Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The health condition and course of fermentation processes in the rumen were studied in four cows of the Red Spotted breed at the age of four to nine years. The clinico-biochemical indices in the rumen liquor and urine were used. The experimental animals were exposed to a mixture of aflatoxins applied in the dose of 200 mg B1 and 80 mg B2. The toxic action of aflatoxins manifested itself as inappetence, increased temperature, changes in the pulse and respiration rate and reduced activity of the proventriculi. Diarrhoea was observed in two animals. The pH value, total acidity and ammonia level in rumen liquor ranged within the limits of reference values. The significant drop of the production of volatile fatty acids with changes in their proportions and a reduction of the acetic acid level with a simultaneous increase of the percentage of butyric acid testity to a disorder in the activity of rumen microflora. The reduction of the number of infusorians as a biological indicator of fermentation processes proves the correctness of this assumption. During the elimination of aflatoxins through the kidneys the function of the kidneys is impaired, showed proteinuria, ketonuria, glycosuria and haematuria.
 ...
PMID:[Changes of the clinico-biochemical indices in the rumirid juice and urine in experimental aflatoxicosis of dairy cows]. 40 95

A 14-month feeding experiment was conducted with 16 high-yielding cows, each given a daily supplement of 2 kg soya meal regardless of milk yield or the stage of lactation, in comparison with 8 normally-fed cows. At monthly intervals various parameters of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism and of liver function were determined. At the end of the trial, samples of liver were obtained by biopsy for morphological and histochemical examination. Supplementation had a pronounced effect on milk yield and fat content, averaging over 900 kg of milk and 0.2% fat content more than during the preceding year. The parameters of metabolism revealed clear signs of subclinical ketosis, particularly during the first third of the trial period. Changes were greatest during the 3rd and 4th months of the trial, when the protein content of the ration was particularly high (over 3 kg) and when the energy supply ratio was particularly unfavourable (PEQ 300). At the end of the trial some abnormalities were detected in individual animals in the biochemical properties of blood and urine, and the morphological, histochemical and ultrastructural appearance of the liver. These changes included increases in KK, BTS and bilirubin concentrations in the blood; ketonuria, proteinuria; perilobular fat infiltration with glycogen depletion; changes in succinate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase activities. In most animals the liver seemed to have become adapted to a high protein intake.
 ...
PMID:[Experimental studies on the ketogenic effect of high doses of proteins in dairy cows]. 124 54

Proteinuria was diminished by concomitant oral administration of sorbinil, an aldose reductase inhibitor to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Animals were placed in one of three groups: control, diabetic, sorbinil-treated diabetic. For a period of 10 weeks, 24-hour urine samples were analyzed weekly for volume, glucose, ketone, total protein (Pesce-Strande) and individual protein components having molecular weights between 15,000 and 120,000 daltons. The latter were examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and quantitated by laser densitometric analysis. Results indicated that controls excreted albumin (68,000 daltons) and low-molecular weight proteins between 15,000 and 20,000 daltons. Throughout the 10-week period of diabetes, there was a 7- to 12-fold increase in total urinary protein excreted in 24 h. Diabetic-induced proteinuria primarily resulted from excretion of newly detected proteins having molecular weights of 30,000-100,000 daltons and an increase amount of albumin. Sorbinil treatment prevented approximately 70% of the increase in total protein excretion despite persistent hyperglycemia, glycosuria and ketonuria. Laser densitometric analysis indicated that the aldose reductase inhibitor decreased by 70% the excretion of newly detected proteins and albumin while maintaining the 15,000- to 20,000-dalton proteins. These results suggest that the polyol pathway is implicated in diabetic-induced proteinuria and inhibition of aldose reductase may represent a therapeutic approach for management of diabetic nephropathy.
 ...
PMID:Diminished proteinuria in diabetes mellitus by sorbinil, an aldose reductase inhibitor. 308 Jul 63

Selected hemodynamic, renal, and biochemical parameters were assessed in chronically instrumented third-trimester pregnant ewes and in the same ewes after induction of pregnancy toxemia. Ewes with induced pregnancy toxemia developed hypertension, proteinuria, ketonuria, decreased glomerular filtration rate, decreased cardiac output, and decreased left uterine artery blood flow. Histological and transmission electron microscopy revealed the development of renal morphologic changes consistent with those observed in human pregnancy-induced hypertension. These studies have elucidated that pregnancy-induced hypertension can be produced experimentally in the pregnant ewe. Furthermore, the pathophysiologic features of ovine pregnancy toxemia are similar to those of human preeclampsia, and therefore the sheep provides a suitable animal model to study the human condition, which still remains a major complication of pregnancy, jeopardizing both mother and fetus.
 ...
PMID:Pregnancy-induced hypertension: development of a model in the pregnant sheep. 372 88

The winter athlete has several potential tactics for sustaining body temperature in the face of severe cold. An increase in the intensity of physical activity may be counter-productive because of increased respiratory heat loss, increased air or water movement over the body surface, and a pumping of air or water beneath the clothing. Shivering can generate heat at a rate of 10 to 15 kJ/min, but it impairs skilled performance, while the resultant glycogen usage hastens the onset of fatigue and mental confusion. Non-shivering thermogenesis could arise in either brown adipose tissue or white fat. Brown adipose tissue generates heat by the action of free fatty acids in uncoupling mitochondrial electron transport, and by noradrenaline-induced membrane depolarisation and sodium pumping. The existence of brown adipose tissue in human adults is controversial, and although there are theoretical mechanisms of heat production in white fat, their contribution to the maintenance of body temperature is small. Acclimatisation to cold develops over the course of about 10 days, and in humans the primary change is an insulative, hypothermic type of response; this reflects the intermittent nature of most occupational and athletic exposures to cold. Nevertheless, with more sustained exposure to cold air or water, humans can apparently develop the humoral type of acclimatisation described in small mammals, with an increased output of noradrenaline and/or thyroxine. The associated mobilisation of free fatty acids suggests the possibility of using winter sport as a pleasant method of treating obesity. In men, a combination of moderate exercise and facial cooling induces a substantial fat loss over a 1- to 2-week period, with an associated ketonuria, proteinuria, and increase of body mass. Possible factors contributing to this fat loss include: (a) a small energy deficit; (b) the energy cost of synthesising new lean tissue; (c) energy loss through the storage and excretion of ketone bodies; (d) catecholamine-induced 'futile' metabolic cycles with increased resting metabolism; and (e) a specific reaction to cold dehydration. Current limitations for the clinical application of such treatment include uncertainty regarding optimal environmental conditions, concern over possible pathological reactions to cold, and suggestions of a less satisfactory fat mobilisation in female patients. Possible interactions between physical fitness and metabolic reactions to cold remain controversial.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Adaptation to exercise in the cold. 388 60

A survey of 67 pregnancies in 51 professional women (physicians, psychologists, nurses, administrators, etc.) revealed the occurrence of symptoms of cognitive dysfunction such as forgetfulness, disorientation, confusion and reading difficulties in 28 pregnancies occurring in 21 women. These were unrelated to such factors as age of delivery, percentage weight gain, the baby's sex or birth weight, alcohol consumption, smoking, a history of migraine or allergy or other symptoms occurring during pregnancy such as sleepiness and lack of concentration, irritability, loss of interest in job or nightmares. Nor was there any correlation with hypertension, proteinuria, glycosuria, ketonuria, anemia, or morning sickness. Furthermore, these cognitive disturbances were not related to depression or sleep deprivation. Despite these symptoms, none of the women suffering from them were forced to interrupt their professional activities during pregnancy. The syndrome of benign encephalopathy of pregnancy should be recognized so that simple precautions can be taken to prevent any interference with professional or other activities. The etiology of the syndrome is unknown.
 ...
PMID:Benign encephalopathy of pregnancy. Preliminary clinical observations. 395 58

Interrelations between glucose and electrolyte homeostasis were evaluated in 193 insulin-treated diabetic out-patients. All had normal serum creatinine and were studied during their everyday metabolic control. Although the patients were selected to be without proteinuria and ketonuria, they exhibited wide ranges of blood glucose values (2.5-29.5 mmol/l) and urine glucose excretions (0-301 mmol/mmol creatinine). Patients with blood glucose values within 2.5-10 mmol/l (n = 80) had entirely normal levels of serum sodium (140.6 +/- 2.7 (SD) versus 141.0 +/- 2.6 mmol/l) and potassium (4.35 +/- 0.38 versus 4.40 +/- 0.38 mmol/l) as compared with normals (n = 371). In contrast, diabetics with higher blood glucose concentrations (n = 113) showed hyponatremia (137.7 +/- 2.6 mmol/l, p less than 0.001) and a moderate increase of serum potassium (4.60 +/- 0.39 mmol/l, p less than 0.001). On stratification into classes of blood glucose, serum sodium declined from 142 to 135 mmol/l (r = -0.61, p less than 0.001), whereas serum potassium rose from 4.33 to 4.87 mmol/l (r = 0.37, p less than 0.001). Despite these reciprocal changes the urinary excretion rates relative to creatinine of sodium potassium and water rose with rising degrees of glycosuria (r = 0.24, p less than 0.001; r = 0.28, p less than 0.001; and r = 0.63, p less than 0.001, respectively). The decline in serum sodium represents a well-known osmoregulatory response to hyperglycemia. However, the rising level of serum potassium in virtual absence of renal failure and ketonuria suggests an abnormality in potassium homeostasis. Diabetic dysregulation, or rather insulin deficiency may be its cause.
 ...
PMID:Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia in relation to hyperglycemia in insulin-treated diabetic out-patients. 703 73

Because very little nutritional research has been conducted on participants in ultra marathons and none has been reported on participants in cold weather ultramarathons, this study was undertaken with the purpose of examining the nutritional intakes and urine characteristics of participants in a cold weather ultramarathon. Fourteen participants (13 males and 1 female) in the IditaSport human powered ultramarathon volunteered to be subjects in this study. Pre and post race weights, skinfolds, and urine samples were taken. In addition, a dietary recall was done for the day(s) of the race. Data analysis revealed that a mean of 30,864 (17,143) kJ of energy were consumed with 71% of the energy coming from carbohydrate sources. Despite no significant change in body fat as measured by skinfolds, there was a significant (P < 0.5) decrease in body weight. Ketonuria and proteinuria were present in 83 percent and 92 percent of the subjects. When compared with participants in endurance events taking place in warmer climates, competitors in the IditaSport races consumed more energy with carbohydrates making up a greater percentage of their diets.
 ...
PMID:Dietary intakes of participants in the IditaSport Human Powered Ultra-marathon. 761 70

A 9-year-old spayed female Labrador Retriever was evaluated for anorexia, lethargy, and vomiting of 5 days' duration. Laboratory abnormalities included azotemia, high liver enzyme activities, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, glucosuria, ketonuria, proteinuria, and aminoaciduria. These laboratory abnormalities were diagnostic of proximal renal tubular acidosis and Fanconi syndrome. Results of initial and convalescent serologic tests for leptospirosis were negative. The dog was treated with amoxicillin, sodium bicarbonate, and potassium citrate at discharge. Repeated evaluations revealed resolution of the acidosis, azotemia, proteinuria, glucosuria, ketonuria, and high liver enzyme activities. Alkali administration was gradually discontinued, and the dog was clinically normal 8 months after discharge. The dog's clinical condition appeared to have been transient in nature, a phenomenon that is rarely seen in human or veterinary medicine.
 ...
PMID:Transient proximal renal tubular acidosis and Fanconi syndrome in a dog. 1515 30

Case history The two obese mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) showed clinical signs of depression, anorexia, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, glucosuria, proteinuria and ketonuria. Septic bed sore wounds were noted on both fore and hind limbs. Results Histopathological study revealed severe islet amyloidosis in both mandrills. Immunohistochemical study using polyclonal anti-cat amylin antibody confirmed derivation of the islet amyloid from islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). Cardiomyopathy and myocardial fibrosis were also evident. Conclusions The present study documents diabetes mellitus in two obese mandrills. Diabetes in these animals had features very similar type 2 diabetes mellitus of humans, including the development of severe, IAPP-derived islet amyloidosis. The mandrill may, therefore, serve as an animal model of human type 2 diabetes mellitus.
 ...
PMID:Spontaneous diabetes mellitus in captive Mandrillus sphinx monkeys: a case report. 1819 24


1 2 Next >>