Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have correlated pathologic findings in kidney biopsies from 12 adolescents with proteinuria or hypertension with severity of limited joint mobility (LJM) and retinopathy. We compared mean glucosylated hemoglobin (GHB) and clinical findings in these patients with those in patients without proteinuria or hypertension. Severity of LJM correlated with basement membrane thickening. Protein excretion correlated with degree of mesangial matrix increase and basement membrane changes. Retinal changes were related to basement membrane thickness and duplication. Despite treatment, blood pressures were significantly higher in patients with nephropathy than in the comparison group. Glycemic control status was generally poor and did not correlate with pathologic changes. The narrow spectrum of control did not permit assessment of possible effects of milder metabolic derangement. However, the similarity of GHB values in the groups with and without nephropathy implicates other factors. The group with clinical nephropathy had more LJM than did the comparison group, reaffirming LJM as a risk factor for early microvascular disease. Biopsy changes of nephropathy may begin relatively early in the course of diabetes (less than 7 years in three of our patients) and is already advanced when proteinuria appears.
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PMID:Correlates of biopsy-studied nephropathy in young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 396 7

The association between massive obesity and nephrotic syndrome has been rarely reported. We herein describe a patient with massive obesity (209 kg) and nephrotic proteinuria who had a normal renal biopsy. The patient was initially polycythemic and had a supranormal creatinine clearance. After losing 89 kg, his hemoglobin and creatinine clearance returned to normal, and proteinuria decreased to 300 mg/24 h. We postulated that increases in glomerular hydrostatic pressure may result in local alterations of glomerular basement membrane sieving characteristics (biologic membrane thixotropy) with resultant nephrotic proteinuria. Prompt remission of proteinuria with weight loss supports a reversible glomerular hemodynamic alteration as a mechanism for the proteinuria of massive obesity.
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PMID:Massive obesity and nephrotic proteinuria with a normal renal biopsy. 400 Mar 54

Persistent Albustix-positive proteinuria and subsequent chronic renal failure are frequently encountered in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Rates of decline of renal function may be modified by treatment of accompanying hypertension, but studies of the effects of long-term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) on deterioration of renal function provide no statistically significant evidence of benefit of near-normoglycemia. However, short-term studies in IDDM subjects with negative Albustix tests but subclinically raised levels of albumin excretion rate (AER) have shown that treatment with CSII significantly reduces this microalbuminuria. The prospective, controlled 8-mo Kroc Collaborative Study therefore offered the opportunity of examining more protracted effects of CSII-induced metabolic correction upon microalbuminuria. Twenty-four-hour urine collections obtained at baseline, 4, and 8 mo were available from 59 Albustix-negative patients. Beta 2-microglobulin excretion was normal. The 39 normoalbuminuric (AER less than 12 micrograms/min) patients did not differ from the 20 microalbuminuric (AER elevated between 13.2 and 192.6 micrograms/min) with respect to distributions of age, sex, and duration of diabetes. In both the normoalbuminuric and the microalbuminuric groups studied at 4 and 8 mo, percent glycosylated hemoglobin (%HbA1) and mean blood glucose were significantly decreased during CSII compared with baseline values, whereas no change occurred in the group continuing their conventional insulin therapy (CIT). AER did not differ between CIT and CSII treatments in the normoalbuminuric group. AER fell significantly in the CSII-treated microalbuminuric patients at 4 (P less than 0.05) and 8 (P less than 0.01) mo but showed no consistent change in the CIT microalbuminuric group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Eight-month correction of hyperglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with a significant and sustained reduction of urinary albumin excretion rates in patients with microalbuminuria. 401 22

Glycosylated plasma proteins (GSP) and some metabolic parameters (plasma glucose profile, urine glucose excretion, glycosylated hemoglobin, cholesterol, triglycerides) were evaluated in 70 diabetic and 70 normal subjects. Of the late diabetic complications, retinopathy, nephropathy and somatic neuropathy were evaluated. Proliferative retinopathy was observed in 41 of the 70 diabetics studied. No retinopathy or background retinopathy was observed in 29 diabetics. Nephropathy was diagnosed in 39 patients and somatic neuropathy in 44 patients; 26 diabetic subjects had no complications. GSP levels were 0.82 +/- 0.03 nmolHMF/mg prot in diabetics and 0.43 +/- 0.02 nmolHMF/mg prot in controls. GSP levels were positively correlated with metabolic parameters evaluated the same day and 14 days before. A positive correlation between GSP and triglycerides was seen for the first time. The patients with retinopathy showed levels of GSP significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in respect to patients with background retinopathy or absence of it (0.91 +/- 0.03 vs 0.74 +/- 0.04 nmolHMF/mg prot). GSP were significantly higher in the patients with somatic neuropathy (0.93 +/- 0.02 nmolHMF/mg prot) (p less than 0.001) than in the subjects without neuropathy (0.72 +/- 0.04 nmolHMF/mg prot). GSP levels were 0.92 +/- 0.03 nmolHMF/mg prot in diabetics with proteinuria and 0.75 +/- 0.04 nmolHMF/mg prot in diabetics without proteinuria (p less than 0.001). These results confirm the importance of GSP determination as another parameter of glycemic control and particularly as an index of the overall protein glycosylation processes.
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PMID:Glycosylated serum proteins in diabetic patients and their relation to metabolic parameters. 404 91

In a population-based study of the prevalence and severity of diabetic retinopathy in southern Wisconsin, 1210 insulin-taking persons who were diagnosed to have diabetes before 30 yr of age and who were receiving primary medical care in the area were identified in 1979-80. From 1980 to 1982, 996 patients were examined. Fundus photographs revealed that 72% of diabetic women and 69% of diabetic men had retinopathy. More men (12%) than women (7%) had severe proliferative retinopathy. Longer duration of diabetes, higher glycosylated hemoglobin, older age at examination, higher diastolic blood pressure, male gender, and presence of proteinuria all contributed significantly to describing increasing severity of retinopathy.
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PMID:A population-based study of diabetic retinopathy in insulin-using patients diagnosed before 30 years of age. 405 57

The major diseases associated with obesity are hypertension, atherosclerosis, and diabetes, as well as certain types of cancer. Less well-known complications include hepatic steatosis, gallbladder disease, pulmonary function impairment, endocrine abnormalities, obstetric complications, trauma to the weight-bearing joints, gout, cutaneous disease, proteinuria, increased hemoglobin concentration, and possibly immunologic impairment. A U- or J-shaped curve illustrates the relation between body mass index and the degree of these various complications. This relationship can be used to provide guidelines for assessing treatment of obesity.
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PMID:Complications of obesity. 406 25

Five methods for determination of proteinuria are compared : gravimetry, colorimetry (bromocresol green, Biuret test, Lowry's test), opacimetry (sulfosalicylic acid). Determinations were performed on normal urine, overloaded with albumin or gammaglobulins or on abnormal urine, after varying several parameters (pH, osmolarity, glucose, fructose, red blood cells, hemoglobin. leukocytes, germs). Some methods give non linear results depending on the concentrations (gravimetry, sulfosalicylic acid, bromocresol green). Some systematically give over-results (Biuret test, Lowry's test). Some almost exclusively determine albumin levels (bromocresol green, sulfosalicylic acid). In some, results are altered by glucose or fructose (Biuret, Lowry) or by red blood cells (Biuret, Lowry, sulfosalicylic acid). None of the tested methods can be used as a reference method. The method using sulfosalicylic acid is suitable for routine determination; however, results should be interpreted according to the parameters mentioned above.
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PMID:[Determination of proteinuria in children: changes in results according to the methods used (author's transl)]. 616 32

It has been demonstrated that the sensitivity to HgCl2 nephrotoxicity increases with maturity in the rat, and that neonates are largely unaffected by a dose of 5 mg/kg. In the present study, immature rat pups were exposed to higher doses of HgCl2 to determine whether this effect was attributable to a quantitative or qualitative difference in the renal sensitivity to HgCl2. Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with a single dose of 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 20, or 30 mg/kg on Postnatal Day 1; 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, or 20 mg/kg on Day 8; or 6.25, 7.5, 10, or 12.5 mg/kg on Day 15. Renal function was evaluated at 24, 48, and 120 hr after treatment by measuring urine volume, osmolality, urinary pH, and chloride content, the ability to concentrate urine during water deprivation, and the presence of protein, glucose, or hemoglobin in urine. Animals were then killed and their kidneys weighed. A dose of 20 mg/kg was needed to induce mortality in pups treated at 1 day of age, and 15 mg/kg was needed in pups treated at 8 days of age. In contrast, the 6.25-mg/kg dose given to 15-day-old pups produced some mortality, and all rats given higher doses at 15 days of age died within 2 days. There was marked oliguria or anuria in the rats that died. Kidney weight was increased in a dose-related fashion at all ages. In those animals not rendered oliguric by the treatment, urine volume increased and the ability to secrete a more concentrated urine during water deprivation decreased. Urinary pH was decreased in a dose-related manner. Urinary chloride excretion was temporarily decreased after HgCl2 treatment on Day 1 , but was increased thereafter. Proteinuria, glucosuria, and hematuria were detected in the treated rats, again increasing in frequency and severity with age and dose.
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PMID:Toxicity of mercuric chloride to the developing rat kidney. II. Effect of increased dosages on renal function in suckling pups. 623 55

Five cases of histologically verified plasma cell myeloma in sclerotic skeletal foci and polyneuropathy are reported. Thirty similar cases were collected from the literature. They illustrate a special form of plasma cell neoplasia. The characteristic features are osteosclerosis, polyneuropathy resembling polyradiculitis, approximately normal hemoglobin concentration, bone marrow smears and ESR, low concentration of M-protein, and absence of Bence-Jones' proteinuria. Slow progesssion of the disease is a possible additional feature. It is hypothesized that autoimmune mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis. This hypothesis is based on the observation of circulating immune complexes, positive Waaler's reaction and relative increase in the number of circulating B-lymphocytes.
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PMID:Osteosclerotic myeloma with polyneuropathy. 625 42

The chronic administration of captopril to Sprague-Dawley rats was performed under the barrier system by feeding ad libitum with mixed diet in various concentrations of captopril with 3 months recovery period. The number of animals was 180 female and 180 male including 5 groups of control, 30, 100, 300 and 900 mg/kg/day. The maximum nontoxic dose was estimated as about 30 mg/kg/day for male but a little more than this for female rats. Body weight increase was significantly reduced in male but for the first 3 months in female rats. No death was ascribed to the toxic effect of captopril. Polydipsia and polyuria in male, and the significant increase in values of BUN and inorganic phosphate in both sexes were observed. The reduction in erythrocyte count, values of hemoglobin and hematocrit, hemosiderosis in reticulum cells of the spleen and Kupffer cells in the liver and the increase of erythropoieses indicated hemolytic anemia. Heart weight reduced while kidney weight increased. Pathological examination revealed hypertrophia and hyperplasia of JG cells and thickening of walls of afferent arterioles with hyperplasia of vascular smooth muscle cells and increase of collagen fibers. Thickening of walls extended to walls of the interlobular arteries which remained after withdrawal of captopril for 3 months though JG granules attenuated. The age-related increases of incidences of proteinuria and myocardial fibrosis were attenuated dose-dependently which are probably due to hypotension induced by captopril.
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PMID:[Twelve month studies on the chronic toxicity of captopril in rats]. 627 84


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