Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sixteen nephrotized rats and eight controls were submitted to a continuous sterol balance for two weeks. During the whole experiment (two months) the rats were pair-fed a balanced sterol-free diet and their proteinuria regularly measured as a parameter of the nephrotic state. Serum cholesterol and albumin were also measured at the end of the experiment. Liver and carcass (excluding intestine and central nervous system) as well as feces were submitted to sterol analysis by gas-liquid chromatography. Sterol losses were corrected for by adding radioactive cholesterol and cholic acid at the beginning of the methodological procedures. The results showed that while fecal sterol excretion was similar in the nephrotic group as compared to controls, a definite increase in serum, carcass, and liver cholesterol was observed in the nephrotic animals, indicating that a real enhancement of synthesis had occurred. The meaning of increased cholesterol hepatic content is discussed, as well as the possible relationship between enhanced protein and cholesterol hepatic synthesis.
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PMID:Origin of hypercholesterolemia in chronic experimental nephrotic syndrome. 89 13

The effectiveness of urinalysis reagent strips for haematuria and proteinuria in selecting Schistosoma haematobium egg-positive persons was studied on 426 subjects of all ages in a Kenyan community before and 3 months after treatment with praziquantel. Before and after treatment, the degree of urinary blood or protein and prevalence of egg positives were closely associated. Haematuria and proteinuria were positively correlated with urinary egg counts. For selecting egg-positive persons with reagent strips, a combined criterion 'haematuria trace up or proteinuria 1 + up' was considered the best in this area. With this criterion, sensitivity and specificity before treatment were 69.6 and 84.4 respectively. These values remained at the same level (70.7 and 81.2%) even after treatment with praziquantel reduced prevalence from 59.4 to 13.6% (77% reduction) and intensity of infection from 57.2 to 11.3 eggs 10 ml-1 of urine (80% reduction). Although the sensitivity was not very high, heavy infections were not missed. If all those selected with reagent strips were treated and cured, a 98% reduction in total egg excretion by the community would be expected in both our first and second urine examinations.
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PMID:The usefulness of urinalysis reagent strips in selecting Schistosoma haematobium egg positives before and after treatment with praziquantel. 175 12

The reliability of using urinalysis reagent strips, which semi-quantitatively measure hematuria and proteinuria, to correctly select urine specimens found by microscopy to have Schistosoma haematobium eggs was studied in 359 previously unscreened Kenyan primary school children. The presence of and degree of hematuria and proteinuria were highly correlated with the presence of S. haematobium eggs and with egg counts in urine specimens. Hematuria was more strongly correlated with S. haematobium egg counts than was proteinuria. The ability of presence of hematuria or proteinuria, or both, to select all microscopically positive cases of urinary schistosomiasis for treatment was tested using sensitivity (ST) and specificity (SP) analysis. Selection of cases using 1) presence of hematuria alone, and 2) presence of either hematuria or proteinuria had the highest combined ST and SP (88% ST, 97% SP; 91% ST, 92% SP, respectively). Most of the few cases detected by microscopy but not by reagent strips had low egg counts. The presence of hematuria alone failed to detect only 12% of S. haematobium-positive cases (mostly low egg counts), and only 3% of S. haematobium-negative persons had urinary blood and would have received unnecessary treatment. Preliminary studies on the use of reagent strips to screen previously infected children 6 months after treatment, and the effects of seasonal variations in temperature and humidity on urine specimen volume, egg counts, and reagent strip results are also presented. The practical field use and cost of reagent strips in S. haematobium control programs are discussed.
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PMID:Sensitivity and specificity of reagent strips in screening of Kenyan children for Schistosoma haematobium infection. 648 95

Sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP) are major regulators of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis. This study found that age-related renal matrix deposition and proteinuria were associated with increased renal expression of SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 and increased renal accumulation of triglyceride and cholesterol. Because calorie restriction (CR) modulates age-related renal disease, it then was determined whether the effects of CR are mediated partially by modulation of renal lipid metabolism. Compared with ad libitum (AL)-fed 24-month-old (24 m) F344BN rats, CR resulted in significant decreases in extracellular matrix accumulation (periodic acid-Schiff staining and immunofluorescence of type IV collagen and fibronectin) and proteinuria. A significant decrease was also observed in the renal expression of growth factors (connective tissue growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor) and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1). These structural and functional changes were associated with significant decreases in renal nuclear SREBP-1 (5.2 in 24 m AL versus 3.3 densitometry units in 24 m CR; P < 0.01) and SREBP-2 (7.1 in 24 m AL versus 4.1 densitometry units in 24 m CR; P < 0.01) protein abundance and renal triglyceride and cholesterol contents. It is interesting that serum leptin level was significantly increased as a function of aging, and CR resulted in significant reduction in serum leptin level. Because it was shown previously that increased renal expression of SREBP-1a per se caused renal lipid accumulation, glomerulosclerosis, and proteinuria, the results suggest that CR modulates age-related renal disease in part by modulation of renal SREBP expression and renal lipid accumulation.
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PMID:Calorie restriction modulates renal expression of sterol regulatory element binding proteins, lipid accumulation, and age-related renal disease. 1594 39