Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of primary myelofibrosis complicated with pericardial effusion and proteinuria is described. A 66-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of abdominal fullness and shortness of breath. On admission, hepatosplenomegaly and pericardial effusion were observed. Blood examination revealed leukoerythroblastic anemia and thrombocytosis with tear drop cells and giant platelets. Bone marrow aspiration was dry tap and its biopsy showed remarkable myelofibrosis. Urinalysis indicated severe proteinuria. Although neutrophilic alkaline phosphatase score was low, no signs of acute blastic crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia was found. The diagnosis of an atypical type of primary myelofibrosis was obtained. Administration of MCNU was started in August 1987. Hepatosplenomegaly, pericardial effusion and proteinuria were gradually improved after the administration. The etiology of the pericardial effusion and proteinuria were not obvious, however, these facts suggest that these abnormal findings might be related to PMF itself and MCNU was effective to PNF.
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PMID:[The use of MCNU to a patient of primary myelofibrosis complicated with pericardial effusion and proteinuria]. 276 70

We measured the excretion rates of six urinary enzymes that either originate from the proximal renal tubule, like alanine aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.2), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2), and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30), or that are typical low-molecular-mass proteins, like lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17) and pancreatic ribonuclease (EC 3.1.27.5). These rates were compared with those of total protein and albumin in urine of 36 insulin-dependent diabetic men and 30 healthy men. Seventeen of the diabetics had "clinical proteinuria," defined as excretion of more than 7.5 g of protein per mole of urinary creatinine (group B). Group A comprised the 19 diabetics without proteinuria. Except for gamma-glutamyltransferase, the excretions of enzymes and proteins were significantly higher in diabetics than in controls and were greater in group B than in group A. N-Acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase was the analyte most often increased in group A (89%), followed by albumin and alkaline phosphatase (each 32%). All patients in group B showed increased excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. We conclude from the comparative data that this enzyme may be useful as an early predictor of diabetic nephropathy.
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PMID:Urinary enzymes and low-molecular-mass proteins as indicators of diabetic nephropathy. 289 6

Acute renal failure was diagnosed by clinical, necropsy and histological criteria in 39 flocks (20 low ground, 13 hill and six marginal upland) in areas served by six veterinary investigation centres. Forty-eight lambs of 12 different breeds or crosses were investigated. The mean age of affected lambs was 38 days (range seven to 84 days); 21 lambs (44 per cent) were aged seven to 28 days, while only eight (17 per cent) were older than two months. Mortality in clinically affected lambs was almost 100 per cent, with no response to various treatments. Histological examination showed that 40 lambs (83 per cent) had nephrosis, while the rest had toxic tubular necrosis, interstitial nephritis or tubular damage associated with oxalate crystal deposits. Only about half of the lambs had any evidence of enteric infections or enteropathy. Acutely ill lambs had azotaemia, haemoconcentration and proteinuria; some lambs had glycosuria or haematuria. Samples of plasma from 22 lambs with nephrosis were compared with similar samples from 82 incontact but asymptomatic lambs. The clinically affected group had significantly elevated plasma urea, creatinine, total protein, globulin, phosphorus and chloride concentrations and significantly reduced plasma calcium concentrations compared with healthy lambs. Affected lambs had a significant reduction also in the calcium:phosphorus ratio. No significant differences between groups was found in plasma concentrations of albumin, glucose, lactate, glycerol, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase, sodium, potassium or magnesium.
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PMID:Acute nephropathy in young lambs. 291 11

The nephrotoxicity of three different dose levels of propyleneimine (10, 20 and 30 microliter/kg body wt) administered intraperitoneally to rats was studied and 20 microliters/kg body weight was found to be the most appropriate sublethal dose. Injection of propyleneimine (10 microliters/kg body wt) produced a small rise in N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity, minor histological damage but no change in urine volume. Six rats were injected with 20 microliters/kg body weight, and urine was collected over the following 16 days. An immediate increase in urine volume, osmolality together with a concomitant decrease in specific gravity, was accompanied by a small increase in creatinine excretion and a more marked increase in the sodium and potassium content of urine after the administration of the nephrotoxin. NAG activity increased immediately and peaked on day 3, the activity remained elevated until day 12 when it fell to near normal levels. The activity of both beta-D-galactosidase and beta-D-glucosidase increased 9 days after administration of the nephrotoxin. In contrast, no consistent change was found in the excretion of the brush border marker enzymes, leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), alanine aminopeptidase (AAP) or alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Proteinuria increased sharply the day after injection and remained abnormal. Increased urinary albumin excretion and the predominance of low molecular weight proteins was demonstrated by sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Evidence is presented that propyleneimine exerts its early toxic effect on the renal papilla.
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PMID:Renal toxicity of propyleneimine: assessment by non-invasive techniques in the rat. 309 1

Forty-five patients suffering from a major depression were administered zimeldine, amitriptyline or placebo (15 patients in each group) in a double-blind controlled study. In the zimeldine group, seven of the 14 patients treated for more than one week presented a toxic syndrome consisting in a severe prostration, fever, myalgias and arthralgias. In all patients presenting this syndrome, laboratory analyses revealed an elevation of alkaline phosphatase and of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases and a decrease in white blood cell and platelet counts. Three patients presented a mild proteinuria and hematuria. Although an immunological mechanism cannot be ruled out, several characteristics of this reaction suggest the formation of a metabolite of zimeldine with direct cellular toxicity. The relatively high starting dose of 200 mg/day of zimeldine administered in the present study and the increment to 300 mg/day after only seven days might have contributed to the high incidence of toxic reactions observed.
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PMID:High incidence of multisystemic reactions to zimeldine. 315 76

Oral administration of the toxic mushroom Cortinarius orellanus (Fr.) to male Sprague Dawley rats caused serious impairment of renal function. The signs observed were similar to those produced in humans who ingest this fungus. Administration of 2.0 g dried Cortinarius orellanus per kg body weight led to acute renal dysfunction within 48 h. The pattern of impairment included reduced glomerular filtration rate, decreased renal absorption of water, sodium and potassium, and proteinuria and glucosuria. The nephrotoxic effect was further characterized by decreased activities of the brush border enzymes alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in urine, despite a remarkable increase in protein excretion of predominantly tubular origin. These findings were substantiated by morphologic changes, which could be detected as early as 12 h after dosing. Morphologically discernible signs of renal tubular damage start with deformation of the proximal tubular brush border region. Within 48 h after toxin ingestion, prenecrotic and necrotic cells could be found in all nephron segments contained in the renal cortex. The most prominent changes were a vesiculation of the apical cell pole and a swelling of the smooth surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and of mitochondria. The latter was accompanied by a loss in matrix material and a massive fragmentation of mitochondrial cristae membranes. Detectable quantities of the toxic principle of the mushroom, orellanine, were excreted only within the first 24 h after dosing. No impairment of liver function was detected.
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PMID:Toxic properties of the mushroom Cortinarius orellanus (Fries). II. Impairment of renal function in rats. 319 Apr 64

In a group of 58 dogs with proven pyometra, 10 bitches developed renal failure, combined with increased (p less than 0.01) urinary excretion of protein, glucose, gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (AP), amylase, lipase and casts. Thirty-two bitches without renal failure showed nevertheless signs of renal dysfunction as indicated by increased (p less than 0.01) urinary levels of protein, glucose, GGT, AP and amylase. Six bitches without significant proteinuria showed increased (p less than 0.02) urinary levels of GGT, AP as well as amylase. Thus renal injury was detected in 72 per cent of the bitches. Sixteen bitches showed normal urinary levels of protein, glucose, GGT, AP, amylase and lipase, indicating absence of renal disease.
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PMID:Renal injury in dogs with pyometra. 357 95

A prospective, double-blind trial of a single preoperative dose of ceftriaxone, a new long-acting cephalosporin, versus one preoperative and three postoperative doses of cefazolin was carried out in 81 patients at high risk of infection after biliary surgery. Indications for antibiotic prophylaxis included recent or ongoing cholecystitis (52 patients), common duct stones (14 patients), common duct obstruction (3 patients), and age greater than 70 years (22 patients). Intraoperative bile cultures were positive in 7 of 41 patients (17.1 percent) given ceftriaxone and 12 of 40 patients (30 percent) given cefazolin, but there were no wound infections in either group. Neither regimen was associated with significant antibiotic resistance. Side effects, such as proteinuria and elevated liver transaminases and alkaline phosphatase levels, were transient and not definitely related to the antibiotics. We conclude that a single preoperative dose of ceftriaxone is as effective as multiple perioperative doses of cefazolin in the prophylaxis of infection associated with biliary tract surgery.
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PMID:Antibiotic prophylaxis in high-risk biliary operations: multicenter trial of single preoperative ceftriaxone versus multidose cefazolin. 609 74

Chronic mercuric chloride intoxication in an aged horse given 0.8 mg Hg/kg/day for 14 weeks was manifest by signs of progressive respiratory difficulty and renal disease. The effects were not self-limiting after mercury was withdrawn, and the animal was destroyed six weeks later. Renal function changes included heavy glycosuria, modest proteinuria, phosphaturia, reduced urine osmolality, gradually increasing urine production, reduced glomerular filtration rate, and terminally, azotemia. The condition bore similarities to the Fanconi syndrome in man. Urinary gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase and amino-aspartate transferase activities were inconsistent indicators of tubular damage in random samples at this dose rate. The pathologic response was characterized by extensive granulomatous infiltration throughout the lungs, in particular, and to a lesser extent in the kidneys, liver and bone marrow. The renal changes included this marked interstitial reaction and proximal tubular degeneration. Mercury levels were negligible in the lungs and highest in the renal cortex. The granulomatous reaction was not encountered in previous mercury toxicity studies in horses and may indicate an individual sensitivity to the agent.
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PMID:Some effects of chronic mercuric chloride intoxication on renal function in a horse. 621 26

N-Acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), beta-D-galactosidase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) were assayed in the urine of 100 normal and 112 hypertensive subjects. Age-related urinary activities for these enzymes in the normotensive control subjects are presented. A new procedure for the assay of urinary ALP using 2-methoxy-4-(2'-nitrovinyl)phenyl (MNP) phosphate is described. Thirty-five of the hypertensive patients were considered to have primary renal disease. The urinary activity of NAG was increased in 27 (77%) of these patients and the detection of primary renal disease was not enhanced by measurements of the other urinary enzymes. Testing the urine both for NAG activity and protein, led to the detection of 91% of these patients. The assay procedures described are simple to perform and can be carried out in outpatient clinics. The measurement of urinary NAG activity is a cheap and reliable method for detecting renal disease in hypertensive patients but maximum diagnostic yield is achieved when proteinuria is determined as well.
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PMID:The diagnostic value of urinary enzyme measurements in hypertension. 641 44


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