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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Scabies is a relatively common skin disease caused by the itch mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. Because of its strong contagious capacity, social problems especially as sexual transmission or massive infection in school children arise quite frequently. Since we have experienced many scabies patients in our outpatient clinic of Urakawa Red Cross Hospital, statistical analysis was attempted on patients from April 1976 to March 1987, in order to contribute to prevention and control of the disease. Results have been obtained as follows: (1) The total number of scabies patients was 496 that is 1.96% of the total number of new outpatients seen in this period. (2) Sex ratio was 1.33 (male): 1 (female), slightly higher in male. (3) As to the age distribution, the highest peak was 3rd decade of life. (4) Compared with previous reports, the ratio of children and elders was remarkably high. (5) Massive infection was observed in one nursing home and one hospital. (6) As to the seasonal distribution, the number of patients was high from October to March, and the highest peak was November. (7) We compared three kinds of scabies and discussed about the useful effect of gamma-BHC in the cure and prevention of the disease, comparing with crotamiton and benzyl benzoate.
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PMID:[Statistical studies on scabies at Division of Dermatology, Urakawa Red Cross Hospital]. 247 82

A scabies epidemic was studied in a university hospital dialysis unit. Itching in patients was initially attributed to uremic pruritus, and diagnosis of the epidemic was delayed until cases occurred among the staff. Sixteen cases (seven patients and nine staff) were identified by survey questionnaire and dermatologic examination. Application of 1% lindane lotion (Kwell, Reed and Carnrick, Piscataway, NJ) to all patients dialyzed in the unit and the entire staff eradicated the epidemic. A dialysis unit-associated nosocomial scabies epidemic has not been reported before and may mimic uremic pruritus in dialysis patients.
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PMID:Pseudouremic pruritus: a scabies epidemic in a dialysis unit. 257 31

As llamas become more common in North America, veterinarians will be called on ever more frequently to deal with their dermatologic problems. Adherence to the basic tenets of the thorough dermatologic work up, including history, physical examination, skin scrapings, cytological examinations, fungal culture, skin biopsies, and assessing response to judiciously chosen trial therapies will offer the best opportunity of arriving at proper diagnoses. Special attention must be paid to the fact that llama skin bears some histological differences that may prove confusing to the uninitiated. A mild degree of hyperkeratosis, a prominent vascular plexus in the superficial dermis that is associated with mild perivascular mononuclear cell accumulations, and regional differences in sebaceous gland size and numbers, all are considered normal findings. Ectoparasites, including sarcoptic mange, chorioptic manage, and pediculosis, appear to be the most common causes of pruritus in the llama. Although ivermectin therapy would appear to be very effective for the treatment of scabies and, indeed, may work well against sucking lice, chorioptic mange and biting lice usually do not respond to this medication. Corticosteroids can be used to treat pruritus in the llama nonspecifically, using the anti-inflammatory dosages established in other species. These drugs are used most appropriately for the management of the allergies that we suspect occur in this species, until better alternative therapies can be developed. Variably pruritic focal areas of alopecia, exudation, and crusting suggest differential diagnoses including bacterial folliculitis and furunculosis, dermatophilosis, dermatophytosis, and coccidioimycosis. The diagnosis of bacterial problems often is made by assessing response to antibiotic therapy. Topical disinfectants and/or systemic penicillin or trimethoprim-sulfadiazine are indicated. Dermatophilosis is treated by cleaning and drying the leasions, applying topical antibiotics, and, occasionally, using parenteral penicillin and streptomycin. Dermatophytosis usually is treated with topical antibiotics only. Captan is one of several therapies of choice. There is no therapy presently available for coccidioidomycosis in the llama. Perhaps most perplexing is the fact that one of the most common dermatopathies seen in the llama is an idiopathic keratinizing disorder that, in some cases, is responsive to zinc supplementation. We have no real idea of the pathogenesis of this problem and recognize that some affected animals will not respond to supplementation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Llama dermatology. 264 33

Cheyletiellosis and scabies can cause pruritus in dogs and cats. Cheyletiellosis is variably pruritic, whereas scabies is usually intensely pruritic. Hypersensitivity reactions are described in both of these parasitic dermatoses and probably contribute to the development of lesions and pruritus. Both parasites are readily eradicated with insecticides.
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PMID:Cheyletiellosis and scabies. 305 46

A case of crusted (Norwegian) scabies is reported in a child who was a recipient of a bone marrow transplant. The infestation is presumed to have predated the bone marrow transplant and continued asymptomatically during chemotherapy and total body x-irradiation in preparation for transplant. The child was asymptomatic until 23 days after transplantation, when bone marrow engraftment was attained. The altered host-parasite relationship is emphasized by the observation that the onset of symptomatic pruritus coincided with successful engraftment.
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PMID:Crusted (Norwegian) scabies. Occurrence in a child undergoing a bone marrow transplant. 354 94

Based on experiences in homes for the aged in Singapore, the following may be useful guidelines when dealing with dermatological cases in old people: Diagnosis can be difficult: common diseases come first. The clinical picture is often altered by the patient's self-medication: search for the primary disease. Expect considerable interference of your therapy by other medication. Keep therapy as simple as possible. Refrain from oral medication. Scabies is more common than usually thought and often difficult to recognize when the general standard of hygiene is high. Creams and ointments are not helpful in stasis eczema and leg ulcers. Diuretics often do not work in ankle oedema and its skin complications. Compressive bandages or elastic stockings are cheaper and safer. Antihistaminics rarely work to relieve itch, but cause considerable drowsiness. Use them only for urticaria. Many elderly have a dry skin: soap can cause itch and dermatitis.
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PMID:Skin problems in the aged. 359 1

We report an outbreak of pigeon mite infestation involving two patients, two nurses, and one physician on a medical ward in a municipal hospital. The index patient developed a diffuse, pruritic erythematous maculopapular rash on his trunk and extremities. Dermanyssus gallinae, a nonburrowing, blood-sucking avian mite was identified on the patient and his bedding. A second patient who complained of scalp pruritus had mites present on her pillow and bed linen. The intern taking care of both patients, and two nurses who had contact with these patients, had mite infestation. Pigeons roosting on the air conditioners and near the doors connecting the patients' rooms to a sunporch were the source of the mites. The outbreak abated after control measures were instituted that prevented pigeons from roosting on the porch. This outbreak illustrates an unusual cause of nosocomial pruritic dermatitis that may be misdiagnosed as scabies or pediculosis. Physicians and health care personnel working in metropolitan areas are alerted to mites as a cause of pruritic dermatitis that may be chronic, recurrent, or unresponsive to ectoparasiticides.
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PMID:Nosocomial dermatitis and pruritus caused by pigeon mite infestation. 368 70

Forty-eight human contacts with cats infested with Notoedres cati were investigated; 30 (62.5%) of the contacts showed symptoms of notoedric scabies, and N. cati mites were recovered from 15 (50%) skin specimens. Intense pruritus without any mite burrows developed within a few hours of initial contact with the infested cats. People within the age group of 26-35 years were frequently infested. Hands and legs were the most common sites of lesions. Prolonged association with the infested cats was responsible for this cutaneous disease. The lesions in infested people subsided when the cats were segregated from humans.
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PMID:Human notoedric scabies from contact with cats infested with Notoedres cati. 380 49

Porcine scabies mites, Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis are more readily available in sufficient quantities than are human scabies mites. Circulating IgE antibodies specific to porcine scabies mites were found in 6 (30%) of 20 scabies patients with an RAST score of at least 2. Seven patients had elevated serum total IgE levels. Correlation between the RAST values, the duration of pruritus, and the IgE levels was not found. The results do not prove the existence of antibodies specific to porcine scabies mites but strongly support this assumption.
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PMID:Serum IgE antibodies to the scabies mite. 392 63

Patients taking immunosuppressive drugs are susceptible to various forms of infection, including dermatologic disease. Recently, atypical manifestations of scabies have been reported in such patients. In the case reported here, a 26-year-old woman who had had a renal transplant and was taking immunosuppressive drugs had a pruritic rash on the back that closely resembled contact dermatitis. However, skin scrapings from the involved areas and punch biopsy specimen of the back showed live scabies mites. The pruritus was relieved and the skin lesions disappeared within ten days of treatment with scabicides. We believe that current widespread use of immunosuppressive agents may result in more cases of atypical forms of scabies. Therefore, physicians who deal with immunosuppressed patients should be aware of this possibility.
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PMID:Norwegian-type scabies mimicking contact dermatitis in an immunosuppressed patient. 401 20


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