Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Over a period of 18 months the development of hepatitis after intake of oxyphenisatin, a laxative, was established in 14 patients by re-exposure to the drug. The characteristic feature was nonspecific upper abdominal pain up to colic-like pain, lact of appetite, nausea or vomiting, and pruritus. The biochemical changes were those of chronic hepatitis with varying severity of biliary stasis and abnormal immunofluorescence. On re-exposure there was a particularly remarkable rise in GLDH activity. The histological picture showed acute inflammatory changes in the biliary passages on re-exposure, while the liver cells were clearly involved only secondarily. At a latter point the histological picture became non-specific. At laparoscopy there were different stages of minor periportal hepatic fibrosis to marked postnecrotic liver scars with portal hypertension and decompensation. Early diagnosis is difficult but crucial to the patient's fate, because this form of hepatitis regresses completely after oxyphenisatin has been stopped. Laxatives containing this drug should be withdrawn from the market.
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PMID:[Oxyphenisatin-induced liver disease (author's transl)]. 12 99

Rates of allergic skin reactions to commonly used drugs were estimated from data obtained on 22,227 consecutively monitored medical inpatients. A total of 57 drugs were implicated with skin reactions. Five or more reactions were attributed to each of 22 drugs (or drug groups). Many commonly used drugs did not appear to cause any allergic reactions. The study provides the practicing physician with drug-specific quantitative data that can be used to evaluate the causes of drug-induced rash, itching, or hives.
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PMID:Rates of cutaneous reactions to drugs. A report from the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program. 12 41

In a double-blind comparative trial on 37 patients with symetric dermatoses, the clinical effect of desoximetasone (0.25%) has been compared to fluocinolone acetonide (0.2%). After 7 days of treatment an improvement or cure of the lesions could be seen in 34 patients treated with desoximetasone, and only on 22 patients treated with fluocinolone acetonide (0.2%). The better effect of desoximetasone was especially evident on erythema and pruritus. Differences between the drugs were statistically significant.
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PMID:[Clinical testing of a new local corticoid: desoximethasone]. 13 80

In a multicentre study 15 physicians investigated the therapeutic efficacy and tolerance of Faktu suppositories and ointment (containing the active principle of Albothyl, a condensation product of m-cresolsulfonic acid and formaldehyde) in 585 patients with proctological affections. Highly satisfactory results were achieved in 486 patients (83.1%). The following were found to be the main indications: -treatment of wounds after proctological operations, -fresh and fissures, -bleeding internal haemorrhoids, -anal eczema and anal pruritus, -rhagades and perforated or prolapsed external haemorrhoids (perianal thrombosis). None of the investigators reported any persisting adverse side-effects. 16% of the patients complained of local discomfort of varying intensity such as pruritus, burning or irritation. The symptoms mostly appeared on commencement of the treatment and necessitated discontinuation of therapy in 5.3% only. The extremely favourable effect of Albothyl - the active principle of Faktu - is due to its unique mechanism of action: the markedly acid milieu of the substance. Furthermore the Faktu preparations do not contain any steroids and consequently they can be used without any misgivings over prolonged periods.
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PMID:[Multicenter clinical study of a novel steroid-free preparation in proctology]. 13 41

Rhus dermatitis, experimentally induced in humans, was used as a model for determining the efficacy of various proprietary topical steroids. One-centimeter squares of vesicular dermatitis were induced by patch application of Rhus oleoresin. The steroids were then applied without occlusion once daily for four days, with readings of the therapeutic effect taken on the fifth day. Only potent steroids provided unequivocal suppression in this severe test. The rank order of efficacy corresponded to clinical experience. Cream and ointment formulations of the same steroid at the same strength did not differ. High strength preparations were more effective than regular strengths. Relief of pruritus was an important early effect of efficaceous steroids.
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PMID:Assay of topical corticosteroids. Efficacy of suppression of experimental Rhus dermatitis in humans. 13 36

Two patients with clinical and pathological symptoms of so-called angioimmunoblastic lymphadenitis are presented. Both patients were over 50, with multiple lymphadenopathies, fever, pruritus and hyperglobulinemia. The lymph node changes exhibited a characteristic histological triad consisting of diffuse lymphoid proliferation, small arborizing vessels proliferation and paraamyloid-like amorphous material deposition. As previous authors suggested, the disease seems to be the expression of a prolonged hyperimmune response induced by the hypersensitivity to certain factors.
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PMID:Angio-immunoblastic lymphadenitis: remarks about two cases. 13 74

A 71-year-old woman presented with acutely developed symptoms of generalized lymphadenopathy, intermittent maculo-papular skin rash, pruritus, weight loss, hepato-splenomegaly, pleural exsudate and alternating breast swellings. The histopathological picture of biopsies from a lymph node and from the skin was diagnostic for immunoblastic lymphadenopathy, and the serum concentrations of IgG and IgA were increased. Delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions to various antigens were totally extinguished and the number of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood was consistently very low. The number of both T- and B-lymphocytes further decreased during cytostatic treatment and the patient contracted numerous infections. During intermittent treatment with Levamisole the infectious episodes ceased, the cellular immune response was reestablished and the pathological hyperimmuneglobulinaemia suppressed. It is suggested that the primary immunological defect in this disease could be a failing cellular immunity, and that the hyperplasia and hyper-reactivity of the B-cell system are a secondary phenomenon.
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PMID:Restoration of defective cellular immunity by levamisole in a patient with immunoblastic lymphadenopathy. 13 52

A 25-year-old white man with gout and nephropathy and with a previous reaction to allopurinol was given a trial dose of oxypurinol. He developed malaise, a generalized erythematous reaction with edema, pruritus, and emesis; this was clinically identical to the reaction he experienced with allopurinol. When the patient's lymphocytes were exposed in vitro to oxypurinol and allopurinol, increased DNA synthesis was observed, suggesting an immunologic basis for the reaction. This patient indicates that clinical cross reactivity to allopurinol and oxypurinol does occur and may be of an immunologic basis. There is a need for additional xanthine oxidase inhibitors for such patients.
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PMID:Allergic reaction to allopurinol with cross-reactivity to oxypurinol. 13 55

A discussion is presented on the epidemiological and clinical aspects of filariasis in persons returning from tropical countries. In our population filariasis is mainly imported from central and western Africa, especially Cameroon. Missionaries and voluntary workers spending periods of years in the tropics are particularly exposed. About 50% of the patients are normal on clinical examination and 40% do not even evidence symptoms due to the low parasite density. Therefore, demonstration of the parasite, which is the diagnostic aim, is often very difficult and requires special techniques. Whenever parasite demonstration is impossible, itching, eosinophilia and a positive immunofluorescence reaction are important diagnostic signs, but they may occasionally develop years after the subject's return. Treatment is by diethylcarbamazine and suramine; their administration and side effects are described and 2 cases involving severe reactions due to inadequate treatment are cited.
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PMID:[Filariasis in patients returned from the tropics. Studies on 64 cases]. 13 46

Six separate investigators following the methodology stipulated in a common protocol provided a data base of 124 patients with Rhus dermatitis, other contact dermatitis, or atopic dermatitis. In this double-blind study, one or two 1 ml (4.0 mg/ml) intramuscular injections of the new sodium phosphate ester of betamethasone was compared with dexamethasone sodium phosphate in the treatment of the signs and symptoms common to these disorders. The comparably balanced groups responded dramatically to both drugs. Within 24 hours the mean scores of all symptoms and patients' overall condition were reduced appreciable. Pruritus, burning, inflammation and other typical symptoms and signs each responded well. The significant beneficial differences were observed most often in patients on betamethasone. There were no treatment failures and no side effects in this short-term trial.
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PMID:Parenteral short-term corticosteroid therapy in moderate to severe dermatoses. A comparative multiclinic study. 13 30


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