Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Atopic dermatitis often requires long-term treatment. This European, multicentre, non-comparative, 24-month, follow-up study investigated the efficacy and safety of 0.1% tacrolimus ointment applied to adults with atopic dermatitis. Patients (n=672) applied a thin layer of 0.1% tacrolimus ointment twice daily for 3 weeks to all affected body areas. After 3 weeks, ointment was applied once daily. Clinical improvement became apparent after 2 weeks of treatment and 65.5% of patients had a rating of clearance, excellent or marked improvement by month 3. Skin burning (31.7%) was the most common causally-related adverse event, followed by pruritus (11.3%) folliculitis (6.4%), alcohol intolerance (5.7%), herpes simplex (5.7%), skin infection (4.6%), skin erythema (3.3%) and hyperaesthesia (2.4%). The most commonly reported infections were flu syndrome (12.9%), skin infection (9.8%), folliculitis (7.4%) and herpes simplex (7.0%). Long-term treatment up to 24 months with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment is safe and efficacious in adults with atopic dermatitis.
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PMID:Long-term treatment with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment in adults with atopic dermatitis: results of a two-year, multicentre, non-comparative study. 1772 47

Urinary and faecal incontinence affects a significant portion of the elderly population. The increase in the incidence of incontinence is not only dependent on age but also on the onset of concomitant ageing issues such as infection, polypharmacy, and decreased cognitive function. If incontinence is left untreated, a host of dermatological complications can occur, including incontinence dermatitis, dermatological infections, intertrigo, vulvar folliculitis, and pruritus ani. The presence of chronic incontinence can produce a vicious cycle of skin damage and inflammation because of the loss of cutaneous integrity. Minimizing skin damage caused by incontinence is dependent on successful control of excess hydration, maintenance of proper pH, minimization of interaction between urine and faeces, and prevention of secondary infection. Even though incontinence is common in the aged, it is not an inevitable consequence of ageing but a disorder that can and should be treated. Appropriate clinical management of incontinence can help seniors continue to lead vital active lives as well as avoid the cutaneous sequelae of incontinence.
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PMID:Incontinence in the aged: contact dermatitis and other cutaneous consequences. 1786 12

Cetuximab is a recombinant human/mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody that targets the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Cetuximab is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of EGFR-expressing metastatic colorectal cancer as monotherapy in patients who are intolerant to irinotecan-based chemotherapy, or in combination with irinotecan in patients who are refractory to irinotecan-based chemotherapy. Due to the important role of the EGFR in skin homeostasis, cutaneous reactions are a common adverse effect of cetuximab, mainly as acneiform follicular eruption seen in almost 85% of patients. We report on a 46-year-old female Caucasian patient with metastatic colorectal cancer, referred to our department for acneiform eruption induced by cetuximab in combination with irinotecan. Four days after the first infusion the patient developed intense acneiform eruption consisting of erythematous follicular papules and pustules spread to the face, neck and upper part of the trunk, accompanied by intense pruritus and fever (38.0 degrees C). There were no comedones. Biopsy specimen revealed superficial and florid neutrophilic suppurative folliculitis. She was treated with erythromycin tablet 600 mg, three times a day for 1 month, and topical clindamycin solution 3%. After 1 month of treatment, the lesions consistently faded, and the patient continued receiving immunochemotherapy.
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PMID:Acneiform eruption induced by cetuximab. 1809 54

The Clobex Spray Community-Based Research Assessment (COBRA) trial, a large, 4-week, open-label, observational trial, evaluated the use of twice-daily clobetasol propionate spray 0.05% in subjects with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis affecting 3% to 20% body surface area (BSA). The study was designed to augment existing phase 3 clinical trial data. In this trial, 1254 subjects in the effectiveness-evaluable (EE) population were treated with clobetasol propionate spray 0.05% as monotherapy. Clinical effectiveness was evaluated at weeks 2 and 4 using a 6-point target plaque severity (TPS) scale and 7-point investigators' global assessment of improvement (GAI) scale. Psoriasis TPS at week 0 (baseline) was rated as moderate to severe in more than 90% of subjects. After 2 weeks of clobetasol propionate spray 0.05% monotherapy, statistically significant improvement in TPS was seen at weeks 2 and 4 (P < .001). In addition, statistically significant improvement was seen at week 4 versus week 2 (P < .001) using the GAI scale. Clobetasol propionate spray 0.05% monotherapy was well-tolerated as assessed by erythema, peeling/scaling, dryness, stinging/burning, telangiectasia, skin atrophy, pruritus, and folliculitis. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders as well as general disorders and application-site conditions defined as possibly or probably related to therapy occurred in 1.0% and less than 1.0% of subjects, respectively. In addition, more than 90% of subjects were reported by investigators as being very satisfied or somewhat satisfied with their treatment at week 4. Based on these data, clobetasol propionate spray 0.05% is an effective and convenient topical monotherapy for moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.
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PMID:Topical monotherapy with clobetasol propionate spray 0.05% in the COBRA trial. 1815 19

Any pruritus occurring in pregnant women may represent a sensorial manifestation unrelated to pregnancy, but it may represent the consequence of a pregnancy-specific dermatosis. This latter group encompass pruritus gravidarum with or without intrahepatic cholestasis, pemphigoid gestationis, polymorphic eruption of pregnancy, prurigo gestationis, acute folliculitis of pregnancy, impetigo herpetiformis and the progesterone auto-immune dermatitis. Fetal risk of morbidity is recognized for pruritus gravidarum with intrahepatic cholestasis, pemphigoid gestationis and impetigo herpetiformis.
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PMID:[How I explore...pruritus in a pregnant woman]. 1828 48

Non-venereal dermatoses tend to be confused with venereal diseases, which may be responsible for mental distress and guilt feelings in patients. We conducted the study to find the pattern of non-venereal dermatoses of female external genitalia and to correlate non-venereal dermatoses with various clinical parameters. The study included 120 female patients with non-venereal dermatoses of female external genitalia presenting over a period of 22 months from September 2005 to June 2007. The demographic characteristics and clinical findings were recorded. Cases having venereal diseases were excluded from the study. A total of nineteen non-venereal dermatoses were noted in the study. The most common non-venereal dermatoses were lichen sclerosus (26 cases or 21.7%), vitiligo (19 cases or 15.8%), lichen simplex chronicus (16 cases or 13.3%), and vulval candidiasis (11 or 9.2%). Other dermatoses included lymphedema, invasive squamous cell carcinoma, tinea cruris, psoriasis, furuncle, folliculitis, lichen planus, epidermal inclusion cyst, herpes zoster, irritant contact dermatitis, acrochordon, Bartholin cyst, fibroepithelial stromal polyp, molluscum contagiosum (autoinoculated), and streptococcal vulvitis. This study highlights the importance of diagnosing non-venereal dermatoses and refutes the general misconception that all vulval itching is the result of fungal infection. The two most common causes of vulval itching observed in the study were lichen sclerosus and lichen simplex chronicus.
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PMID:Pattern of non-venereal dermatoses of female external genitalia in South India. 1831 18

Broadband ultraviolet B (BB-UVB) phototherapy has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of cutaneous disorders including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, uremic pruritus and idiopathic pruritus. In the last decade, there has been a rapidly escalating process of replacing BB-UVB phototherapy units with narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) equipment, as studies have demonstrated that NB-UVB (ranging from 311 mm to 312 nm) is more efficacious in the treatment of psoriasis. Nevertheless, it is important to recognize the efficacy of BB-UVB phototherapy in the treatment of uremic pruritus, idiopathic pruritus, eosinophilic folliculitis and other inflammatory pruritic conditions. Furthermore, as highlighted in this report, there is a small but significant proportion of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis patients who do not tolerate NB-UVB but demonstrate an excellent clinical response to BB-UVB. It is critical for dermatologists to recognize the role of BB-UVB as a complement to NB-UVB phototherapy for patients who cannot tolerate or experience an inadequate therapeutic response from NB-UVB.
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PMID:Broadband UVB revisited: is the narrowband UVB fad limiting our therapeutic options? 1989 27

Moderate to severe psoriasis often requires systemic treatment, but even biologic medications do not always induce complete clearing in patients. In many instances, physicians supplement biologic treatment with topical agents as adjunctive therapy to obtain additional clearing of plaques. To evaluate the effectiveness of the addition of a superpotent corticosteroid--clobetasol propionate spray 0.05%--to various psoriasis treatments, a phase 4, multicenter, open-label, community-based trial was conducted. In this study, clobetasol propionate spray 0.05% applied twice daily was added on to a variety of existing stable treatments including systemic biologic agents in participants with moderate, severe, or very severe plaque psoriasis. The decision to add clobetasol propionate spray 0.05% to stable psoriasis therapy was determined by each investigator based on his/her evaluation of a participant's needs. A total of 159 participants from the trial adhered to stable (> or = 3 months' duration) therapeutic regimens that included a biologic treatment. In this population, at the end of the study period, 81.0% of participants with moderate disease at baseline, 79.5% of participants with severe disease at baseline, and 58.8% of participants with very severe disease at baseline were rated as clear or almost clear (target plaque severity [TPS]). Worst skin tolerability response was assessed postbaseline and included erythema (20.3% mild, 8.9% moderate, 1.9% severe), peeling (26.6% mild, 7.0% moderate, 1.3% severe), dryness (34.8% mild, 8.9% moderate, 1.3% severe), and stinging (25.3% mild, 3.8% moderate, 0.6% severe). Telangiectasia and skin atrophy were reported in 1.3% of participants each at some point during the study (postbaseline). Pruritus was reported in 7.6% of participants and folliculitis was reported in 1.9% of participants. Eight participants experienced adverse events (AEs) that were regarded as probably related to the study medication (clobetasol propionate spray 0.05%). Because those participants who entered the study already were receiving one medication (the biologic agent), it is believed that most of the reported AEs were due to the addition of clobetasol propionate spray 0.05%, and those AEs associated with the biologic agent and/or the combination of the two may be underreported. Although the results of this study are intriguing, further research is needed to evaluate if the addition of topical therapies, such as superpotent corticosteroids, are effective and safe options for treating psoriasis plaques when control with biologic therapy is not fully effective on its own.
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PMID:Clobetasol propionate spray 0.05% add-on therapy to a stable regimen of biologic treatment in patients with moderate to very severe plaque psoriasis. 1991 99

50 male patients, diagnosed to have chronic folliculitis of legs (CFL), were included in a clinico epidemiological study. CFL affected predominantly young adults of the age group of 16 - 25 years. Severe pruritus was associated in 86% of patients with CFL, and this symptom preceded the onset of new lesions. Follicular papules were seen more often than pustules in 58% of patients. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 72.5%. The lesions were confined to both legs in 50%, extending upto thigh in 28% and in legs, thighs and forearms in 10% of individuals studied.
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PMID:Chronic folliculitis - A clinico-epidemiological study. 2094 61

Chemotherapeutic agents targeting the human epidermal receptor (HER) family are being used with increasing frequency for a variety of solid tumors. Cutaneous side effects are commonly reported with HER inhibitors, especially those agents that inhibit epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or HER1. However, inhibitors of HER2 are not associated with specific skin toxicity. We present a case of tufted hair folliculitis, an inflammatory scalp condition causing scaling and pruritus, in a woman being treated with trastuzumab, a selective HER2 inhibitor. This finding has not previously been reported as a side effect of trastuzumab therapy.
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PMID:Tufted hair folliculitis in a woman treated with trastuzumab. 2094 75


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