Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Palliative percutaneous bile duct drainage was carried out in five patients with obstructive jaundice due to inoperable tumours. In four patients drainage was continued for a long period, in one patient for only one day. The bile duct was punctured by transhepatic cholangiography. It was then catheterised and a drainage catheter introduced into the duodenum in order to produce both internal and external drainage. This procedure, which carries few complications, produces a rapid reduction of jaundice and disappearance of pruritus. It does not increase the expectation of life, which depends on the underlying disease. Experience with this method may be of value in benign stenoses or in pre-operative drainage.
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PMID:[Percutaneous transhepatic bile duct drainage for obstructive jaundice (author's transl)]. 8 87

Percutaneous transhepatic drainage of the bile duct (PTCD) is a method that has few complications and can successfully relieve an obstructive jaundice. As a palliative drainage in malignancies of the liver and the porta of the liver it reduces the jaundice and prevents the accompanying troublesome pruritus, thus prolonging life. It reduces postoperative lethality and complications by reducing the jaundice preoperatively. Suppurative cholangitis with bile duct obstruction is quickly relieved by administration of antibiotics into the drainage.
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PMID:[Indications and results of percutaneous transhepatic bile-duct drainage]. 8 98

Obstructive jaundice, pruritus, and malabsorption developed in twin brothers in infancy. Early liver biopsy specimens showed intracellular and canalicular cholestasis with normal bile ducts. By the age of 3 years, both had cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Each died during the teen years from hepatocellular carcinoma. These brothers represent the tenth reported family with familial cholestatic cirrhosis, and they are the first patients with this syndrome in whom hepatoma developed.
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PMID:Hepatoma in familial cholestatic cirrhosis of childhood: its occurrence in twin brothers. 21 1

Percutaneous transhepatic catheterization of the biliary tree was performed in 41 patients with obstructive jaundice. In 39 patients, the catheter was successfully advanced past the obstructing lesion into the distal common duct and duodenum to establish internal biliary drainage. The remaining two patients had the obstructed biliary tract drained externally. Chronic internal catheter drainage was instituted in five patients with stricture and ten with malignant obstruction as a means of palliating symptomatic jaundice. Twenty-two patients had marked reduction in serum bilirubin levels and pruritus, eight patients had moderate decreases in serum bilirubin levels, and six patients did not improve despite adequate catheterization due to hepatic parenchymal disease. This procedure effectively decompresses the severely obstructed biliary tree prior to surgery and can also palliate patients with unresectable malignant biliary obstruction and stent high-risk, benign strictures.
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PMID:Percutaneous decompression of benign and malignant biliary obstruction. 21 26

In 48 patients with obstructive jaundice caused by unresectable lesions, a polyethylene tube was inserted into the biliary tract using a percutaneous transhepatic technique. This endoprosthesis provided permanent internal drainage without an external catheter. In 27 patients, bilirubin declined to anicteric or subicteric levels and pruritus subsided. In six patients, endoprosthesis had an intermediate effect, with moderate falls in bilirubin and improvement of their general condition. This method does not seem to increase the risk of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, which precedes insertion. It is recommended for patients with inoperable bile duct obstruction and may replace surgical biliodigestive anastomoses in patients with unresectable lesions.
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PMID:Endoprosthesis for internal drainage of the biliary tract. Technique and results in 48 cases. 44 10

Cholestatic jaundice of pregnancy is a condition characterized by pruritus, icterus, or both during pregnancy. A total of 9 pregnancies complicated by cholestatic jaundice are presented. Three of these cases are presented in detail because they reflect complications that can occur with this condition. The literature on cholestatic jaundice is reviewed. This condition has been regarded in the past as benign to the mother and fetus, but these cases and other recent investigations suggest high perinatal mortality and morbidity rates.
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PMID:Cholestatic jaundice of pregnancy: new perspectives. 50 97

The prevalence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy was studied immediately postpartum in 869 women from three distant Chilean cities differing in climate and food supply. Cholestatic jaundice of pregnancy was detected in 2.4% and pruritus gravidarum in 13.2%, without significant differences between the three cities. Every woman was then ethnically classified as predominantly Caucasoid, Araucanian Indian, or Aimara Indian. A significantly higher prevalence of cholestatic jaundice of pregnancy (5.5%) and pruritus gravidarum (22.1%) was found in Araucanians than in Caucasoids (2.5% and 12.6% respectively) or in the Aimaras (0 and 11.8% respectively). The prevalence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy in Araucanians increased directly with the degree of "ethnic purity." Recurrence of the disease in multiparous women was also greater in Araucanians (13.8%) than in Caucasoids (5.5%) or in the Aimaras (3.9%). We propose that an ethnic predisposition to develop intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is present in Araucanian women and that the high prevalence of the disease in Chile is mainly influenced by ethnic admixture with this South American Indian (ethnic) group.
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PMID:Prevalence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy in Chile. 63 28

Extrahepatic biliary obstruction due to mechanical obstruction of the common bile duct is a relatively rare complication of pancreatic pseudocyst. When jaundice does occur, clinical or laboratory evidence of associated primary hepatobiliary disease or acute pancreatitis has invariably been present. The patient described had a 3-month history of painless juandice, 40-lb weight loss, pruritus, and hepatomegaly, but no clinical or biochemical evidence of acute or chronic pancreatitis. After initial evaluation, including an abdominal echogram and a transhepatic cholangiogram, carcinoma of the head of the pancreas was diagnosed preoperatively. At laparotomy, a small pancreatic pseudocyst obstructed the terminal portion of the common bile duct. This case illustrates that a pancreatic pseudocyst should be considered in the differential diagnosis of obstructive jaundice, even in the absence of clinical evidence of pancreatitis or pseudocyst formation.
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PMID:Silent pancreatic pseudocyst. An unusual cause of extrahepatic biliary obstruction. 113 Mar 80

In a series of 136 cases of hydatid disease affecting various tissues and organs admitted to one surgical unit in the Medical City Hospital, Baghdad, and personally studied and treated by the author, the liver was involved in 94 cases (69-1 per cent) and intrabiliary rupture occurred in 15. Pain in the right upper abdominal quadrant associated with tenderness and rigidity, radiating to the back and right, shoulder, was the presenting feature in almost all the patients. Hectic fever was present in 14. Obstructive jaundice developed in all the patients at some stage of the illness, but was complete with clay-coloured stools in only half. Chills and rigors were present in 67 per cent, eosinophilia in 40 per cent, a positive Casoni's test in 87 per cent, itching with urticaria and weal formation in 20 per cent and a palpable mass in the liver in 67 per cent of cases. Operative treatment is mandatory in order to clean the mother cyst of hydatid membranes, debris and daughter cysts, to explore and clear the common bile duct and to ensure free biliary passage to the duodenum. Sphincterotomy is neither necessary nor advisable, and when the gallbladder is not invaded by the cyst it should be preserved.
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PMID:Intrabiliary rupture of hydatid cyst of the liver. 119 49

Segment III cholangio-enteric anastomosis was performed in 17 patients with obstructive jaundice due to unresectable malignancies at the porta hepatis. The operative mortality was 6% (1/17) and morbidity 30% (5/17). More than 50% fall in bilirubin level with symptomatic improvement in pruritus was seen in 13 patients. Three patients had 25%-50% fall in bilirubin level. This procedure is safe and effective in palliation of unresectable hilar obstruction.
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PMID:Palliative segment III biliary bypass (left cholangio-jejunostomy) in malignant block at porta hepatis. 138 25


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