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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The preliminary results of a survey carried out by the Institutes of Dermatology of Bari and Florence Universities and by the Clinica del Lavoro of Milan University are analyzed. The survey, whose aim is to identify the causes of contact dermatitis on housewives' hands and whose conclusions are forecasted for June 1990, will examine 1,650 female people, 1,050 of which are ill and 600 are case-controls. The results of the first 617 cases (514 ill and 103 case-controls) are reported. The anamnesis has shown that the hands (in 488 cases) are the most affected part of the body, that the most frequent symptoms are itch and burning sensation (in 410 cases), and that cosmetics, followed by detergents and softeners, are considered by the patients among the products more responsible for these symptoms. The allergic tests, even if with a different percentage of incidence, have shown metals (above all nickel), rubber additives and resins as the main aptens. Another survey, also in progress, concerning the search of metals in detergents and in washing waters for pollution caused by abrasives, pots, Inox sinks, pipes and tabs of the water system, is reported.
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PMID:[Contact dermatitis of the hands in housewives: preliminary data of a multicenter study]. 251 41

Protein contact dermatitis, described as "gut eczema" or "fat eczema" by slaughterhouse workers, was first described a decade ago and presents as an itching, vescular eczema on the hands and fingers, a few hours after contact with animal material, especially gut material. In a cross-sectional study of 144 slaughterhouse workers, a cumulative prevalence of current and anamnestic cases of protein contact dermatitis of 22% was found, with the highest prevalence in workers eviscerating and cleansing gut. The scratch patch test was the only skin test showing positive results in workers with protein contact dermatitis, positive reactions being found, however, in less than half the cases.
Contact Dermatitis 1989 Oct
PMID:Protein contact dermatitis in slaughterhouse workers. 253 13

Allergic contact dermatitis is a classical type IV delayed hypersensitivity immune response. This cell-mediated response is also known as hapten-type delayed hypersensitivity. Allergic contact dermatitis may be viewed as hyperreactivity of the skin immune system. In the present view of allergic contact dermatitis, individuals are born in a state of tolerance to environmental haptenic allergens. During life, sensitization to any hapten(s) may occur. Subsequent elicitation of a sensitized individual then leads to dermatitis, often accompanied by severe pruritus. Human epidermal Langerhans cells play a central role during the sensitization stage. These antigen presenting dendritic cells, loaded with environmental haptens, continuously leave the epidermis through the lymph vessels and, upon arrival in the paracortical T-cell areas of the skin draining lymph nodes, they differentiate into interdigitating cells. There is now in-vitro evidence for such a maturation of human Langerhans cells into interdigitating cells. Any given individual may be sensitized to any particular hapten by this route. Allergic contact dermatitis is probably a skin-specific disease because of the capacity of Langerhans/interdigitating cells to induce relatively naive T-cells to become memory T-cells. Factors determining the ultimate outcome in this continuous hapten presenting process, i.e. whether or not the original state of tolerance will persist, are still enigmatic. During elicitation, when the allergenic hapten is applied epicutaneously to a sensitized individual, a focal accumulation of immune response associated cells producing a wide variety of cytokines and inflammatory mediators ultimately results in the clinical condition of allergic contact dermatitis. Langerhans cells do not seem to play a major role during this stage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Immunology of contact dermatitis. 269 11

To examine the occurrence of latex allergen in condoms and to study the symptoms caused by contact with condoms, 46 patients with latex-glove contact urticaria (LGCU) were investigated. 7 (24%) of the 29 patients with a history of condom use had experienced local swelling and/or pruritus during intercourse, confirming that condoms can cause local symptoms in latex allergic subjects. Prick tests performed on 16 different condom brands showed that 4 brands caused positive reactions in 52-67% of patients. The remaining 12 brands were not as allergenic and 1 brand was totally negative on prick testing. 1 highly allergenic condom brand was examined by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), which showed similar protein profiles to those detectable in latex gloves and natural rubber. These results show that, in addition to rubber gloves and balloons, condoms should also be considered as possible sources of latex, and that patients with LGCU should be advised to avoid condoms.
Contact Dermatitis 1989 May
PMID:Condoms as a source of latex allergen and cause of contact urticaria. 262 May 20

Scratch tests with different fish products (fish juice from fillets, meat (fillet), skin, slime, juice from fish boxes and hold in the fishing boats, and entrails) were performed in 145 volunteers. All fish products were able to cause irritant skin reactions. Itching and erythema were the predominant symptoms and severe itch reactions occurred more often than severe erythema. The symptoms, in general, were mild to moderate compared to histamine. We found that the postmortem age of the fish was of great importance to the frequency and severity of the symptoms. Only the protein fraction of fish products caused symptoms. Our results are in accordance with the subjective complaints and clinical findings among workers in the fish processing industry.
Contact Dermatitis 1989 Sep
PMID:Skin irritancy from fish is related to its postmortem age. 279 41

We have studied the influence of cold exposure on itch, erythema and wheal, in response to histamine scratch tests, in 14 volunteers. Cooling of the skin to less than 20 degrees C, by application of an ice cube for 30 min on the inside of the forearm, abolished itch and reduced erythema by approximately 50%, whereas the size of the wheal was unaffected by cooling. The observations bear significance for an explanation of the well-known observation that cold relieves itch. A normal itch response seems to require a continuous metabolic process in the skin, which is inhibited at temperatures less than 20 degrees C. The skin symptoms, itching and erythema, among workers in the fish processing industry are mainly localized to the forearms and backs of the hands, but only seldom to the fingers and palms, although they are in direct contact with fish products. Skin temperature measurements have shown that the temperature on the fingers and palms is less than 20 degrees C, while the temperature on the backs of the hands and forearms ranges from 25 to 30 degrees C. We therefore conclude that the skin temperature is an important factor for the location of skin symptoms among workers in the fish processing industry.
Contact Dermatitis 1989 Sep
PMID:The relevance of low skin temperature inhibiting histamine-induced itch to the location of contact urticarial symptoms in the fish processing industry. 279 42

Poison ivy contact dermatitis is fairly common in the suburbia of this country among amateur gardeners and children. It commonly inflicts its poison on the exposed parts of the limbs. The vesicular or bullous skin lesions are quite disturbingly itchy. Scratching the itchy lesions often spreads the condition by transplanting the remanent resinous toxin to other parts of the body. Though they are usually self-limiting, the intense itch is the main motivation for a patient to seek medical care. The conventional treatment is basically ineffective. During the summer of 1987 we treated four such cases of dermatitis with acupuncture upon their request to mollify their unbearable itch. They originally consulted with us for other problems. There were three males and one female. Their ages were between 29 and 63. Three cases were relatively mild and the fourth one was fairly severe. In the milder cases, their itch subsided in a few hours and skin lesions were healed in about two days after one treatment. In the severe case the itch subsided in about two days and most of the skin lesions dried up in four days after the first treatment and were healed almost completely after three sessions of acupuncture treatment. The plausible anti-inflammatory mechanism of acupuncture with the involvement of ACTH and/or cortisol was discussed.
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PMID:Acupuncture for poison ivy contact dermatitis. A clinical case report. 289 97

51.4% of 1,954 grain elevator workers surveyed in 1978 and 1979 complained of pruritus following exposure to grain dusts. 95% of 796 grain elevator workers surveyed in 1985 noted that pruritus following exposure to grain dust was of short duration. Exposure to barley dust and oat dust provoked the greatest number of complaints. Those with a past history of infantile eczema were significantly more likely to complain. Younger workers were more likely to complain than older workers. 13.1% of those surveyed in 1985 complained of a rash following exposure, in 35% of whom it lasted more than 1 day. Nasal congestion, ocular and oropharyngeal irritation were also frequent complaints.
Contact Dermatitis 1986 Mar
PMID:Questionnaire survey of pruritus and rash in grain elevator workers. 294 61

Over the past six years we have practised the examination of standard allergen patch test for patients with allergic contact dermatitis or other contact skin diseases and report the data in this paper. Three hundred and ninety-four patients, who complained of itching and skin legion due to contact with chemical agents were examined. Following the widespread use of the patch test procedure, we used eighteen standard allergenic agents and about eighty percent of these patients showed positive reaction. Furthermore, over fifty percent of the patients manifested positive reaction to the plural allergenic agents. The highest percentage of positive reaction was found in the 30-40 years old patients. Of the series of allergenic agents, urushiol caused the highest positive reaction. Among other agents, metal group, e.g., cobalt chloride, and formalin were also high. Many positive patients to paraphenylendiamine (PPI) were engaged in the occupations associated with PPD. This evidence indicates that the materials that are frequently treated at the place of work or homelife play a major role in the pathogenesis of allergic contact skin diseases.
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PMID:[Result of patch test and allergic contact dermatitis--statistics over the past six years]. 295 60

5 commercial products were tested pairwise as prophylaxis against itching and irritation from glass fibres: a commercial cream for glass fibre itching, a silicone spray, an emollient cream, a fatty ointment, and a "cream-ointment". The preparations were found to have very limited value in protection against glass fibre irritation. Some workers even experienced exacerbated itching from all the preparations, including the cream marketed for protection against glass fibre irritation. Only 25% of a group of workers with severe glass fibre itching still used an emollient cream after 12 weeks.
Contact Dermatitis 1987 Aug
PMID:Glass fibre irritation and protective creams. 295 34


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