Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The change in plasma concentration of human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF) in pregnant women with HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme and low platelets) syndrome was investigated, and the following results were obtained. (1) The plasma concentration of hHGF in pregnant women did not change with the gestational stage. (2) The plasma concentration of hHGF in pregnant women with EPH (edema, proteinuria and hypertension) gestosis was 0.19 +/- 0.07 ng/ml and did not differ greatly from that in control pregnant women. (3) The plasma concentration of hHGF in pregnant women with HELLP syndrome was 1.79 +/- 0.35 ng/ml; it was increased prominently compared to control pregnant women. (4) The plasma concentration of hHGF in pregnant women with HELLP syndrome changed parallel to the clinical symptoms of the syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Clinical use of human hepatocyte growth factor in the early detection of HELLP syndrome. 883 69

Investigations were carried out by means of an autologous, heterotopic model for kidney transplantation applied to dogs. Duration of cold ischemia was 48 h. Four experimental groups were arranged. During the first 20 min following revitalization of the transplanted kidney, group 1 (HTK solution/80 cm perfusion height) showed a significant glomerular and tubular malfunction. In group 2 (HTK solution/120 cm perfusion height), only four urinary proteins with molecular weights of 25 kDa, 67 kDa, 100 kDa and > 100 kDa were found. The excretion of higher molecular proteins receded over the 20-min period of observation. In both group 3 (HTK/aspartate solution) and group 4 (HTK/tryptophan solution) the quantity of excreted glomerular and tubular protein was well above that of group 2. As opposed to the "Tryptophan" group, a complete restoration of renal function was observed in the "Aspartate" group after 4 weeks. In general, the "standard" HTK protective solution delivered with 120 cm perfusion pressure gave the most favorable results, with the lowest levels of proteinuria and a satisfactory recovery of renal function after revitalization.
 ...
PMID:Effects of various HTK solution regimens on proteinuria after renal transplantation in dogs. 883 94

A 33-year-old man presented malar rash in April, 1992. The rash had gradually developed and he was admitted to our hospital in February, 1994. Laboratory findings showed proteinuria of 0.5-0.8 g/ day, thrombocytopenia (4.8 x 10(4)/mm3), false positive serologic test for syphilis, anti-nuclear antibody with a speckled type at a titer of 1 : 80. Activated partial thromboplastin time was prolonged (41.3 s), and anti-beta 2-GPI antibody was strongly positive (56.6 U/ml on enzyme linked immunosorbent assay). The diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus with antiphospholipid syndrome was made and prednisolone 60 mg/day improved his manifestations. He could be discharged in July, 1994. Nine months after the discharge he developed dyspnea, and he was admitted to our hospital again. On admission the blood pressure was 212/170 mmHg, Levine III/VI systolic murmur was noted at the apex of heart. Significant laboratory findings showed as follows: WBC 15, 110/mm3 (Neu 73%, Lym 18%), RBC 380 x 10(4)/mm3, Hb 10.2 g/dl, Plt 20.0 x 10(4)/mm3, GOT 23 IU/l, GPT 21.
 ...
PMID:[Acute cardiac failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus with antiphospholipid antibody]. 912 25

It was found that hyaluronic acid is the most abundant glycosaminoglycan (GAG) both in the umbilical cord arteries and in the umbilical cord veins. Chromatographic and as well as electrophoretic studies demonstrated that EPH-gestosis (Edema-Proteinuria-Hypertension), the most common pathological syndrome occurring in pregnancy, is accompanied by premature replacement of hyaluronic acid by sulphated GAGs in the investigated arteries but not in the veins. Such a replacement is a characteristic feature of the ageing process. One may conclude that EPH-gestosis is associated with a "premature ageing" of the umbilical cord arterial walls. The mechanism and possible role of this phenomenon in pathology are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Electrophoretic and chromatographic patterns of glycosaminoglycans of the umbilical cord vessels and their alteration in EPH-gestosis. 991 8

We report on a series of 26 patients diagnosed with primary (de novo) plasma cell (PC) leukemia (PCL) in whom we analyzed the clinicobiologic characteristics of the disease together with the immunophenotype, DNA cell content, proliferative index, and numeric chromosomal aberrations of the neoplastic PC, and compared them with 664 multiple myeloma (MM) patients at diagnosis. The median age, sex ratio, and bone lesion extension were similar, but PCL cases displayed a higher prevalence of clinical stage III, extramedullary involvement, and Bence Jones cases, with fewer IgA cases than for MM patients. In addition, according to several prognostic indicators (beta2-microglobulin serum level, proportion of S-phase PCs, proteinuria, calcium serum level, lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] and renal function), the incidence of adverse prognostic factors was significantly higher in PCL versus MM. Immunophenotypic expression was similar for CD38, CD138, CD2, CD3, CD16, CD10, CD13, and CD15, but PCL differed from MM in the expression of CD56, CD9 HLA-DR, CD117, and CD20 antigens. Twenty-two PCL cases were diploid and one was hypodiploid, while most MM cases (57%) showed DNA hyperdiploidy. With the fluorescent in situ hydridization (FISH) technique, 12 of 13 PCL cases displayed the numeric aberrations, -13 (86%), +/-1 (57%), +18 (43%), and -X in women (25%), but they lacked several numeric aberrations usually found in MM such as +3, +6, +9, +11, and +15. PCL cases had a lower overall response to therapy than MM cases (38% v 63%, P =.01332). Among PCL patients, a trend for a worse response was observed in cases treated with melphalan and prednisone (MP) versus polychemotherapy. Overall survival was significantly worse in PCL versus MM patients (8 v 36 months, P <.0001), but it was significantly better in PCL patients treated with polychemotherapy versus MP (18 v 3 months, P =.0137). By contrast, MM patients did not show significant differences in overall survival according to the treatment used, MP or polychemotherapy. Ten variables seemed to predict survival in PCL patients, but only the beta2-microglobulin level and S-phase PCs retained an independent value in multivariate analysis. In summary, our study illustrates that PCs from PCL display singular phenotypic, DNA cell content, and cytogenetic characteristics that lead to a different disease evolution versus MM.
 ...
PMID:Primary plasma cell leukemia: clinical, immunophenotypic, DNA ploidy, and cytogenetic characteristics. 1061 Jan 15

Oedema, proteinuria, hypertension (EPH)-gestosis (pre-eclampsia) is associated with a premature replacement of hyaluronic acid by sulphated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), both in the umbilical cord arteries and in Wharton's jelly. It may be concluded from our previous report that such a phenomenon may be the result of reduction in degradation of these compounds. In order to support such a conclusion the activities of GAG-degrading enzymes in normal umbilical cord arteries and those taken from newborns delivered by mothers with EPH-gestosis were compared. It was found that EPH-gestosis results in a significant reduction in the activities of neutral endoglycosidases degrading most of the sulphated GAGs (except keratan sulphate). In the case of acidic endoglycosidases, no characteristic alterations have been found. Only the activity of heparan sulphate-degrading endoglycosidase significantly decreased. In contrast to the above-mentioned endoglycosidases, the activities of arylsulphatase B and 6-sulphatase distinctly increased. The decrease in the activities of endoglycosidases are thought to be responsible for EPH-gestosis-associated accumulation of sulphated GAGs in extracellular matrix of Wharton's jelly. This leads to the suspicion that EPH-gestosis-induced changes in the GAGs composition may alter the fibrillogenesis conditions in Wharton's jelly. The sulphated GAGs accumulated in Wharton's jelly may interact with some growth factors which modify the myofibroblasts' proliferation, gene expression, protein biosynthesis and other processes. A significance of EPH-gestosis-induced alteration in Wharton's jelly is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Activities of some glycosaminoglycan- degrading enzymes in Wharton's jelly and their alteration in EPH-gestosis (Pre-eclampsia). 1046 Sep 52

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mediates increased vascular permeability and endothelial mitogenesis, and may orchestrate normal glomerular permselectivity and proteinuria. Distinct isoforms result from differential gene splicing. VEGF binds to two cell surface tyrosine-kinase receptors, KDR (kinase domain region) and Flt-1 (fms-like tyrosine kinase-1). The latter also exists in a soluble form (sFlt), which is inhibitory. We have studied patterns of VEGF-isoform and VEGF-receptor expression in isolated single normal human glomeruli. mRNA from 190 glomeruli (from 20 individuals) was harvested on to magnetic beads, and nested reverse transcription-PCR was performed using primers for the VEGF isoforms and VEGF receptors. Simultaneous nested reverse transcription-PCR for CD45 was conducted in order to exclude leucocyte contamination. Unexpected products were isolated, cloned and sequenced. Multiple patterns of glomerular VEGF mRNA isoform expression were identified. Most frequently (58%), all three common forms were expressed. VEGF(189) (i.e. 189-amino-acid form of VEGF) was expressed in 63%, VEGF(165) in 85% and VEGF(121) in 84% of glomeruli. Two unexpected PCR products were also identified: 18% of glomeruli expressed VEGF(145), and 27% of glomeruli expressed a new truncated VEGF splice variant, VEGF(148), lacking exon 6, the terminal part of exon 7 and exon 8. Multiple patterns of VEGF-receptor expression were also identified, the most common being expression of all three isoforms (28%). Overall, KDR was seen in 59% of glomeruli, Flt-1 in 45% and sFlt in 57%. Thus the expression of VEGF within normal glomeruli is complex and variable, with inter- and intra-individual variation. Furthermore, sFlt appears to be the co-dominant form of VEGF receptor expressed within glomeruli, suggesting that, in healthy individuals, a degree of VEGF autoregulation is the norm. The physiological importance of VEGF(148) remains to be confirmed.
 ...
PMID:Heterogeneous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) isoform mRNA and receptor mRNA expression in human glomeruli, and the identification of VEGF148 mRNA, a novel truncated splice variant. 1046 55

Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder characterized by hypertension and proteinuria. There is accumulating evidence that this is a disease of the endothelium, with an as-yet unidentified circulating factor, or factors, causing the observed alteration in vascular function. We previously reported that the function of myometrial vessels is altered on exposure to plasma from women with preeclampsia. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic growth factor that acts via two high-affinity receptors (KDR and Flt-1), and its production is increased in preeclampsia. Here we report that VEGF and its Flt-1 receptor may play a pivotal role in the altered vascular function of preeclampsia. Myometrial resistance vessels were obtained at the time of cesarean section. Using the Mulvany wire myograph, the endothelium-dependent behavior of these vessels was studied. Incubation of vessels from pregnant women with VEGF resulted in a reduction of endothelium-dependent relaxation that mimicked the reduction induced by plasma from women with preeclampsia. The altered function that occurred upon exposure of vessels to VEGF or plasma from women with preeclampsia did not occur when plasma was incubated with antibodies to VEGF before vessel incubation. The presence of an anti-KDR receptor antibody had no effect on VEGF response. However, in the presence of an anti-Flt-1 receptor antibody, VEGF or plasma from women with preeclampsia no longer attenuated the endothelium-dependent relaxation (p < 0.05). The changes observed with VEGF and plasma from women with preeclampsia and their subsequent blockade with anti-VEGF antibody and anti-Flt-1 receptor antibody strongly suggest that VEGF acting through the Flt-1 receptor is pivotal in the pathogenesis of this disease.
 ...
PMID:VEGF via VEGF receptor-1 (Flt-1) mimics preeclamptic plasma in inhibiting uterine blood vessel relaxation in pregnancy: implications in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. 1049 28

In the passive Heymann nephritis (PHN) model of membranous nephropathy, C5b-9 induces glomerular epithelial cell (GEC) injury and proteinuria, which is partially mediated via production of eicosanoids. Using rat GEC in culture, we demonstrated that sublytic C5b-9 induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), Neu, fibroblast growth factor receptor-2, and hepatocyte growth factor receptor. In addition, C5b-9 stimulated increases in tyrosine(204) phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-2 (ERK2), as well as free [(3)H]arachidonic acid (AA) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)). Phosphorylated EGF-R bound the adaptor protein, Grb2, and the EGF-R-selective tyrphostin, AG1478, blocked the C5b-9-induced ERK2 phosphorylation, [(3)H]AA release, and PGE(2) production by 45 to 65%, supporting a functional role for EGF-R kinase in mediating the activation of these pathways. Glomeruli isolated from rats with PHN demonstrated increases in ERK2 tyrosine(204) phosphorylation and PGE(2) production, as compared with glomeruli from control rats, and these increases were partially inhibited with AG1478. Thus, C5b-9 induces transactivation of receptor tyrosine kinases, in association with ERK2 activation, AA release, and PGE(2) production in cultured GEC and glomerulonephritis in vivo. Transactivated tyrosine kinases may serve as scaffolds for assembly and/or activation of proteins, which then lead to activation of the ERK2 cascade and AA metabolism.
 ...
PMID:Complement C5b-9 induces receptor tyrosine kinase transactivation in glomerular epithelial cells. 1055 Mar 26

Nonsecretory myeloma, which accounts for 1% to 5% of all myelomas, is characterized by the absence of detectable M-protein in serum and urine. The presenting features of nonsecretory myeloma are similar to those in patients with a detectable M-protein, except for the absence of renal function impairment. The response to therapy and survival of patients with nonsecretory myeloma are similar to those of patients with measurable M-protein. Immunoglobulin D myeloma represents 2% of all myelomas. Patients with IgD myeloma usually present with a small band or no evident M-spike on serum electrophoresis and heavy light-chain proteinuria. Thus, IgD myeloma can be considered a variant of Bence Jones myeloma; the presence of the IgD M-protein and the predominance of the lambda light chain are the only distinctive features. The median survival of patients with IgD myeloma is almost 2 years, with one fifth of them surviving for more than 5 years. Plasma cell leukemia is also a rare form of plasma cell dyscrasia (2% to 4% of all myelomas). The primary form accounts for 60% of the cases. In primary PCL, the constellation of adverse biologic prognostic factors in patients with advanced aggressive myeloma is already present at diagnosis. In fact, primary PCL has a more aggressive clinical presentation than MM, with a higher frequency of extramedullary involvement, anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypercalcemia, and renal failure. Treatment with a single alkylating agent plus prednisone is not appropriate. Combination chemotherapy with VAD, cyclophosphamide and etoposide, or VCMP/VBAP is a better initial option. Given the poor prognosis of primary PCL, intensification with high-dose therapy followed by stem cell rescue should be offered to affected patients.
 ...
PMID:Nonsecretory myeloma, immunoglobulin D myeloma, and plasma cell leukemia. 1062 49


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>