Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The pattern of proteinuria found in patients during the administration of methotrexate (MTX) or aminoglycosides (AG) and in cadmium or Balkan nephropathy was investigated using the technique of sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). As renal tubular dysfunction increased, measured by the urinary concentration of 4 low molecular mass (LMr) proteins, SDS-PAGE bands appeared in the following order of molecular mass (Mr): 59, 44, 31, then below 31 000. The presence of bands less than 31 000 was not an early indicator of drug-induced renal damage. Tubular proteinuria could be monitored more easily by the serum and urinary measurement of any one of the LMr proteins: alpha-1-microglobulin (alpha 1m), retinol-binding protein (RBP), beta-2-microglobulin (beta 2m), except alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), than by SDS-PAGE.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of tubular proteinuria, using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, in patients during methotrexate or aminoglycoside treatment or with cadmium or Balkan nephropathy. 646 14

The occurrence of post-exercise proteinuria was investigated in intact and splenectomized dogs after treadmill running and swimming and compared to control experiments. Albumin and lysozyme were measured by radial diffusion. Urinary protein was analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Swimming in the splenectomized dogs increased the albumin excretion in the first 30 min after exercise from 0.03 to 0.22 mg X min-1 and the lysozyme excretion in the same period from 0.11 to 0.75 micrograms X min-1. Swimming in intact dogs caused smaller increase in the lysozyme and albumin excretions during the exercise period itself as well as in the albumin excretion in the first 30 min after exercise. Running had no effect on urinary albumin or lysozyme but increased the low molecular weight protein fraction in the splenectomized dogs. Plasma lactate concentrations were higher during swimming in the splenectomized dogs than in the intact dogs. Possible mechanisms of post-exercise proteinuria are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Proteinuria in intact and splenectomized dogs after running and swimming. 651 Nov 48

Renal involvement (RI)--defined as proteinuria greater than 150 mg per 24 h with haematuria or impaired glomerular filtration rate--was studied in 80 patients with infective endocarditis (IE). Proteinuria was measured quantitatively and further differentiated by the SDS-polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. RI was found in 40 patients (50%) with proteinuria from 150 to 8000 mg per 24 h. SDS-PAGE revealed a tubular protein pattern in 17 patients, a glomerular pattern in 6 and a glomerulo-tubular pattern in 17. Mortality rate was significantly higher in patients with RI (40%) than in those without (7.5%), and was not related to the type of infected valve, infective organisms, method of treatment (surgical or medical) or embolic events. Following successful treatment of IE, 18 out of 23 patients showed complete normalization of renal function. Renal involvement in patients with IE may be of prognostic significance--indicating an impaired prognosis.
 ...
PMID:Is renal involvement a prognostic parameter in patients with infective endocarditis? 651 93

The significance of proteinuria during febrile infectious diseases is widely underestimated, although the more marked proteinuria probably signalizes a parainfectious nephropathy rather than a functional disorder. This study shows that mild proteinuria of less than 0.65 g/24 h (normal range less than 0.3 g/24 h using the sensitive tannine-FeCl3-technique) might be caused by the elevated body temperature alone. 9 out of 18 volunteers without renal disease undergoing experimental hyperthermia of 40-41 degrees C for 1-2 h did not develop a proteinuria according to quantitative and qualitative (SDS-PAGE) measurements. In 6/18 the amount and composition of urinary proteins changed giving a glomerular type of proteinuria, possibly caused by temperature related transient glomerular alterations. In 3/18 a mild glomerulopathy existed before hyperthermia, as deduced from a glomerular pattern despite a quantitatively physiological proteinuria, leading in all 3 to pathological proteinuria during hyperthermia. In all 18 volunteers alterations reversed to normal within 12 h. Therefore, the degree of proteinuria during febrile diseases should be considered. Proteinuria of less than 0.5-1 g/24 h in adults might be explained by an altered glomerular function alone. Proteinurias exceeding this value, with a slow regressing tendency will indicate glomerular or tubulo-interstitial diseases, caused possibly by immunologic or toxic products resulting from underlying infectious disease.
 ...
PMID:[Does febrile proteinuria exist?]. 663 31

Protein excretion and protein fractions according to their molecular weight (SDS polyacrylamide-gelectrophoresis) were studied in the urine of male and female rats before and after castration. The polyacrylamide-gels were investigated qualitatively as well as quantitatively by densitometry. Male rats excrete considerably more protein in the urine than female rats. The values for the absolute protein quantity in 24-h-urine and the relative proteinuria (mg protein per 24 h and 100 g body weight) are five and three times higher, respectively, in males than in females. After castration proteinuria decreases significantly in both sexes, in males, however, more considerably (by about 75%) than in females (by about 30%), so that there is no significant difference in relative proteinuria between castrated males and females. The electrophoresis method used in this study allows to distinguish at least 10 to 11 protein fractions in the total urinary protein of both sexes within a molecular weight range from about 94.000 d to 14.000 d. Low molecular weight proteins (about 31.000 d to about 14.000 d) represent in both sexes the main part of the urinary protein. Females, however, excrete relatively more high molecular weight proteins (about 94.000 d to 60.000 d; about 25% of total urinary protein) than males (about 15% of total urinary protein). Concerning the relative parts in total urinary protein there are sex differences in all protein fractions, especially, however, in the fraction with a molecular weight of about 19.000 d (males more than 50%, females about 17% of total urinary protein). Castration causes in males more distinct changes in the relative parts of protein fractions in total urinary protein (drastic decrease of the 19.000-d-fraction) than in females. The results can be interpreted among other things in connection with a sex different handling of proteins in the proximal tubule of the rat kidney. The lysosomal catabolism of proteins in the proximal tubule is probably lower in males than in females, thus contributing to a higher proteinuria and a higher excretion especially of low molecular weight proteins in males in comparison with females.
 ...
PMID:[Sex differentiated protein pattern in the urine of the rat following castration]. 672 23

The administration of D-penicillamine (450 mg/kg) to young rats resulted in an immediate increase in urinary NAG and volume, as well as mild proteinuria of a predominently low molecular weight type. Doses less than 400 mg/kg failed to alter the urinary profile. Analysis of glomerular basement membrane prepared from rats injected with D-penicillamine (450 mg/kg) failed to show any abnormalities in amino acid and sugar composition. In contrast, glomerular basement membrane prepared from D-penicillamine injected rats was more soluble than membrane prepared from normal rats in SDS and 2-mercaptoethanol. The solubilised components of the membrane were resolved on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. An increase in the low molecular weight, and a concomitant fall in the higher molecular weight components present in the membrane was demonstrated. D-penicillamine therefore affects glomerular basement membrane directly in young rats, possibly by interfering with cross-link formation. These studies may provide a further basis for the study of D-penicillamine toxicity in man.
 ...
PMID:Effect of D-penicillamine on glomerular basement membrane, urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and protein excretion in rats. 685 4

A retrospective study of urinary protein patterns, as determined by SDS-PAA-disc-electrophoresis was performed in 107 patients in third trimester of pregnancy because of preeclampsia. The aim was to determine whether the protein patterns allow a differentiation between nephropathies associated with genuine toxaemia of pregnancy and those in which toxaemia was superimposed on preexisting renal glomerular or tubular disease. The magnitude and type of proteinuria was related to the mean arterial pressure (MAP). 47% of all patients showed a mixed protein pattern independent of the MAP-severity. This form of proteinuria is probably associated with a genuine toxaemia of pregnancy. It was not possible to determine if pure glomerulopathies whose frequency rose with MAP, had already been present before pregnancy. In a third of the 22 patients followed-up post-partum pathological protein patterns or increased protein excretion was detected. This implies that 35% of the nephropathies were present before pregnancy. However, differentiation between preexisting and toxaemia associated nephropathy was not always possible. SDS-PAA-analysis of urinary protein should be carried out in earlier stages of pregnancy in cases of increasing MAP and proteinuria.
 ...
PMID:Urinary protein patterns and preeclampsia. 687 74

The evolution of proteinuria in rabbits with experimentally induced chronic serum sickness was followed up longitudinally by analytical and quantitative assays. The results suggest that sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is a more sensitive index of kidney malfunction than are total-protein assays or the quantitation of albumin and lysozyme. In some rabbits that showed abnormal proteinuria by SDS-PAGE, no histologic evidence of pathologic damage or of deposition of immune complexes in the kidneys was found. This suggests that SDS-PAGE may detect functional alterations at early stages of kidney damage when the lesions are either undetectable or reversible. In one rabbit that was killed after normalization of the proteinuria, immunofluorescence tests indicated deposition of C3, IgG, and fibrinogen, but there was no histologic evidence of kidney damage.
 ...
PMID:Experimental model of chronic serum sickness. Relationships between proteinuria, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and glomerular and extraglomerular renal pathology. 699 Aug 90

Samples of the urine of 10 myeloma patients with proteinuria were examined by SDS-PAGE. Light chain proteins of Bence Jones (B.J.) type were excreted by 7 patients as monomer (m.w. 20--26.5 x 10(3) Dalton, by 2 patients as a mixture of monomer and dimer and by one patient as dimer. By two-dimensional electrophoresis in SDS-PAG and subsequent electrophoresis in agarose containing kappa and lambda chain specific antibodies the immunological identity of monomeric and dimeric B.J. protein of one patient has been shown. The two-dimensional analysis has been proven a valuable procedure in cases with the excretion of complete monoclonal protein and B.J. protein at the same time.
 ...
PMID:Study of uroproteins in myeloma patients by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrohporesis (SDS-PAGE). 739 39

A disseminated atrophy of the proximal tubule accompanies K2HPO4-induced nephropathy in dogs. These pathologic processes cause glomerular changes that pass through different inflammatory stages and terminate in glomerular sclerosis. Experimental animals, design of the experiment and methods have been described [15]. During the 14-week study we determined the amount of urine (24 hours), protein (mg/dl), protein excretion (mg protein/24 hr) and the macro- and microprotein fraction in the urine by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Clinical examinations were at 15, 66, and 85 days. Beagle dogs treated with 0.8 g K2HPO4/kg body weight developed significant glomerular selective and unselective protienuria. During the experiment the macroproteins in the urine decreased markedly, and at the last examination (day 85) glomerular proteinuria was no longer detectable by electrophoresis. Morphologically, there were only slight glomerular changes in the biopsy material taken at four weeks. Widespread lesions at 14 and 38 weeks were dilatation of Bowman's space, thickening of the basement membrane, increase in mesangial matrix, interposition of non-argentophilic mesangial matrix into the glomerular basement membrane, protein deposits in the mesangium and parietal basement membrane, formation of crescents, shrinkage of the glomeruli with collapse of glomerular tufts, and finally glomerular sclerosis. The parietal epithelial cells contained cytoplasmic areas that were free of organelles and contained microfilamentous and fine-granular material. These areas were close to the capsular basement membrane. Bundles of filaments within parietal epithelial cells had contact with the basement membrane, thus resembling hemidesmosomes. The sequelae of tubular atrophy are retention of glomerular filtrate and dilatation of Bowman's space, followed by compression and shrinkage of the glomerular tufts, and inflammatory processes within the glomerulus. The latter may be characterized as mesangio-sclerosing, mesangio-proliferative, membrano-proliferative, and extra-capillary glomerulonephritis. The decrease of urinary protein excretion towards the end of the experiment may be related to intratubular lysosomal digestion of cellular and amorphous components.
 ...
PMID:[Potassium hydrogen phosphate induced nephropathy in the dog. II. Glomerular alterations (author's transl)]. 742 31


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>