Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The most common cause of acral cyanosis is vascular spasm which can be induced by several drugs. An 87-year-old woman developed red and livid skin lesions on the fingers of both hands and several toes one month after beginning treatment with quinine sulfate 200 mg daily. The skin lesions progressed to necrosis in some areas. Quinine sulfate is a widely prescribed drug for nocturnal cramps. The following side effects may develop, particularly in the elderly: exanthems, pruritus, urticaria, erythema multiforme, purpura and photosensitivity. Our case points to the possibility of acral necrosis and demonstrates the efficacy of vasodilator treatment.
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PMID:[Acral necroses after therapy with quinine sulfate for calf cramps]. 1087 70

Five patients with chronic pigmented purpura associated with odontogenic infection are described. Four patients had Schamberg's disease, and one had itching purpura. These patients were resistant to topical corticosteroid treatment, but appearance of purpuric spots ceased after treatment for periodontitis, pulpitis, or both. No circulating immune complexes were detected, and neither immunoglobulin nor complement was deposited in the papillary vessels of the skin. Odontogenic infection might be one of the precipitating factors for chronic pigmented purpura.
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PMID:Chronic pigmented purpura associated with odontogenic infection. 1206 96

In numerous studies of symptoms in patients with chronic hepatitis C there has been no systematic assessment of both fatigue and extrahepatic manifestations. Our objective was to assess the prevalence of fatigue in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and to identify associations between fatigue and clinical and biological hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations. We studied 1614 patients. Data were prospectively recorded during the first visit of patients infected with HCV and the prevalence of fatigue and its association with dermatological, rheumatological, neurological and nephrological manifestations; diabetes; arterial hypertension; auto-antibodies, and cryoglobulinaemia were assessed. Then, using multivariate analysis, we identified demographic, biochemical, immunological, virological, and histological factors associated with the presence of fatigue. Fatigue was present in 53% of patients (95% confidence interval 51-56). In 17% of patients (95% confidence interval 15-19) fatigue was severe, impairing activity. Five other extrahepatic manifestations had a prevalence above 10% including, in decreasing order: arthralgia, paresthesia, myalgia, pruritus, and sicca syndrome. In univariate and multivariate analyses, fatigue, in comparison with the absence of fatigue, was associated with female gender, age over 50 years, cirrhosis, depression and purpura. Independent of these associations, fatigue was associated with arthralgia, myalgia, paresthesia, sicca syndrome and pruritus. The prevalence of fibromyalgia (as defined by the association of fatigue with arthralgia or myalgia) was 19% (95% confidence interval 17-21). There was no significant association between fatigue and the following characteristics: viral load or genotype, alcohol consumption, abnormal thyroid function, and type and level of cryoglobulinaemia. Hence, fatigue is the most frequent extrahepatic manifestation in patients infected with HCV. Fatigue is independently associated with female gender, age over 50 years, cirrhosis, depression and purpura.
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PMID:Fatigue in patients with chronic hepatitis C. 1208 7

Possible hepatic effects of oral contraceptives (OCs) include tumors, intrahepatic cholestasis, and less well known vascular lesions such as Budd-Chiari syndrome and peliosis, a disseminated pseudocystic dilatation of the sinusoid capillaries of the liver. A 29-year-old woman with a history of 4 pregnancies, hypertension and diabetes both requiring daily medication, and use since April 1983 of an oral contraceptive (OC) containing .15 mg levonorgestrel and .03 mg of ethinyl estradiol complained in March 1984 of epigastric pain and increased abdominal volume. Ascitis was diagnosed and the patient was hospitalized. She had experienced a generalized pruritus for several months and had lost weight. The bilirubin, alcaline phosphatase, and Gamma GT levels were slightly elevated. Sonography showed a hypertrophied liver. Incipient esophageal varices were seen with gastric fibroscopy. The small subhepatic venous branches had a cloudy aspect. The peliosis hepatis was diagnosed by a transjugular puncture biopsy of the liver. With discontinuation of the OCs, the ascites did not reappear after puncture and the perturbations of the liver functioning normalized. On follow-up in April 1985, slight hepatomagaly persisted but the patient reported no further symptoms. She continued her medication for hypertension and diabetes. Peliosis hepatis was 1st described in 1964 and several cases related to OC use have been reported since 1972. Peliosis has the aspect of multiple small congestive cavities of 1-3 mm in diameter in the parenchyma. The lesions consist of areas of hepatocellular necrosis secondarily filled with blood. The cysts may be voluminous and subcortical, creating a risk of hemoperitoneum. The lesions may also be associated with a benign or malignant liver tumor. Regression of the lesions is possible with termination of the etiologic agent. Clinically, hepatomegaly, painful or not, sometimes associated with splenomegaly, is often found with peliosis. Moderate jaundice is very frequent. Ascites or edema of the legs are observed. Hyperbilirubinemia and augmentation of phosphatases and Gamma GT are the main laboratory findings. Transaminases may be slightly elevated, and the rate of prothrombin may be diminished. The condition is sometimes diagnosed with laparoscopy, celiomesenteric arteriography, or phlebography, but hepatic puncture biopsy usually establishes the diagnosis. The contition may improve if the etiologic agent is removed or it may worsen because of liver failure or a complication such as hemoperitoneum or an associated tumor.
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PMID:[Peliosis hepatis and oral contraceptives: a case report]. 1228 Oct 5

Nimesulide, a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with a favorable tolerability profile, is being used increasingly in pediatric practice. Its common side effects pertain to the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system. The common cutaneous adverse effects are pruritus and skin rash. Rarely purpura and fixed drug eruptions have also been observed in adults. We present herein a case of nimesulide-induced fixed drug eruption in a 10-year-old boy. The lesions were extensive and showed cross-sensitivity to sulfonamides.
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PMID:Extensive fixed drug eruption to nimesulide with cross-sensitivity to sulfonamides in a child. 1243 63

Geriatric dermatology is a specialty that is receiving particular attention. Among the other topics and diseases briefly covered here are dermatologic nursing home visits, decubitus ulcers, pruritus/xerosis, eczematous dermatitis, psychogenic dermatitides, infections of the skin, purpura, vascular compromise, chronic venous insufficiency, and bullous pemphigoid. Illnesses originating in other organ systems that are made manifest on the skin often complicate the diagnostic and therapeutic picture. Chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and HIV compound the problems in diagnosing and treating geriatric dermatologic diseases. Since the human population is living longer, chronic diseases will become more prevalent, as will diseases of the skin.
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PMID:Geriatric dermatology. 1451 Aug 83

Exercise-induced purpura (EIP) occurs on the lower legs after unusual or major muscular activity, as in marathon runners or as after long walks, especially in the mountains in hot weather. In leisure walkers, patients are otherwise healthy females. There is no relation with chronic venous disorder. Erythematous, urticarial or purpuric plaques arise on the lower leg, usually sparing the skin compressed by socks. Symptoms include itch, pain and a burning sensation. Histopathology demonstrates leukocytoclastic vasculitis. The lesions fade after some days, with frequent relapses at further muscular exercises and may be prevented in some cases by compression, intake of venoactive drugs and local application of steroids. EIP is not uncommon, even if very few descriptions have yet been published. It appears to be consecutive to venous stasis induced by an acute failure of the muscle pump of the calf and thermoregulation decompensation, after a prolonged and unusual exercise, such as running or walking in hot weather.
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PMID:Exercise-induced purpura. 1517 10

Polycythemia vera is classified with myelogenous leukaemia, agnogenic myeloid metaplasia and primary thrombocythemia as a myeloproliferative syndrome. Cutaneous symptoms have been reported with polycythemia vera, including facial plethora, aquagenic pruritus, urticaria, purpura, Sweet's syndrome and pyoderma gangrenosum. However, polycythemia vera associated with systemic sarcoidosis has been rarely reported. An unusual case of polycythemia vera associated with cutaneous sarcoidosis is described.
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PMID:Cutaneous sarcoidosis and polycythemia vera. 1548

The cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis, is the recognised vector of Bartonella henselae, B. clarridgeiae and Rickettsia felis. Although these Gram-negative bacteria were only described in the last decade, they are already known to cause a variety of diseases in people, particularly children and the immunosuppressed. Such diseases include cat-scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, endocarditis, bacteraemia, encephalopathy, neuroretinitis, osteomyelitis and peliosis hepatis. Although most infections in cats and dogs appear to be subclinical, recent studies have provided growing evidence that the bartonellas can also cause serious problems in pets, including hepatitis, endocarditis, central nervous system (CNS) signs, lymphadenopathy, uveitis, cataracts and reproductive failure. In 2004, DNA of B. henselae, B. clarridgeiae and R. felis was demonstrated in cat fleas from New Zealand and pets and their owners in the country are thus at risk of infection. While flea control programmes have traditionally been advocated by veterinarians to prevent pruritus and tapeworms in pets, they should now also be recommended to prevent infections with the new flea-borne bacterial pathogens. To raise awareness of the organisms amongst veterinarians and animal health workers, this review describes: the biology of the organisms; clinical and laboratory features of infections in cats, dogs and people; diagnosis; and possible treatments and control of infections with these organisms.
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PMID:A review of bacterial pathogens in Ctenocephalides felis in New Zealand. 1576 35

Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by exocrine gland involvement. It is reported that the skin is affected in nearly half of SS patients. Cutaneous manifestations consist of xerosis, angular cheilitis, eyelid dermatitis, pruritus, cutaneous vasculitis (frequently manifesting as palpable purpura), and erythema annulare. Most of them are nonspecific and less severe than the oral, ocular, or musculoskeletal symptoms. We present two patients with primary SS who have many cutaneous manifestations including erythema annulare and pernio-like lesions and review the literature about this topic.
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PMID:Cutaneous findings in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome. 1691 58


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