Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency has a neurological involvement as a common symptom among reported cases. No major symptom except that exists for DHPDH deficiency. On the other hand, relationship between neurological involvement and metabolic disorder is still obscure. For the purpose of looking for more patients with DHPDH deficiency, a screening method for DHPDH deficiency is introduced. Urinary uracil was determined colorimetrically. This method is not so complicated and less time consuming as previous method such as liquid chromatography. With this method, it is possible to detect about 1 mmol/l (12 mg/dl) of uracil, which is sensitive enough for the screening for DHPDH deficiency. Interfering substance in urine were negligible. Addition of albumin to normal urine dose not affect the result but proteinuria results in false positive. The urine from 83 epileptic children were screened with this method, but no patients were found.
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PMID:A screening method for dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency with colorimetric detection of urinary uracil. 262 79

S-1 is a novel oral anticancer drug, composed of tegafur (FT), gimestat (CDHP) and otastat potassium (Oxo) in a molar ratio of 1:0.4:1, based on the biochemical modulation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). CDHP inhibits dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), an enzyme which degrades 5-FU, and maintains prolonged 5-FU concentrations in the blood and tumours. Oxo is distributed in the gastrointestinal tract at a high concentration after oral administration and alleviates gastrointestinal toxicity due to 5-FU. S-1 improves the tumour-selective toxicity of 5-FU by the actions of two modulators, CDHP and Oxo. We conducted a late phase II clinical trial of S-1 as an open trial in patients with advanced gastric cancer, to confirm its antitumour effect and adverse reactions. 51 patients with advanced gastric cancer were enrolled in the trial. S-1 was administered orally twice daily after meals, at a standard dose of 80 mg/m2/day. One course consisted of consecutive administration for 28 days and 14 days' rest. Administration was repeated over four courses. A complete response was obtained in 1 patient and partial responses in 24 patients, producing a response rate of 49% (25/51) (95% confidence interval (CI) 35.9-62.3%). The incidence of adverse reactions was 78% (40/51) and that of adverse reactions of grades 3 and 4 was 20%. Adverse reactions of grades 3 and 4 included a decrease in the haematocrit, leucopenia, granulocytopenia, diarrhoea, malaise and proteinuria. No serious unexpected adverse reactions were observed. In conclusion, S-1 was effective and well tolerated in patients with advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:Late phase II study of novel oral fluoropyrimidine anticancer drug S-1 (1 M tegafur-0.4 M gimestat-1 M otastat potassium) in advanced gastric cancer patients. 989 58