Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The localization of aminopeptidase M (APM), dipeptidyl peptidase I (DAP I), II (DAP II) and IV (DAP IV) in the renal section was investigated histochemically, and their activities were determined fluorometrically in renal homogenate of normal, castrated and testosteron treated male rats.--After castration the activities of the lysosomal DAP II (pars convoluta of the proximal tubule), DAP I (distal and proximal tubule) and of the mainly membrane-bound DAP IV (glomeruli, brush border of the proximal tubule) increase in comparison to normal males, whereas the activities of the brush border-bound APM decrease. After testosteron treatment of castrated animals (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg testosterone proprionate/100 g BW and day; 5-day treatment) the activities of DAP I, II and IV decrease again, so that after treatment with 0.1 mg testosterone proprionate, the activities of DAP I and II approach those in normal males.--The additionally determined urinary protein excretion shows that there is a significant decrease in proteinuria after castration, whereas testosterone treatment of castrated animals is accompanied by an increase of proteinuria.--Our results would suggest that the protein catabolism in the proximal tubule and the proteinuria are interrelated, and that testosterone influences (decreases) the protein catabolism in the proximal tubule. This means that high activities of lysosomal proteinases in the proximal tubule (castrates) are accompanied by a low proteinuria, and low activities of those proteinases (testosterone treated castrated or normal males) by a high proteinuria.
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PMID:[Peptidases in the kidney of male rats following castration and testosterone substitution]. 614 13

The localization of various peptidases in the renal section of the rat was investigated histochemically, and their activities were determined fluorometrically in renal homogenate. The membrane-bound peptidases aminopeptidase A (APA), aminopeptidase M (APM), gamma-glutamyl-transferase (gamma-GT), dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DAP IV), and the lysosomal dipeptidyl peptidases I (DAP I) and II (DAP II) were investigated in male and female (estrus) rats both before and 30 days after castration. In addition, protein excretion and APA, APM, DAP I and DAP IV activities were measured in the urine of these animals. Histochemically, the membrane-bound peptidases are demonstrable mainly in the brush borders of the proximal tubules. In addition, APA and DAP IV are found in the glomeruli, gamma-GT and DAP IV in the thin descending limbs of the loops of Henle, and gamma-GT in the basal labyrinth of the S2 and S3 segments. The lysosomal peptidases are most concentrated in the S1 and S2 segments of the proximal tubule, in the distal tubule, and in certain cells of the connecting tubule and collecting duct, where they are contained in lysosomes of varying size. Sex differences and castration effects are demonstrable both histochemically and biochemically for the investigated peptidases. Histochemically these effects are most pronounced in the S3 segments for the membrane-bound peptidases, and in the lysosomes of the proximal tubule for the lysosomal peptidases. Biochemical tests in controls show significantly higher lysosomal peptidase activities in the renal homogenate of females than of males. After castration the lysosomal peptidase activities in males increase, approaching those of females. This appears to have bearing on the sex-dependent proteinuria in rats, for lysosomal peptidases and proteinases are particularly important in the degradation of filtered proteins that are reabsorbed in the proximal tubule. In females high lysosomal peptidase activities correlate with a low proteinuria, while males demonstrate lower lysosomal peptidase activities and a significantly higher proteinuria than females. After castration, the lysosomal peptidase activities and proteinuria in males approach those in females. Renal peptidases are also excreted in the urine, again with sex differences, and so these excreted peptidases contribute to the proteinuria in rats.
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PMID:Peptidases in the kidney and urine of rats after castration. 704 50

A 59-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of fever in August 1991. Bone marrow showed normocellularity with 41.5% of CD13, 14, 33 positive blasts, and a diagnosis of AMMoL was made. Laboratory investigation revealed hyponatremia and elevated serum ADH level, indicating the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Intensive chemotherapy successfully induced hematological complete remission and his serum sodium level became normal. In February 1992, he developed proteinuria and findings were consistent with nephrotic syndrome (NS). Renal biopsy specimen showed membranous proliferative glomerulonephritis and massive infiltration of macrophages, and his serum interleukin 6 level was elevated. Five months later, he suffered from pancytopenia and elevation of biliary enzymes with increase of hemophagocytic histiocytes in his bone marrow (hemophagocytic syndrome). He transiently responded to low dose chemotherapy but he died due to severe infection. It is interesting that association between macrophages and/or cytokines with these various complications was suggested in AMMoL.
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PMID:[Acute myelomonocytic leukemia complicated with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, nephrotic syndrome, and hemophagocytic syndrome]. 756 94

We report on a series of 26 patients diagnosed with primary (de novo) plasma cell (PC) leukemia (PCL) in whom we analyzed the clinicobiologic characteristics of the disease together with the immunophenotype, DNA cell content, proliferative index, and numeric chromosomal aberrations of the neoplastic PC, and compared them with 664 multiple myeloma (MM) patients at diagnosis. The median age, sex ratio, and bone lesion extension were similar, but PCL cases displayed a higher prevalence of clinical stage III, extramedullary involvement, and Bence Jones cases, with fewer IgA cases than for MM patients. In addition, according to several prognostic indicators (beta2-microglobulin serum level, proportion of S-phase PCs, proteinuria, calcium serum level, lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] and renal function), the incidence of adverse prognostic factors was significantly higher in PCL versus MM. Immunophenotypic expression was similar for CD38, CD138, CD2, CD3, CD16, CD10, CD13, and CD15, but PCL differed from MM in the expression of CD56, CD9 HLA-DR, CD117, and CD20 antigens. Twenty-two PCL cases were diploid and one was hypodiploid, while most MM cases (57%) showed DNA hyperdiploidy. With the fluorescent in situ hydridization (FISH) technique, 12 of 13 PCL cases displayed the numeric aberrations, -13 (86%), +/-1 (57%), +18 (43%), and -X in women (25%), but they lacked several numeric aberrations usually found in MM such as +3, +6, +9, +11, and +15. PCL cases had a lower overall response to therapy than MM cases (38% v 63%, P =.01332). Among PCL patients, a trend for a worse response was observed in cases treated with melphalan and prednisone (MP) versus polychemotherapy. Overall survival was significantly worse in PCL versus MM patients (8 v 36 months, P <.0001), but it was significantly better in PCL patients treated with polychemotherapy versus MP (18 v 3 months, P =.0137). By contrast, MM patients did not show significant differences in overall survival according to the treatment used, MP or polychemotherapy. Ten variables seemed to predict survival in PCL patients, but only the beta2-microglobulin level and S-phase PCs retained an independent value in multivariate analysis. In summary, our study illustrates that PCs from PCL display singular phenotypic, DNA cell content, and cytogenetic characteristics that lead to a different disease evolution versus MM.
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PMID:Primary plasma cell leukemia: clinical, immunophenotypic, DNA ploidy, and cytogenetic characteristics. 1061 Jan 15