Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The prevalence of macular edema and its relationship to a number of risk factors were examined in a population-based study in southern Wisconsin. Macular edema was determined from its presence on stereoscopic fundus photographs or from past history as recorded and documented in clinic records and photographs. For participants whose age at diagnosis of diabetes was less than 30 years and who were taking insulin (n = 919), prevalence rates of macular edema varied from 0% in those who had diabetes less than 5 years to 29% in those whose duration of diabetes was 20 or more years. In these persons, macular edema was associated with longer duration of diabetes, presence of proteinuria, diuretic use, male gender and higher glycosylated hemoglobin. For those whose age at diagnosis was 30 years or older (n = 1121), prevalence rates of macular edema varied from 3% in those who had diabetes less than 5 years to 28% in those whose duration of diabetes was 20 or more years. In these persons, presence of macular edema was associated with longer duration of diabetes, higher systolic blood pressure, insulin use, higher glycosylated hemoglobin, and presence of proteinuria.
 ...
PMID:The Wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy. IV. Diabetic macular edema. 652 86

The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb AI), intermittent glycemia and glycosuria over 24 hr, Mw index, fasting serum cholesterol and triglycerides, and 24-hr proteinuria were determined in 20 healthy subjects and 88 diabetics representing different clinical types of diabetes mellitus. In each of the subjects all the tests were carried out on a single day. The other investigations included endogenous creatinine clearance, ECG and ophthalmoscopic examination of the eye-fundus. The mean Hb AI levels in the "A" control group (up to 40 yr of age) and in the "B" control group (41-60 yr) were mean +/- SD = 6.8 +/- 0.65% and mean +/- SD = 6.49 +/- 0.99% of the total hemoglobin concentration, respectively. A significant increase in Hb AI concentration was found in all the diabetic patients. The increase, independent of the subject's age, clinical type of diabetes and the therapy employed, was related to the degree of hyperglycemia. In Type I diabetes there was no positive correlation between Hb AI concentration on the one hand and fasting glycemia, the 24-hr profile of glycemia, glycosuria and Mw index on the other. The latter indices of diabetes mellitus control seem thus to differ in value and significance. In Type II diabetes, both newly-diagnosed and of long duration, treated with the sulfonylurea derivatives, a marked correlation was found between Hb AI level and fasting glycemia, the mean value of 8 glycemia determinations over 24-hr, Mw index and 24-hr glycosuria. In Type II diabetes treated with insulin a correlation was established between Hb AI and other findings, except fasting glycemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb AI) as an indicator of therapy effects in different clinical types of diabetes. 664 47

Twenty-one male rabbits were divided into three groups: rabbits of two groups were given pelleted food containing cadmium chloride at a dose level of 300 micrograms Cd/g over periods of 44 or 19 weeks. Rabbits of the last group were given ordinary commercial pelleted food and served as controls. Cadmium increased urinary protein and amino acid by week 19 and increased it to a remarkably high level by week 44. After cessation of cadmium exposure, rabbits of the first group (44 weeks exposure group) showed only little recovery from cadmium health effects: proteinuria and aminoaciduria were slightly improved. Depressed hepatic functions were also slightly improved, but did not return to the control level in 24 weeks. Fat and bone metabolism also remained depressed below the control level. Anemia did not also readily recover. On the other hand, rabbits of the second group (19 weeks exposure) recovered from the effects of cadmium: proteinuria and aminoaciduria in most animals disappeared soon after the end of cadmium exposure, plasma GPT fell after 1 week, and hemoglobin and hematocrit returned to normal in 6-11 weeks. The above results show that after cessation of cadmium exposure, mild cadmium-induced health effects were reversible in a short period, while more severe effects were not readily reversible. High performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) profiles of renal and hepatic cadmium-thionein (Cd-MT) during and after exposure to cadmium showed no correlation to the degree of cadmium health effects, and therefore, did not help to elucidate mechanisms of the recovery from cadmium-induced health effects, probably because cadmium not bound with metallothionein (non-MT-Cd) is responsible for inducing renal effects.
 ...
PMID:Reversibility of cadmium-induced health effects in rabbits. 673 56

This study presents an obstetric protocol offering better management and prediction for normoglycemic insulin-dependent patients (White Class D4, F, R, or RF) who conceived after they were diagnosed as having vascular disease secondary to diabetes mellitus. Normoglycemia was accomplished during the pregestational phase, and conception occurred only after the glycosylated hemoglobin level was documented to be normal. Normoglycemia was maintained during pregnancy in the outpatient setting through the use of blood glucose monitoring performed by the patient. The obstetric protocol emphasized three additional areas of attention: (1) assessment of fetal growth by serial uterine fundal measurement and ultrasonography at gestational weeks 21 to 22; (2) assessment of fetal movement by patient-perceived fetal movements for 1 hour a week starting at week 35, increasing to 2 hr/day at week 37, and increasing to 3 hr/day from week 38 onward; and (3) cervical assessment at week 37 and preparation for vaginal delivery. Eight patients had a creatinine clearance of less than or equal to 80 ml/min prior to conception (mean = 66 +/- 6 ml/min). By 6 to 12 weeks' gestation all eight showed an increase in creatinine clearance (mean = 91 +/- 20, p less than 0.01). There was no change in the third trimester, and postpartum creatinine clearance was at antepartum levels. Proteinuria increased significantly by the end of the first trimester in all eight women and regressed post partum. Proteinuria (greater than 150 mg/24 hr) did not occur in the 14 women with normal antepartum creatinine clearance. Of 11 women with background retinopathy, six showed improvement in retinal status by fundus stereophotography whereas five showed no change. Of 11 women with proliferative retinopathy, five improved, five required laser therapy, and one remained in stable condition. Despite hemoglobin A1 levels in the normal gestational range (3% to 7.5%), there was a significant correlation of these levels with infant birth weights. None of the 22 infants died, and only one had any perinatal disease. Thus this protocol with its emphasis on fetal growth and size resulted in improvement in both maternal and infant outcome in pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus with vascular compromise.
 ...
PMID:Obstetric management when normoglycemia is maintained in diabetic pregnant women with vascular compromise. 674 44

Two hundred seventy-four diabetic patients were studied over a 2-year period to evaluate the progression of lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusive disease (ASO). At initial evaluation, ASO was noted in 98 patients (36%). Incidence of new or more severe disease was noted in 92 patients (34%) at follow-up. Increased age, longer duration of diabetes, lower percent ideal body weight, elevated systolic blood pressure, and elevated serum cholesterol levels were all significantly associated with disease progression. Patients with disease progression were found to have significantly lower nerve motor velocities and sensory conduction, higher serum creatinine levels, and a higher prevalence of retinopathy, proteinuria, and carotid artery disease (perhaps indicating concomitant neuropathy and microvascular disease). Diastolic pressure, race, fasting and postprandial glucose, fasting and postprandial insulin, fasting and postprandial C peptides, and glycosylated hemoglobin levels did not correlate with disease progression. The strongest prognostic indicator of disease progression appeared to be preexisting disease. Significant disease progression over a relatively short period indicates that treatment of the diabetic patients who have symptoms should be early and aggressive.
 ...
PMID:Progression of atherosclerosis in diabetics. 685 1

Optimal control of diabetes should achieve not only euglycemia and normal levels of glycosylated hemoglobin but also absence of the reversible concomitants of diabetes such as red cell rigidity, hyperlipidemia, increased capillary permeability, enlargement of the kidneys, proteinuria, etc. Unfortunately, in most patients consistent euglycemia cannot be assured even with two daily injections of insulin. However, self-measurement of blood glucose as a guide to insulin taken before each meal and at bedtime can, in selected patients, increase the frequency of normal glucose levels without undue hypoglycemia.
 ...
PMID:Parameters of good control in diabetes mellitus. 699 74

One hundred thirty children aged 1 to 8 years with blood lead levels greater than 50 micrograms/100 ml of whole blood (WB) and free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) concentration greater than 250 micrograms/100 ml of WB received 207 chelation treatments for plumbism. All chelation treatments consisted of CaNa2 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) 25 mg/kg per dose every 12 hours and 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol (BAL) 3 mg/kg per dose every four hours for five days. Seventeen children demonstrated transient doubling of pre-chelation treatment serum creatinine (less than or equal to 2.0 mg/100 ml) during or following chelation treatment; 5/17 also had mild proteinuria. Four children developed severe oliguric (greater than 250 ml/sq m/day) acute renal failure. Serum creatinine levels were elevated six to seven days after chelation treatment was started and reached maximal values of 3.9 to 8.4 mg/100 ml, three to six days later. Renal function returned to pre-chelation treatment values during the subsequent six to 18 days. In the 21 nephrotoxic patients and the 109 nontoxic patients there were no significant differences in age (3.8 +/- 0.6 vs 3.2 +/- 0.2 years), sex (61% vs 53% males), percent who received multiple chelation treatments (38% vs 30%), blood lead levels (85 +/- 5 vs 79 +/- 1 microgram/100 ml of WB), FEP (380 +/- 30 vs 382 +/- 18 micrograms/100 ml of WB), hemoglobin (11.5 +/- 0.4 vs 11.1 +/- 0.2 gm/100 ml, and pre-chelation treatment serum creatinine (0.46 +/- 0.06 vs 0.58 +/- 0.03 mg/100 ml). It was concluded that 13% of children with plumbism who received chelation treatments developed mild transient biochemical evidence of nephrotoxicity and another 3% developed acute renal failure characterized by oliguria four to eight days after chelation treatment was discontinued.
 ...
PMID:Reversible nephrotoxic reactions to a combined 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol and calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid regimen in asymptomatic children with elevated blood lead levels. 709 93

Restoration of near-normal glucose metabolism with the insulin pump reduces retinal fluorescein leakage and microalbuminuria in diabetes. However, it is not known whether these functional changes reflect a true reversal of diabetic retinopathy or nephropathy. To evaluate this question, we studied the effect of 1-2 yr of insulin pump treatment on clinical endpoints in 17 type I diabetic patients. In each patient, plasma glucose and total glycosylated hemoglobin levels fell to normal or near-normal levels. The total daily dose of insulin given during the first month of pump treatment (52 +/- 5 U/day) was comparable to that given during conventional treatment (44 +/- 3 U/day) and varied little over the 1-2 yr period of observation. Ten eyes without retinopathy at the start of the study remained without retinopathy after 15-23 mo of pump treatment. One of eleven eyes with background retinopathy developed proliferative retinopathy and 3 of 13 eyes with proliferative retinopathy progressed during pump treatment. Similarly, no improvement in renal function was observed in the six patients with diabetic nephropathy on entry to the study. In the first month of pump treatment, proteinuria consistently fell to values 30% below prepump levels (P less than 0.005). However, the diminution in proteinuria was not sustained and all remain proteinuric after 13-18 mo of pump therapy. Serum creatinine rose slightly and creatinine clearance did not significantly change. These data suggest that insulin pump treatment does not reverse established diabetic microvascular complications, despite a sustained improvement in metabolic control for up to 2 yr.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Long-term improvement of metabolic control with the insulin pump does not reverse diabetic microangiopathy. 718 47

Abnormal myoglobinemia (above 77 microgram/l) and free hemoglobin in plasma were found in 16 runners and in nine non runners immediately following distance running. The same abnormalities were found iun six elite rowers following rowing. In parallel with the rise in myoglobin and free hemoglobin a rise was found in serum concentrations of cellular enzymes (LDH, CK, ASAT, alkaline phosphatase) and of various metabolites. We found no proteinuria nor casts in the urine. Non runners had a higher rise in serum myoglobin than runners. Competitive running caused a rise in the serum concentration of the heart specific fraction of creatine kinase in seven of the nine (healthy) elite runners. The abnormal findings are only explainable on the basis of leakage of proteins from muscle cells to the circulation in otherwise healthy, well trained persons. Myoglobinemia and a transient rhabdomyolysis is a common phenomenon in long distance running, but evidently also occurs in distance rowing. Three months of running training prevented most of the muscle damage from relaxed jogging in the nine previous non runners. Neither the observed myoglobinemia nor the hemoglobinemia resulted in any significant loss of iron in the urine.
 ...
PMID:Muscle cell leakage due to long distance training. 720 6

The prognostic significance of age, hemoglobin level, leukocyte and platelet counts, total protein and serum M-component concentrations, total protein other than M-component (TP-MC) concentration, serum uric acid level (all at the time of diagnosis), and interval from onset to diagnosis was studied retrospectively in 118 patients who died of multiple myeloma. Before analysis, the patients were separated into 7 subgroups, i.e., IgG IgA, Bence-Jones type, IgG.k, IgG.lambda, IgG with Bence-Jones proteinuria (IgG (+)), and IgG without Bence-Jones proteinuria (IgG (-)). Correlation analysis revealed that younger patients in the IgG.lambda and IgG(-) groups survived longer, that total protein positively correlated to survival in the IgG and IgG.lambda groups, that higher TP-MC concentration correlated to longer survival in the IgG, IgG.k, IgG(+), and IgG(-) groups and that higher uric acid levels adversely affected survival in the IgG.k group. All other factors were insignificant in all the subgroups. To assess the interrelationships among predictor variables, and to estimate their contribution to survival, a multiple regression analysis was performed. The resulting R2 values ranged from 0.28 (IgG) to 0.46 (IgG.lambda).
 ...
PMID:Prognostic factors in multiple myeloma: parametric analysis in each abnormal protein type. 731 95


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10