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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two serologically active urinary glycoproteins (HLA-A 9 and HLA-B 12) were isolated from urine provided by a patient suffering from tubular proteinuria. Their N-terminal sequences were automatically determined. The latter were identical with the sequence of another urinary glycoprotein (protein HC). The relationship between protein HC and the serological activity is discussed.
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PMID:[Molecular aspects of 2 human urinary glycoproteins with histocompatibility antigen (HLA) serological activity]. 41 29

Forty-four patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were classified as mild or more severe on the basis of renal biopsy changes and the degree of proteinuria. The HLA phenotype A2 plus B7 was associated with the mild cases, while A1 plus B8 was associated with more severe disease. These findings suggest that immunogenetic factors are important in determining the severity of SLE and that combinations of HLA-A and -B locus antigens may be significant in HLA disease associations.
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PMID:HLA in systemic lupus erythematosus: influence on severity. 69 14

One-hundred and seventy-two normotensive, insulin-dependent diabetic patients without clinical proteinuria (Albustix negative) were typed for the major histocompatibility complex class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DR) antigens. Urinary albumin excretion was measured as the albumin:creatinine ratio (UA/UC, mg/mmol) in an early morning sample. Patients expressing the HLA-A2 antigen had significantly higher UA/UC values than those not expressing the antigen. The observed ratio of geometric means was 1.77 (95 per cent confidence interval (CI) 1.18-2.67; p < 0.01); the relative risk of microalbuminuria (UA/UC > 3.0 mg/mmol) associated with expression of HLA-A2 was 2.52 (95 per cent CI 1.11-5.73; p < 0.05). There was no significant association between UA/UC and HLA-B8, -B15, -DR3, -DR4 or other antigens. Patients were re-studied after a mean period of 5.3 years: multiple linear regression analysis showed that the UA/UC at this time was positively related to the initial glycosylated haemoglobin level (p < 0.01) and expression of the HLA-A2 antigen (p < 0.05), but not to blood pressure or creatinine clearance. Fifteen patients developed macroalbuminuria at follow-up (UA/UC > 45.5 mg/mmol). Compared with a group matched for age, sex, duration of diabetes, and glycosylated haemoglobin who did not develop macroalbuminuria, macroalbuminuric patients had a higher frequency of HLA-A2 (p < 0.01). The odds ratio of progressing to macroalbuminuria associated with HLA-A2 had a 95 per cent CI of 1.71 to infinity. We conclude that an immunogenetic factor may play a role in the development of early diabetic nephropathy and that the risk associated with expression of the HLA-A2 antigen is independent of metabolic control and blood pressure.
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PMID:The immunogenetics of early nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: association between the HLA-A2 antigen and albuminuria. 144 47

Typing for antigens HLA-A,B,C and DR was performed on 165 rheumatoid arthritis patients (14 black, 151 white) who had received gold therapy to determine the relationship between HLA antigens and gold dermatitis, stomatitis, thrombocytopenia, and proteinuria. Dermatitis and stomatitis occurred in both black and white patients. Thrombocytopenia and proteinuria occurred only among the white patients studied. The absence of thrombocytopenia and proteinuria among the black patients was not statistically significant. Antigen HLA-DR7 was uncommon among black and white subjects with dermatitis (0 of 6 blacks, 4 of 48 whites), but this decrease in frequency was not statistically significant. Antigen HLA-DR3 was an important risk factor for thrombocytopenia (relative risk = 11.8, P = .0043) and proteinuria (RR = 5.8, P = .032). These results are consistent with previous studies of HLA-DR3 and gold toxicity. The only black patient with stomatitis possessed the A1B8DR3 phenotype. Future studies should examine whether the same HLA antigen confers risk of different gold toxicities in different racial groups, and whether there are HLA antigens that provide a protective effect.
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PMID:Immunogenetic and racial determinants of gold toxicity in rheumatoid arthritis. 297 88

Ninety-five rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with aurothiomalate and/or D-penicillamine have been studied for possible associations between HLA-A, -B, -DR antigens and various toxic reactions to the above drugs. HLA-DR3 and -DRw6 had a higher frequency in patients with toxic reactions (all types) than in patients without toxic reactions (28.5 per cent vs 13.0 per cent and 26.5 per cent vs 4.3 per cent, chi 2 = 2.6 and 7.2, respectively). HLA-B8 was found at a higher frequency in patients with proteinuria and other types of renal involvement (20.0 per cent vs 7.4 per cent in controls), whereas skin manifestations were mainly associated with the presence of HLA-DRw6. The lowest frequency of side-effects was seen in patients with HLA-DR1 and DR2 (10.2 per cent vs 28.3 per cent and 28.5 per cent vs 54.3 per cent, chi 2 = 3.9 and 5.5, respectively). In addition, seropositive patients possessing HLA-DR1, showed toxic reactions less frequently.
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PMID:HLA-A,-B, and -DR antigens in relation to gold and D-penicillamine toxicity in Greek patients with RA. 313 53

Nineteen patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy were typed for HLA pattern and analyzed for the Fc receptor function of splenic macrophages by detecting in vivo the clearance of IgG-sensitized 51Cr-labelled autologous erythrocytes. Seven out of 19 patients were found to have a macrophage dysfunction. This defect was not related to any HLA-A, B, C, DR, DQ antigen tested nor to the levels of IgG-containing immune complexes, as detected by a Clq solid phase test, nor to the magnitude of proteinuria. Since HLA-B8 and HLA-DR3 antigens were significantly more frequent in patients than in the control group, the factors that may impair the macrophage system in individuals predisposed to this nephropathy are discussed.
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PMID:Failure to relate mononuclear phagocyte system function to HLA-A, B, C, DR, DQ antigens in membranous nephropathy. 347 35

The clinical and histologic features of 81 patients with IgA nephropathy were analyzed. Azotemia was present in 32 per cent of the patients, proteinuria was present in 88 per cent, and gross or microscopic hematuria was present in all of the patients tested. The median age of histologic diagnosis was 27 years. The median age at onset of clinical signs was 20 years. There was no increased incidence in any HLA-A or -B antigen within the patient population over our control population. All patients had glomerular mesangial IgA deposition (by definition) greater than or equal to IgG or IgM. Histologic changes were quantitated and ranged from normal to necrotizing and/or crescentic glomerulonephritis. Many patients (48 per cent) had mild or moderate generalized glomerlular hypercellularity. Nonparametric statistical analysis showed strong correlations among patient age at histologic diagnosis, creatinine, proteinuria, global glomerular sclerosis, and interstital fibrosis. Our analysis suggests that IgA nephropathy is an indolent disease generally beginning in childhood. It is a cause of renal insufficiency in a significant number of patients. Interpretation of this series and other reported studies suggests that most cases of IgA nephropathy in the United States are best considered idiopathic but that hereditary and secondary forms may exist.
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PMID:IgA nephropathy. Correlation of clinical and histologic features. 621 35

This study of risk factors for diabetic nephropathy in juvenile Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus compares two carefully characterised groups of patients, one with proteinuria (n = 23), the other a control group (n = 24) with no evidence of nephropathy despite more than 25 years of diabetic life. No significant difference was observed between the groups in any HLA-A, -B or -DR antigen of Bf allotype. DR3 was present in 87% of patients with proteinuria and 75% of the diabetic control group; DR4 was present in 48% of patients with proteinuria and 63% of diabetic controls; BfFl was present in 17% of patients with nephropathy and 9% of the diabetic control group. Compared with the control group, patients with proteinuria had significantly higher mean diabetic-clinic blood glucose concentrations before the diagnosis of microvascular disease, a significantly earlier age at diagnosis of diabetes, and had more often been treated with once-daily as opposed to twice-daily insulin regimens. Susceptibility to nephropathy in Type 1 diabetes appears to be determined by the quality of metabolic control and age of onset of diabetes; although the number of subjects studied was relatively small no evidence was found of any influence of HLA or Bf phenotype.
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PMID:HLA antigens and risk factors for nephropathy in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. 659 Apr 2

Nine new patients with de novo membranous nephropathy (MN) are reported. The onset of MN, as defined by onset of nephrotic-range proteinuria, ranged from 11 to 30 months after transplantation. Five of the nine patients returned to hemodialysis within 4 to 26 months after the onset of nephrotic syndrome. No known exogenous (for example, ALS or HBsAg) or endogenous antigens could be demonstrated as the cause in any of the nine patients. The possibility that excellent tissue compatibility might increase the risk of subsequent de novo MN is suggested by the finding of four patients with "full house" HLA-A,B mismatch. This phenomenon occurs in approximately one in 100 to 200 transplants. It is suggested that de novo MN is not as unusual as heretofore believed and that its prognosis is poor.
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PMID:De novo membranous nephropathy in human renal allografts: report of nine patients. 675 31

Four cases of idiopathic acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) associated with uveitis (so-called TINU syndrome) were experienced between 1986 and 1990. Patients' ages ranged from 14 to 42 years old and three were female and one was male. All cases showed general symptoms, such as general malaise, anorexia and weight loss. All patients had initially TIN and became ill uveitis four to eight months after the onset of TIN. All cases had mild proteinuria, mild anemia, the lower serum levels of potassium, hyper gamma-globulinemia and the reduced glomerular filtration rate with the increased beta 2-microglobulin in urine and serum. All renal biopsies specimens showed mild edema and diffuse infiltration of inflammatory mononuclear cells in the interstitium without any glomerular or vascular abnormalities. Furthermore, numerous CD4 positive cells, CD8 positive cells and CD11c positive cells were seen in the interstitium. Of four patients, three cases were treated with both oral administration and eye drop of prednisolone (PSL), another one case was therapied with eye drop PSL only. In all cases TIN had good prognosis, but two patients had recurrences of uveitis. All patients underwent tissue typing for HLA-A, B, C and DR antigens. Three patients had identical HLA-Cw3 and all four cases revealed identical HLA-A24(9). These results suggest that immunological mechanism, especially cell-mediated, and HLA system may play an important role in the occurrence of TINU syndrome.
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PMID:[HLA tissue types in patients with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis accompanying uveitis]. 837 85


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