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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Otomycosis of the auditory canal is common in Burma. Of 346 cases of otitis externa seen in a hospital outpatient clinic during two consecutive rainy seasons, 189 were due to fungus infection. Aspergillus species were the fungi isolated most frequently. Infection was most commonly due to self-manipulation. Itching and tinnitus were common complaints. Treatment by local cleansing and application of antifungal agents was effective, 10% 5-fluorocytosine ointment being most successful.
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PMID:Otomycosis in Burma, and its treatment. 644 61

Fifty-two of 142 (37%) American ex-prisoners of war that worked on the Burma-Thailand Railroad during World War II were found to have previously unrecognized symptomatic Strongyloides stercoralis infections. A characteristic urticarial creeping skin eruption on the abdomen, buttocks and thighs occurred in 92%. Infection was also associated with pruritus ani, abdominal pain, indigestion, heartburn, and diarrhea. Demonstration of larvae in ether-formalin stool concentrates in these chronic low density infections required 5 hours of microscopy per case to detect 90% of positive cases. Therapy with thiabendazole resulted in a clinical cure in 93% and a microscopic cure in 100%; but was associated with frequent side effects. Chronic strongyloidiasis should be considered in veterans of Far East conflicts and in others with intimate soil contact in rural Strongyloides stercoralis-endemic areas who present with recurrent creeping skin eruption, abdominal pain, and eosinophilia.
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PMID:Chronic strongyloidiasis in World War II Far East ex-prisoners of war. 669 84

The role of regular skin cleansing with soap or syndet in pre-acne is ill-defined. The intention of this study was to assess the relative value of an acidic syndet bar and a conventional soap bar in the prevention of acne lesions in acne-prone patients. In a randomized, open, comparative trial the three months' application of either an acidic syndet bar or a conventional soap to facial skin for 1 min each in the morning and in the evening was compared in 120 adolescents and young adults with inflammatory acne grade I or II according to the Plewig and Kligman classification. It was a confirmatory trial with the number of inflammatory lesions being the prime parameter of concern. In addition, non-inflammatory acne lesions were analyzed as were parameters of safety such as itching, redness and scaling. While the number of inflammatory acne lesions, i.e., papulopustules, did not differ in the two trial groups composed of 57 evaluable cases each, this was the case from 4 weeks of application onward: in the group using soap the mean number of inflammatory lesions increased from 14.6 (+/- 5.3) to 15.3 (+/- 6.0), while it decreased in the other group from 13.4 (+/- 5.2) to 10.4 (+/- 5.8) (p < 0.0001). Symptoms or signs of irritation were seen in 40.4% of individuals belonging to the former and 1.8% belonging to the latter group. The number of papulopustules characteristic of inflammatory acne thus is clearly lower when a syndet bar of the acidic type is regularly used for cleansing the face as compared to a (necessarily alkaline) soap.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Infection
PMID:The influence of the regular use of a soap or an acidic syndet bar on pre-acne. 762 70

Aujeszky's disease virus is spread by horizontal transmission from infected pigs to sheep with high losses. Clinical symptoms in sheep, for example pruritus, are obvious. Infection of sheep can be avoided by strictly separating pigs and sheep. Vaccination of pigs therefore indirectly also gives good protection to other susceptible species on the farm.
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PMID:[Clinical and epidemiologic aspects of Aujeszky's disease in sheep]. 804 32

A total of 2048 urine specimens were examined to assess the infection prevalence and epidemiological factors of T. vaginalis amongst students in a Nigerian higher institution. Five hundred and five students were infected (24.7%). This included 131 (15.6%) males and 374 (31.0%) females. More male than female students were found to be asymptomatic. Infection was significantly higher in females than males and in the second and third than the fourth and fifth decades of life (P < 0.05). Infection increases progressively with increase in the number of sexual partners. The use and neglect of condoms were also assessed. The pH range of the vagina of most infected females was between 5.8-8.2. Clinical symptoms noted among females were local tenderness, vulval pruritus and intermittent burning sensations in addition to profuse vaginal discharges. The public health implication of the findings and some epidemiological factors enhancing the disease transmission are presented.
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PMID:Trichomoniasis amongst students of a higher institution in Nigeria. 850 17

Adenoviral conjuctivitis is one of the most common causes of acute red eye. Other diagnostic considerations include herpes virus conjunctivitis, chlamydial conjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and various other less common infections. Careful history taking can help in identifying a viral cause. The presentation may range from a minor conjunctivitis resulting from an upper respiratory tract infection to a serious, debilitating epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. Local care and interventions to minimize transmission are the cornerstones of management. Infection is usually self-limiting. Warm soaks and artificial tear lubricants may relieve itching and burning. Patients should be instructed to avoid touching their eyes, wash hands often, use disposable towels, and avoid group activities for as long as an ocular discharge is present. Use of topical corticosteroids or antibacterial preparations can lead to complications, and injudicious use of topical corticosteroids may mask serious conditions that require other interventions.
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PMID:Acute red eye. Differentiating viral conjunctivitis from other, less common causes. 930 18

Of 100 cases of diabetes mellitus examined for cutaneous findings 82% showed cutaneous lesions. Infection (49%) was the most common finding followed by involvement of foot (30%). High incidence of vitiligo (10%) and localized anogenital pruritus (19%) was an unusual feature. Some of the cutaneous markers of diabetes mellitus like necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, diabetic bullae, acquired perforating dermatoses and scleredema were not seen in this study.
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PMID:Cutaneous manifestations of diabetes mellitus. 1008 51

In a randomized clinical study, 61 hospitalized men were examined to test the local tolerability and antimicrobial efficacy of antiseptic treatment of the genitals with povidone iodine versus octenidine hydrochloride solution. Antibacterial efficacy was established by comparing the total aerobic bacterial colony count from standardized swabs from the orificium urethrae externum before, immediately after, and 30 and 60 min after antisepsis. Tolerability was assessed by dermatoscopy, applying a scale to rate the criteria of reddening, erosions and microbleeding. pH-value was taken and the nitracin yellow test carried out at several intervals. Patients assessed sensations (itching, burning, warmth, cold tension) in visual analogue scales. The test for equivalence in efficacy of both antiseptic agents produced no significant result (P = 0.3). The sum score of tolerability produced a better result for povidone iodine. In addition, the drop in the pH value after observed antisepsis with povidone iodine provides an additional protective mechanism against bacterial colonization.
Infection
PMID:Efficacy and local tolerability of povidone iodine and octenidine hydrochloride solution for the antiseptic preparation of the orificium urethrae. 1021 40

Leishmaniasis is a protozoan disease whose clinical manifestations depend both on the infecting species of Leishmania and the immune response of the host. Transmission of the disease occurs by the bite of a sandfly infected with Leishmania parasites. Infection may be restricted to the skin in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), to the mucous membranes in mucosal leishmaniasis or spread internally in visceral leishmaniasis (VL). In the last 2 decades, leishmaniasis, especially VL, has been recognized as an opportunistic disease in immunocompromised patients, particularly those infected with HIV. Leishmaniasis is characterized by a spectrum of disease phenotypes that correspond to the strength of the host's cell-mediated immune response. Both susceptible and resistant phenotypes exist within human populations. Clinical cutaneous disease ranges from a few spontaneously-healing lesions, to diffuse external or internal disease, to severe mucous membrane involvement. Spontaneously-healing lesions are associated with positive antigen-specific T cell responsiveness, diffuse cutaneous and visceral disease with T cell non-responsiveness, and mucocutaneous disease with T cell hyperresponsiveness. Current research is focused on determining the extent to which this spectrum of host response is genetically determined. In endemic areas, diagnosis is often made on clinical grounds alone including: small number of lesions; on exposed areas; present for a number of months; resistant to all types of attempted treatments; and usually no pain or itching. Multiple diagnostic techniques are available. When evaluating treatment, the natural history of leishmaniasis must be considered. Lesions of CL heal spontaneously over 1 month to 3 years, while lesions of mucocutaneous and VL rarely, if ever, heal without treatment. Consequently, all the latter patients require treatment. Therapy is not always essential in localized CL, although the majority of such patients are treated. Patients with lesions on the face or other cosmetically important areas are treated to reduce the size of the resultant scar. In addition, the species of parasite should be identified so that infection with Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania panamensis can be treated to reduce the risk of development of mucocutaneous disease. Treating patients with Leishmania and HIV co-infection requires close monitoring for effectiveness of treatment, especially because of the high relapse rates. Proven treatments include: antimonials, pentamidine, amphotericin B, interferon with antimony. Treatments where current clinical experience is too limited include: allopurinol, ketoconazole, itraconazole, immunotherapy, rifampin, dapsone, localized heat, paromomycin ointment and cryotherapy. Investigational treatments include: WR6026, liposomal amphotericin and miltefosine. In addition, vaccines for leishmaniasis are being investigated in clinical trials.
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PMID:Leishmaniasis: recognition and management with a focus on the immunocompromised patient. 1189 21

Infections may lead to a multitude of pathological skin alterations, and represent the most common diseases in pediatric dermatology. A prerequisite for successful treatment is an accurate diagnosis based on the medical history, clinical presentation and the culture of pathogens. Of importance among the bacterial skin diseases in pediatrics are impetigo, scarlet fever, borreliosis and cat-scratch fever. Dermatophytoses caused by Trichophyton or species of Microsporum affect either hair-bearing skin (scalp) (tinea capitis) or non-hair-bearing skin of the face, trunk, neck and limbs (tinea corporis). In babies, infections with the yeast fungus, Candida albicans, often develops from diaper rash. In addition to measles, rubella and varicella, viral dermatoses in children include herpes simplex or infections with Papillomavirus. Characteristic cutaneous alterations may also be caused by parasites, such as the scabies (itch) mite, and the head louse.
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PMID:[Infectious skin diseases in childhood. 1: Bacteria and fungi]. 1213 69


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