Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anti-hypertensive drugs, including diuretics and beta-blocking drugs, belong to a group of therapeutics used by about a fourth of the Danish population. As with cytostatics, antibiotics, and topical remedies, they rather frequently cause adverse drug reactions (ADR) in the skin. No exact statistical information is available concerning the extent of such side effects. The information obtained by Danish National Board of Health's Committee on Adverse Drug Reactions shows that 10-60% of ADR from diuretics, beta-blocking agents, and anti-hypertensive drugs are dermatological. The skin symptoms are not unique for any specific drug. But certain symptoms occur more frequently than others. Thiazides can give vasculitis, a phototoxic/-allergic eruption, erythema multiforme, or eczema. The combination of amiloride (5 mg) and hydrochlorothiazide (50 mg) carries the highest number of recorded ADR; 59% of these are in the skin. Half of the skin ADR are phototoxic eczema. Furosemide may give eczema, purpura, a bullous eruption, or Steven-Johnson's syndrome in rare cases. Methyldopa can induce eczematous eruptions on hands and feet, a lichenoid eruption, a lupus erythematosus-like eruption, or purpura. Hydralazine may give lupus erythematosus-like eruptions, eczema, or urticaria. Non-specific beta-blocking drugs can induce a morbilliform rash and may aggravate psoriasis. Captopril may induce pruritus in up to 15% of the patients and skin eruptions in 2%. The most serious dermatological side effect, exfoliative dermatitis, is very rarely seen following the use of anti-hypertensive drugs or diuretics.
 ...
PMID:Adverse reactions in the skin from anti-hypertensive drugs. 289 92

Many classes of drugs exert anti-inflammatory activity through mechanisms which affect all or part of the inflammatory process. Some of these agents are beneficial in the practice of dermatology, while others, such as penicillamine, mast cell blockers and serotonin antagonists, find little or no application. Corticosteroids, for example, are nonspecific in their anti-inflammatory effects and remain a mainstay of therapy, despite their side effect profile. Other drugs, such as the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents or gold, can be used in the treatment of diseases associated with rheumatic or autoimmune states. Moreover, antihistamines play an important role in the control of itching, but are mainly indicated in controlling non-dermatological allergic sequelae. Interestingly, chloroquine and dapsone, which were originally developed for use in malaria prophylaxis and leprosy, respectively, have value in treating a wide range of dermatological conditions via mechanisms which include the inhibition of P-450 isoenzymes. In diseases characterised by disturbed cornification (e.g. psoriasis pustulosa), retinoids are of particular value. These drugs are thought to act by inhibition of collagenases, proteases and granulocyte migration. Undoubtedly, further investigation of drug classes such as oxygen radical controllers and immunomodulators will clarify their mechanisms and establish their therapeutic usefulness among the anti-inflammatory agents now available for dermatological use.
 ...
PMID:The present status of anti-inflammatory agents in dermatology. 307 31

The aesthetic pleasure of the Finnish sauna may be disturbed by an intense itch caused by sweating in a few people with atopic dermatitis. The heat of the sauna may also initiate cholinergic urticaria. The sauna itself does not cause drying of the skin although incorrect washing habits may lead to this. The use of soap is adviced especially in the anogenital region and armpits, but the use of a washing brush and sponge is not adviced. Sauna bathing facilitates the removal of hyperkeratotic scales in psoriasis, and the use of petrolatum, emollient creams or topical antipsoriatic regimens has been found to be beneficial for many patients. Dermatophytes and other infective microorganisms are easily killed by the heat of the sauna. The pleasing sensations in the skin after sauna bathing are thus only very seldom disturbed by itches or some other unpleasant consequence.
 ...
PMID:The sauna, skin and skin diseases. 321

Immunotherapy with interleukin 2 and lymphokine-activated killer cells can result in regression of metastatic cancer. Dermatologic complications associated with this therapy include erythema, pruritus, and a mild desquamation. Three patients with a history of psoriasis received high-dose interleukin 2 alone or in conjunction with lymphokine-activated killer cells for treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Two patients developed an erythrodermic exacerbation during therapy while the third patient experienced a localized flare. Topical treatment was effective in inducing remission in all three patients. Histologic analysis of serial skin biopsy specimens revealed psoriasiform changes in involved skin as well as epidermal spongiosis and a perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrate. The psoriatic exacerbation from interleukin 2 did not affect antitumor response to the therapy and should not be considered a contraindication to treatment.
 ...
PMID:Interleukin 2 and psoriasis. 326 40

In a previous study we evaluated a microcrystalline preparation of 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP; Bergapten) for its photochemotherapeutic properties. Preliminary data indicated that the clinical efficacy of 5-MOP is comparable to that of 8-methoxypsoralen. 5-MOP appeared as a promising alternative photosensitizer for the management of psoriasis because of the almost complete lack of phototoxic and drug intolerance reactions that are frequently encountered in patients undergoing 8-MOP photochemotherapy. With a new liquid preparation of 5-MOP we have now extended our earlier investigation on a larger clinical scale and have correlated the clinical response with the bioavailability of the drug. Serum level determinations showed an absorption rate of only approximately 25% that of 8-MOP. When administered in the same dosage as 8-MOP, 5-MOP turned out to be significantly less effective; however, by doubling the oral dosage, comparable results in terms of clearing of psoriasis were obtained. Also with this high-dose 5-MOP regimen, no drug intolerance was noted and other side effects, such as severe erythema, pruritus, and nausea, occurred only rarely. We propose 5-MOP as a valuable alternative for photochemotherapy (PUVA) of PUVA-responsive diseases.
 ...
PMID:5-Methoxypsoralen (Bergapten) for photochemotherapy. Bioavailability, phototoxicity, and clinical efficacy in psoriasis of a new drug preparation. 327 89

Among 82 inpatients with psoriasis, 67% (55 patients) reported moderate or severe pruritus. The degree of depressive psychopathology discriminated between the mild, moderate, and severe pruritus groups at admission. Prospectively, the change in depression scores correlated with the change in pruritus pretreatment to posttreatment. Pruritus severity did not correlate significantly with stress due to life events, age at onset, ethyl duration of psoriasis, age, sex, marital status, and average reported daily alcohol (ethanol) consumption. Among the objective dermatologic measures, including extent and severity of lesions, only the degree of perilesional irritation discriminated between the mild, moderate, and severe pruritus groups at admission, and prospectively, change in this measure correlated with the change in pruritus pretreatment to posttreatment. This finding was most likely related to the self-excoriation associated with pruritus. Intrapsychic factors (eg, the severity of depression) rather than external psychosocial or well-defined dermatologic factors, were the most significant correlates of pruritus in psoriasis.
 ...
PMID:Pruritus in psoriasis. A prospective study of some psychiatric and dermatologic correlates. 338 49

Tigason (etretinate, RO-10-9359) is an oral aromatic retinoid acid which is effective in psoriasis and other dermatological syndromes. The present study reports the results of the use of this drug in 15 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis, aged between 42 and 74 (average 60.2) years. Two patients dropped out after one month because they showed dryness of lips, chapping and intolerable itching, and another two due to intolerable pruritus and deterioration of their skin lesions. The 11 remaining patients, five males and six females, were treated with a daily dose of 50 mg etretinate, reduced to 25 mg after two weeks. Assessments which included grip strength, Ritchie joint index, pain, and dermatological assessment were performed at monthly intervals. Routine blood tests for toxic effects and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were also performed, as well as CPR (C-protein reactive) as a test of disease activity. All patients showed an improvement in the psoriasis, joint swelling and pain. The elevated ESR observed in all patients studied also fell gradually during the course of etretinate treatment, as did as the intake of antiinflammatory agents. Elevated serum lipid levels (cholesterol and triglycerides) were found in three patients; further drug-specific side-effects such as dryness of lips and mouth, loss of hair, thinning of skin and scaling were frequently found in all patients, but they remained tolerable.
 ...
PMID:Tigason (etretinate) treatment in psoriatic arthritis. 339 51

In this study a combination of clinical and experimental investigations demonstrates the antiproliferative effect of the coal tar-containing preparation Berniter. From a concentration of 70 micrograms/ml onwards (= 0.35 micrograms coal tar/ml) Berniter inhibits DNA synthesis of transformed human keratinocytes in vitro. The growth inhibiting effect is reversible up to the ED50 concentration (257 micrograms Berniter/ml = 1.3 micrograms coal tar/ml). The tar-free vehicle has no identifiable effect on the proliferation of the cells at a concentration of 260 micrograms/ml. However, at higher concentrations (ED50 = 1023 micrograms/ml) the vehicle also inhibits cell growth, this inhibition being irreversible. The effect of Berniter and the tar-free vehicle on amino acid metabolism corresponds with the reduced growth rate. The ED50 concentrations (331 micrograms/ml for Berniter and 1445 micrograms/ml for the tar-free vehicle) are higher than those in the investigation of the proliferation. The clinical trial was performed in two groups of 12 and 11 patients, respectively, suffering from Psoriasis capillitii. After 3 days' topical treatment of both groups with salicylic acid for scaling, one group was treated for 4 weeks with betamethasone-17-valerate (in the following briefly called Bet-17-v), as a commercial lotion. The other group received Bet-17-v initially for 3 days and was then treated for 4 weeks with Berniter. The 4 parameters used for evaluation (erythema, scaling, infiltration and itching) showed a more significant improvement in the Berniter group than in the Bet-17-v group. Subjectively, treatment with Berniter was assessed to be preferable.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Experimental and clinical demonstration of the antiproliferative effect of a highly purified coal tar fraction in a special gel vehicle]. 340 Dec 73

A questionnaire survey of all members of the Psoriasis Society of the Greater Helsinki area was carried out to determine the prevalence of craniomandibular (CM) disorders in psoriasis. 1517 (85%) of the psoriatic members responded; 1050 had skin symptoms (psoriasis; P) and 400 skin and joint symptoms (psoriatic arthritis; PA). The most characteristic CM symptom was pain in the temporomandibular joint area. A high number of subjective symptoms correlated with poor general state of health, stress, pruritus of skin lesions, occlusal parafunctions and impaired chewing ability. Patients with PA had symptoms of CM disorders twice as frequently as patients with P. A high number of symptoms of CM disorders correlated with the number of other joints affected by PA.
 ...
PMID:Craniomandibular disorders in psoriasis. 347 75

A questionnaire survey of British tanning salon clients disclosed that immediate side effects occurred more frequently in women using oral contraceptives. 20 questionnaires distributed to each of 146 UV-A lamp tanning salons nationwide in 1985 covered 24 questions on topics such as age, sex and skin type of the respondents, skin conditions such as acne and psoriasis, satisfaction with tan, and side effects including erythema (redness), itching, rash and nausea. Half of the subjects were young women aged 15-30, who had used the sunbed 10 to 100 times (median 20 times). Most sessions lasted 30 minutes. 98% reported that they tanned; 83% claimed they felt more relaxed; 28% complained of itching; 8% had rash or nausea. Among those with side effects, 41% with itching took oral contraceptives, compared to 27% who did not (p.005). 17% of pill users had nausea and 14% got a rash, compared to 10 and 7% of non-pill users, respectively (p.025). 195 or 19% of the 1013 respondents were on the pill. There are several conditions known to predispose to skin reddening, irritation or possibly carcinogenesis: fair skin; idiopathic light sensitivity; use of certain cosmetics or drugs such as antibiotics, antihypertension drugs, or antipsychotic agents.
 ...
PMID:Use of UV-A sunbeds for cosmetic tanning. 373 Feb 79


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>