Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The feasibility of using infra-red thermography for early and out of season detection of summer seasonal recurrent dermatitis (sweet itch) was tested on 13 sensitive and six insensitive horses in Israel. In summer (June, July and September) six affected mares and two unaffected sensitive mares (one of them a pony) were clearly 'warmer' in the affected zones than three insensitive mares. In winter (February and March) unaffected sensitive horses could be differentiated from insensitive mares by the warm areas detected in the affected zones. Small numbers of Culicoides imicola bites may have been the cause of the local heat reactions of the body that were detected by the infra-red radiometer.
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PMID:Potential of infra-red thermography for the detection of summer seasonal recurrent dermatitis (sweet itch) in horses. 259 60

Seventy seven patients affected by postphlebitic syndrome (PPS) during acute inflammatory and/or obstructive complications were controlled. Thirty nine patients were treated with a new low molecular weight heparin (Fluxum), 16,000 I.U. AXa/day subcutaneously for 10 days and, subsequently, 8,000 I.U. AXa/day subcutaneously for up to 50 days. Thirty eight patients were treated with 20,000 I.U./day i.v. for 10 days of sodium heparin and, subsequently, with 12,500 I.U./day of calcium heparin by subcutaneous injection for up to 50 days. Clinical symptoms (pain, oedema, hyperemia, rashes, itching, dermatitis, ulceration) and instrumental patterns (Doppler) were recorded. Fluxum had an evident effect on the improvement of patient's clinical performance during acute complications of PPS.
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PMID:Antithrombotic treatment during acute inflammatory complications of patients affected by postphlebitic syndrome: LMW-heparin versus standard heparin. 285 Mar 25

Poison ivy contact dermatitis is fairly common in the suburbia of this country among amateur gardeners and children. It commonly inflicts its poison on the exposed parts of the limbs. The vesicular or bullous skin lesions are quite disturbingly itchy. Scratching the itchy lesions often spreads the condition by transplanting the remanent resinous toxin to other parts of the body. Though they are usually self-limiting, the intense itch is the main motivation for a patient to seek medical care. The conventional treatment is basically ineffective. During the summer of 1987 we treated four such cases of dermatitis with acupuncture upon their request to mollify their unbearable itch. They originally consulted with us for other problems. There were three males and one female. Their ages were between 29 and 63. Three cases were relatively mild and the fourth one was fairly severe. In the milder cases, their itch subsided in a few hours and skin lesions were healed in about two days after one treatment. In the severe case the itch subsided in about two days and most of the skin lesions dried up in four days after the first treatment and were healed almost completely after three sessions of acupuncture treatment. The plausible anti-inflammatory mechanism of acupuncture with the involvement of ACTH and/or cortisol was discussed.
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PMID:Acupuncture for poison ivy contact dermatitis. A clinical case report. 289 97

We examined the effects of long-term percutaneous epidural catheterization for pain relief in nine terminally ill gynecologic cancer patients. All patients were free of side-effects such as respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, urinary retention, or pruritus. Analgesia was excellent in six patients. Puncture-site skin inflammation occurred in four patients. Catheter dislodgement occurred in three patients. Although percutaneous epidural catheters were well tolerated in a few patients for an extended period of time, the frequency of catheter problems demonstrate that other methods such as catheter tunneling or implantable systems should be considered for long-term epidural administration of narcotics. This method appears to be most effective in patients suffering from pain due to nerve root involvement.
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PMID:Percutaneous epidural catheterization for intractable pain in terminal cancer patients. 290 44

Eighteen patients affected by itching, urticaria, eczema, angioedema, and asthma related to food-stuff intake were studied and classified in two groups (true food allergy and pseudoallergy) on the basis of clinical data, skin prick tests, total and specific IgE levels (PRIST and RAST) and double-blind challenge test. Autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) and T cell activation markers were thought to be tests possibly useful to discriminate between 'true' food allergy and 'pseudoallergy'. The present study failed to show either a significant increase in T cell activation markers (MLR4, Ia) or a significant decrease in AMLR proliferation in such subjects as compared to normal controls. In addition, we found no differences between 'true' allergic and 'pseudoallergic' patients on the basis of the parameters evaluated. Although the AMLR defect was reported both in asthma and in dermatitis, and therefore was thought to be related to atopy, the present data do not confirm this hypothesis in 'true' food allergy.
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PMID:T cell activation surface markers and autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction do not differ in true and pseudo food allergy. 295 85

A 9-year-old female dog with progressive pruritic dermatitis was examined 9 months after primidone treatment had been initiated. Alopecia, scaling, ulceration, pigmentation, and fissuring were evident over the dorsal trunk, head, perineum, caudal aspect of the thighs, hocks, elbows, and paws. Hydropic degeneration of epidermal basal cells, mononuclear lichenoid infiltrate in the superficial dermis, and marked parakeratotic hyperkeratosis were evident on biopsy. Antinuclear antibody in the serum was not detected and specific patterns of immunoglobulin deposition in the epidermis or basement membrane zone were lacking. Primidone-induced dermatitis was presumptively diagnosed. Successful treatment involved withdrawal of the primidone and administration of corticosteroids and antibiotics to relieve the pruritus and to eliminate the secondary pyoderma.
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PMID:Dermatitis associated with the use of primidone in a dog. 295 26

The prevalence of occupational skin disease was found to be 3.8% in a study of 479 sanders in the furniture-making industry in Singapore. 17 species of wood imported from South East Asia were used. The most common dermatoses from wood dust were pruritus (1.6%), irritant contact dermatitis (1.6%) and xerosis (1.4%). 2 sanders had miliaria. None had allergic contact dermatitis from wood dust. The arms and trunk were the most common site for pruritus and dermatitis from wood dust. It appeared that the woods commonly used in the furniture making industry are weak sensitizers. Appropriate preventive measures against irritant dermatitis such as dust control, protective clothing, and good personal hygiene should be adequate to prevent occupational dermatoses among the sanders.
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PMID:Occupational dermatosis among sanders in the furniture industry. 296 20

Atopic dermatitis is clearly characterized by altered cutaneous physiologic responses. There is a tendency to acral vasoconstriction. Rubbing causes skin pallor and white dermographism. Vascular instability is demonstrated by responses to cholinergic agents, histamine, and nicotinates. Psychophysiologic studies demonstrate exaggerated vasodilator responses to emotional stress with consequent pruritus and scratching. The itch threshold is low, duration is prolonged, and nighttime scratching movements may be frequent or almost continuous. Regardless of the inciting trigger factors, the scratching causes the damage and the severe dermatitis. Thermal as well as emotional stimuli to sweating cause severe itching in AD, yet the concept of a miliaria-type, poral occlusion mechanism remains unproven. Some studies suggest actually increased sweating along with erythema and pruritus during acute flares of AD. The concept of sweat-borne allergens causing skin reactions during sweating is interesting but has never been proven. Studies of sweat responses to pharmacologic agents have produced conflicting data, and attempts to link these responses to Szentivanyi's beta-adrenergic blockade theory are not convincing. The numerous variables of climate, season, sex, age, and habitus affect sweating greatly. Future studies must carefully control for each of these factors before pharmacologically induced sweat responses can be interpreted clearly. A number of lines of evidence suggest involvement of histamine and other mediators in the evolution of erythema, pruritus, and scratching in AD. Flares of the condition have been reproducibly evoked by only two incitants: experimental emotional stress interviews and specific food challenge in selected sensitive individuals. In the latter, increased plasma histamine has been demonstrated, presumably generated by antigen/IgE stimulated degranulation of mast cells in the gut and/or skin. The demonstrated increased histamine releasability of basophils from atopic individuals may be the result of defective cellular regulatory mechanisms. Recent studies have demonstrated increased cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterase activity in leukocytes from atopic individuals. The resultant decreased intracellular cyclic AMP removes an inhibitory factor, which in turn causes net cellular hyperresponsiveness. This effect has been shown to account, at least in part, for increased histamine release from leukocytes of patients with AD. These and other studies focused upon cell functional regulation are providing better understanding of basic biochemical abnormalities and may lead to improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in managing atopic disease.
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PMID:Pharmacophysiology of atopic dermatitis. 300 74

In two prospective, randomized multicenter double-blind studies with a dosage of either 250 mg given four times a day (study A) or 500 mg given two times a day (study B), the comparative efficacy and safety of cephalexin hydrochloride (LY061188; Keftab) and cephalexin monohydrate (Keflex) for treatment of skin and soft tissue infections were determined. In study A, 97 patients received cephalexin hydrochloride and 101 patients received cephalexin monohydrate. In study B, 75 patients received cephalexin hydrochloride and 70 patients received cephalexin monohydrate. Diagnoses included abscesses, cellulitis, wound infections, and infected dermatitis, and were comparable in the different treatment groups. Pathogens were isolated from 82% of patients enrolled; the majority of isolates were of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, other staphylococcal species, and a few gram-negative bacteria. In study A, 68 of 71 (95.7%) evaluable patients who received cephalexin hydrochloride responded satisfactorily; 73 of 81 (90%) patients who received cephalexin monohydrate also responded satisfactorily. In study B, 56 of 58 (96.5%) evaluable patients who received cephalexin hydrochloride responded satisfactorily; 47 of 50 (94%) patients who received cephalexin monohydrate also responded satisfactorily. An adverse clinical event leading to discontinuation of the treatment drug developed in 17 of 343 (4.95%) patients in both studies. No differences were noted between the two drugs. Skin eruptions, pruritus, and mild gastrointestinal symptoms were the common adverse effects. These data suggest that cephalexin hydrochloride, a new formulation of cephalexin, is a safe and effective antimicrobial agent for treatment of a variety of skin and subcutaneous infections in a dosage of either 250 mg four times a day or 500 mg twice a day.
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PMID:Comparative study of cephalexin hydrochloride and cephalexin monohydrate in the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections. 304 84

Flea allergy dermatitis is one of the most common causes of pruritus in dogs and cats. The degree of pruritus observed in the allergic animal varies widely and is dependent on numerous factors. Management of the flea-allergic patient is extremely frustrating for the owner and the veterinarian. Establishing an organized flea control program for use on the patient and in the environment will help to avoid frustration when dealing with this common ectoparasite of cats and dogs.
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PMID:Flea allergy dermatitis. 305 42


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