Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cutaneous manifestations of schistosomiasis can be produced by human and nonhuman species. They can occur in the invasive stage or oviposition stage. Manifestations in the invasive stage are non-specific and include: 1. severe itching 2. Generalized anaphylactiod reaction with urticarial or erythema multiforme-like eruption. Manifestations in the stage of oviposition are specific and include: 1. Genital and perigenital granulomata; 2. Extragenital cutaneous schistosomal granulomata occurring in sites away from the portocaval anastomoses. The clinical and the histopathologic picture are described. The possible mechanisms of ectopic localisation of schistosomal granulomata are discussed.
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PMID:Cutaneous schistosomiasis. 118 Nov 71

Dimethyl cyanocarbonimidodithioate (CAS No. 10191-60-3) a raw material for cimetidine synthesis, is labelled as an irritant on its storage tank. There is no information available regarding the toxic effects of human exposure. We report a case of severe dermatitis clinically resembling erythema multiforme following an accidental exposure to dimethyl cyanocarbonimidodithioate in an occupational setting. A clerk sifted a handful of dimethyl cyanocarbonimidodithioate from an unlabelled bucket through his bare hands during an inspection prior to customs clearance. Five hours later, while he was washing his hands, pruritus, erythema and vesicles developed over the exposed area. The skin condition worsened within two weeks, extending to his whole body with generalized erythema and vesicles of various sizes. Some vesicles became confluent with ruptured bullae, resembling a second degree burn over 40% of the body. Elevation of the serum IgE (705 mu/mL, normal less than 300 mu/mL) and lymphocyte activation with an increased 3H-thymidine uptake by the patient's mononuclear cells suggested that this episode resulted from a cell-mediated allergic skin reaction. The skin lesions improved progressively after systemic steroid therapy for about two weeks. Dimethyl cyanocarbonimidodithioate is used as a raw material for cimetidine synthesis by some pharmaceutical manufacturers. Our experience suggests that a severe reaction similar to that caused by another H2-blocker, ranitidine and its intermediate may be caused by dimethyl cyanocarbonimidodithioate in occupational exposures. Systemic steroid administration is beneficial in treatment.
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PMID:Dermatitis caused by dimethyl cyanocarbonimidodithioate. 135 16

Anti-hypertensive drugs, including diuretics and beta-blocking drugs, belong to a group of therapeutics used by about a fourth of the Danish population. As with cytostatics, antibiotics, and topical remedies, they rather frequently cause adverse drug reactions (ADR) in the skin. No exact statistical information is available concerning the extent of such side effects. The information obtained by Danish National Board of Health's Committee on Adverse Drug Reactions shows that 10-60% of ADR from diuretics, beta-blocking agents, and anti-hypertensive drugs are dermatological. The skin symptoms are not unique for any specific drug. But certain symptoms occur more frequently than others. Thiazides can give vasculitis, a phototoxic/-allergic eruption, erythema multiforme, or eczema. The combination of amiloride (5 mg) and hydrochlorothiazide (50 mg) carries the highest number of recorded ADR; 59% of these are in the skin. Half of the skin ADR are phototoxic eczema. Furosemide may give eczema, purpura, a bullous eruption, or Steven-Johnson's syndrome in rare cases. Methyldopa can induce eczematous eruptions on hands and feet, a lichenoid eruption, a lupus erythematosus-like eruption, or purpura. Hydralazine may give lupus erythematosus-like eruptions, eczema, or urticaria. Non-specific beta-blocking drugs can induce a morbilliform rash and may aggravate psoriasis. Captopril may induce pruritus in up to 15% of the patients and skin eruptions in 2%. The most serious dermatological side effect, exfoliative dermatitis, is very rarely seen following the use of anti-hypertensive drugs or diuretics.
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PMID:Adverse reactions in the skin from anti-hypertensive drugs. 289 92

In many countries, increasing rates of skin eruptions are attributed to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). They are usually mild, and life-threatening reactions such as Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare. The commonest reactions are pruritus, morbilliform rashes, urticaria and photosensitivity. Urticaria is most frequent in salicylate-sensitive patients, and photosensitivity--a real clinical problem with benoxaprofen--is mainly a phototoxic reaction, predictable from preclinical studies. Other skin reactions are unusual although purpura and cutaneous vasculitis have been attributed to NSAIDs. The main concern is bullous drug reactions--erythema multiforme (EM), SJS and TEN. Whilst EM and SJS have many other causes besides drugs, most cases of TEN are drug-induced. NSAIDs have played an increasing role in the aetiology of TEN and it may be that drugs with a longer serum half-life carry higher risk, especially when administered to patients for infectious complaints who have a predisposing genetic background (HLA-B12). In pre- and post-marketing studies of a new drug, careful attention must be paid to the nature of side-effects, as a high rate of mild reactions belonging to the EM spectrum may be indicative of higher risks of SJS and TEN.
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PMID:Clinical aspects of skin reactions to NSAIDs. 296 Oct 55

Drug-induced cutaneous reactions encompass a wide variety of rashes that depend in part on route of administration (e.g., contact versus systemic) as well as type of cutaneous response and molecular mechanism underlying the reaction. One such reaction is a type IV immunologic reaction (delayed hypersensitivity) manifest as contact dermatitis and commonly elicited by drugs such as antihistamines, antibiotic ointments, local anesthetics, and paraben esters in cosmetic creams and lotions. A generalized eruption of this sort will occasionally occur with systemic administration of a drug to someone previously sensitized by topical application. Systemic administration of agents can cause nonspecific pruritus or maculopapular eruptions that resemble visual exanthemas. The pathogenesis is unclear and no immune mechanism has been demonstrated. If the drug is continued, exfoliative dermatitis can result. Other types of reactions are urticarial in nature and include acute urticaria/angioedema, erythema multiforme (bullous and nonbullous), Stevens-Johnson syndrome, urticaria in association with serum sickness-like reactions, and urticaria associated with anaphylactoid reactions. In many of these, an allergic reaction in which there is an immunoglobulin (Ig) E-dependent release of mediators in the skin causes hives or swelling. In others, circulating immune complexes may be present, often involving IgG antibody complexed with drug and complement fixation; hives may then be caused by anaphylatoxin release or a concomitant IgE-mediated reaction. In some instances, a cellular reaction may augment the aforementioned inflammatory reactions, perhaps as part of a late-phase reaction or a true delayed hypersensitivity component.
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PMID:Drug-induced skin disease. 623 77

Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP) was recently defined as an intensely pruritic cutaneous eruption occurring in the third trimester. We are reporting fifteen additional cases of this distinctive eruption. The lesions began in the third trimester in all but two patients. The rash consisted of a symmetric eruption of papules, urticarial lesions, and some erythema multiforme-like target lesions. Histologic examination showed a mild nonspecific lymphohistiocytic perivasculitis. Moderate or intense pruritus was present in all but one case. The abdomen and proximal extremities were most commonly involved, but two patients had lesions only on the lower legs. Clearing occurred prior to delivery (five cases), within 1 week of delivery (nine cases), and at 6 weeks postpartum (one case). The pruritus was decreased with topical corticosteroids and diphenhydramine in all cases except one. Fetal wastage did not occur. Subsequent pregnancies were uneventful in two patients. PUPPP is a benign dermatosis of pregnancy which resolves spontaneously or with delivery.
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PMID:Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP). A clinicopathologic study. 728 54

Two cases of tuberculoid leprosy who developed erythema multiforme bullosum (EMB) due to Dapsone (DDS) is reported. Burning and itching sensations were found to be the prominent prodromal symptoms. The patients gave history of urticaria and bronchial asthma. Salient clinical features and further management of the cases by desensitization with slow induction to DDS under cover of steroids and antihistamines have been discussed.
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PMID:Erythema multiforme bullosum due to dapsone. 745 43

Twenty eight human cases of orf were studied from clinical and epidemiological points of view. Most of the patients were shepherds who were inoculated from infected animals during all seasons of the year. Typical lesions of different stages of orf were located on the hands, and were accompanied by local symptoms such as pain, pruritus, lymphangitis and adenitis, or less frequently by systemic symptoms such as fever or malaise. Two cases developed erythema multiforme, one developed erysipelas and another a papulovesicular eruption. Tzanck test may contribute to the diagnosis. The course of the disease can not be influenced by antibiotics, and only measures of local hygiene are recommended, except in complicated cases.
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PMID:Orf. Clinical and epidemiological study. 808 Apr 15

We report a case of chronic bullous dermatosis of children, a benign dermatologic disease of infancy of unknown etiology, characterized, on IIF, by linear deposits of immunoglobulins in the Basement Membrane Zone of cutis, and clinically by a ring shaped disposition of bullae (rosette-like). This work concerns a ten year old girl admitted to the pediatric ward at E. Agnelli Hospital of Pinerolo (Turin) about one year ago, who started having perioral bullous eruption, subsequently spread all over the body skin, with general symptoms of fever and itching. Round erythematous plaques, crusts, and a ring disposition of sausage-shaped subepidermal bullae were suggestive of CBDC. Diagnosis was confirmed by cutaneous biopsy and DIF. Corticosteroids, given for about six mths., and DDS in the last four mths. of treatment, quickly changed the course of the disease, which has not recurred for about one year. Differential diagnosis with other bullous dermatoses of 2nd and 3rd childhood has been addressed to bacterial and viral diseases as well as to toxico-allergic and autoimmune diseases, the latter rarely seen by Pediatricians. Among those we discuss on clinical and anatomopathological aspects of Dermatitis herpetiformis, Erythema multiforme, Pemphigus and Pemphigoid, with regard to different anatomic sites of bullous lesions and to pathogenesis involved immunoglobulins and skin antigens.
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PMID:[Chronic bullous dermatoses of childhood in the differential diagnosis of bullous dermatitis in children]. 856 41

A whole spectrum of various clinical and laboratory disorders in patients with skin changes, may present systemic disease manifestations. Serological parameters correlate with the progression of the disease. Authors present cases with unusual skin lesions and abnormal laboratory findings, that were presumed to be manifestations of the systemic disease progression. The first case is a report of a patient age 44, female with dermatomyositis that started suddenly from full health with generalized linear bluish dark erythematous lesion like excoriations, periocular heliotrope violaceous to dusky erythematous rash with edema in a symmetrical distribution involving periorbital skin with no pruritus, diagnosed on admission as the case of acute urticarica. In the second report, a 17-year old female was referred to us because of a spread up linear sclerodermia followed by high immunological disturbances. Our third case was a 21-year old female with a systemic lupus erythematous--Rowell syndrome, with skin lesions of erythema multiforme type with some similarities to dermatitis herpetiformis on the first examination.
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PMID:[Systemic diseases: evaluation of important laboratory parameters in 3 cases with unusual skin changes]. 869 84


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