Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hypercholesterolemia frequently accompanies the nephrotic syndrome, but the mechanism responsible for elevation of plasma cholesterol is poorly understood. Specifically, the contribution of abnormal hepatic cholesterol metabolism to elevated concentrations of serum cholesterol has never been studied in depth. The objective of the present study was to define the alteration of hepatic cholesterol metabolism in puromycin induced nephrotic syndrome in rats. Studies involved measurements of specific activities of four enzymes participating in the maintenance of hepatic cholesterol metabolism: HMG-CoA-reductase, the rate limiting enzyme of cholesterol synthesis; cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, the rate limiting enzyme in bile acid synthesis; acyl CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase, the enzyme responsible for esterification of cholesterol; and cholesterol ester hydrolase (CEH), an enzyme which hydrolyzes cholesterol. Multiple injections of puromycin resulted in a production of nephrotic syndrome with massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia, ascites and edema. HMG-CoA-reductase (nmol/hr/mg protein) and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activities (nmol/hr/mg protein) in rats with nephrotic syndrome were not statistically significant as compared to control rats (4.0 +/- 0.7 and 2.0 +/- 0.6 vs. 3.3 +/- 0.4 and 1.6 +/- 0.2), respectively. Our results also demonstrate, for the first time, that the normal diurnal rhythm in HMG-CoA reductase activity is no longer present in the nephrotic animals. The activities in the nephrotics in the day was 4.0 nmol/hr/mg and at night, 3.9 nmol/hr/day, compared to the control values of 3.3 nmol/hr/mg in the day and 6.9 nmol/hr/mg at night. ACAT activities were 428 +/- 78 versus 302 +/- 64 pmol/min/mg/protein (P = NS).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Studies of alteration of hepatic cholesterol metabolism in puromycin-induced nephrotic syndrome in rats. 825 56

Selectivity index (SI) has been reported to reflect the selectivity of proteinuria, and it has a relationship with tubulointerstitial damage. Moreover it has a predictive value on functional outcome. However, it is necessary to measure serum IgG, serum transferrin, urinary IgG, and urinary transferrin to calculate SI. We measured urinary micro-cholesterol (mCHO) levels in sixty-three patients with proteinuria (urinary total protein > or = g/gCr) and compared urinary mCHO/total protein(uTP) ratio and SI. The patients' diseases were minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS, n = 12), focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS, n = 12), membranous nephropathy (MN, n = 17), and diabetic nephropathy (DMN, n = 22). Urinary mCHO levels were measured by the ECC method using cholesterol ester hydrolase (CEH) and cholesterol dehydrogenase, and this method was performed conveniently by automatic analyzer. No correlation was observed between urinary mCHO/gCr and serum lipid levels. There was no difference of urinary protein levels among each disease group. We found urinary mCHO/uTP ratio has a good positive correlation with SI(R = 0.722, p < 0.001). Although the difference between ROC curves of SI and urinary mCHO/uTP ratio in distinguishing MCNS from other diseases (FSGS+MN+DMN) did not reach the statistical significance, the area under the curve was larger for mCHO/uTP ratio. These results suggest that measurement of urinary mCHO by ECC method can be a simple and useful tool for predicting selectivity of proteinuria and lipoprotein-loading tubulopathy.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of urinary cholesterol/total protein ratio as a marker of selectivity of proteinuria: comparison with selectivity index]. 1931 16