Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two hundred six patients were entered into a prospective controlled, double-blind, multicenter trial comparing azathioprine (AZA) 1.25-1.5 mg/kg/day with D-penicillamine (DP) 10-12 mg/kg/day. One hundred thirty-four patients completed 24 weeks of therapy. Improvement in nearly all efficacy variables was seen in both groups. Patients taking DP demonstrated a greater rise in hemoglobin concentration and greater fall in erythrocyte sedimentation rate than patients receiving AZA; these were the only efficacy variables with a significant difference between the treatment groups. Fewer withdrawals for adverse reactions occurred among the patients receiving AZA, but the difference was not significant. Patients receiving AZA were withdrawn from the drug mainly for abnormal liver function test results, nausea and gastrointestinal upset, and leukopenia. The main reasons for withdrawal of patients receiving DP were nausea, rash and pruritus, thrombocytopenia, dysgeusia, and proteinuria.
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PMID:Azathioprine versus D-penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis patients who have been treated unsuccessfully with gold. 637 8

Thirty six patients with advanced solid tumors (24 lung: 3 oat-cell, 14 squamous, 7 adenocarcinomas, 3 soft tissue sarcomas, 6 breast carcinomas; 1 seminoma; 2 ovarian adenocarcinomas) entered a phase II study of high-dose ifosfamide (IF) administered in combination with the uroprotective agent sodium 2-mercapto-ethane-sulfonate (Mesna). Fourteen patients had prior treatment; most patients with lung cancer (22/24) were previously untreated; all had measurable disease. The patients median age was 59 (range 31-74). IF was given at 1.8 g/m2 days 1-5 q 4 weeks. Mesna was given after each IF injection at 0, 4 and 8 h randomly, either i.v. (0.36 g/m2) or orally (0.72 g/m2). Twenty-four patients had greater than or equal to 3 courses of therapy, 9 had 2 courses, and 3 had only 1 course; 129 courses were evaluated for toxicity. Mesna was given orally (17 patients, 57 courses) or i.v. (19 patients, 72 courses). The following side-effect were observed: no gross hematuria, microhematuria (14 courses), transitory mild proteinuria (34 courses), leukopenia grade I-II ECOG (26 courses), anemia grade I ECOG (31 courses), 1 case of pancytopenia, alopecia (31 patients), nausea (moderate, 33 courses; severe, 6 courses), vomiting (moderate, 17 courses; severe, 1 course). Five patients showed a partial response (1 oat-cell carcinoma, 2 with squamous lung cancer, 1 with ovarian carcinoma, 1 with breast carcinoma), 14 showed a minor response (2 patients with oat-cell carcinoma, 2 with lung adenocarcinoma, 5 with squamous lung cancer, 1 with seminoma, 1 with sarcoma, 1 with ovarian carcinoma), and 14 showed progression of disease (7 patients with squamous cell lung cancer, 4 with lung adenocarcinoma, 1 with sarcoma, 2 with breast carcinoma). Considering partial plus minor responses, ifosfamide produced some degree of tumor reduction (PR + MR) in 12/23 (52.1%) lung cancer patients. The data reported support the conclusions that Mesna can prevent high-dose IF bladder toxicity, that IF is active in advanced solid tumors, including lung cancer, and that the IF + Mesna combination is a generally safe treatment procedure.
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PMID:Phase II study of ifosfamide combined with Mesna uroprotection in advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma and other solid tumors. 643 51

A phase I-II study of KW2083, an analog of mitomycin C (MMC) was performed in a total of 22 patients. KW2083 was escalated by single intravenous administration of 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 mg/m2 doses. Treatments were repeated every 4-6 weeks unless unacceptable toxicities occurred. The median times taken to reach nadir for each dose level were 9-12 days for leukocytes and 7-13 days for platelets respectively. The median times taken for recovery were 8-22 days for leukopenia and 10-37 days for thrombocytopenia. Variable and non-predictable hematological toxicity was observed in some cases. Biphasic hematological toxicity was observed in 4 courses. Acute toxicity occurred in 17 courses for 11 patients and consisted of nausea (44%), vomiting (13%), diarrhea (2.7%) and stomatitis (2.7%). Nephrotoxicity (elevation of BUN, 8.1% and proteinuria, 5.4%) occurred in 3 patients who had no previous impairment of renal function. Alopecia (8.1%) was also observed. Marked elevations of hepatic enzymes were noted in one patient who developed acute fulminant hepatitis with the second dose of KW2083. Objective response was observed in one of 20 evaluable patients. From this preliminary study, the maximum tolerable dose is 70 mg/m2 and the optimal dose of KW2083 was determined to be 50 mg/m2 at 6-week intervals. KW2083 has been introduced as an MMC analog of potential interest. However, hematological and non of hematological toxicities are very similar to those of MMC and does not appear that KW2083 will supersede MMC.
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PMID:[Phase I-II study of 7-N-(P-hydroxyphenyl)-mitomycin C (KW2083, M83)]. 647 44

The Phase I study of N-7-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-mitomycin C (KW 2083, M 83) was performed. The dose-limiting toxicity was leukopenia and thrombocytopenia and a maximum tolerable dose was 70 mg/m2. Nonhematologic toxicities included nausea (44%), vomiting (13%), diarrhea (2.7%), azotemia (8.1%), proteinuria (5.4%), alopecia (8.1%) and elevated hepatic enzymes (2.7%). This Phase I study indicates that the recommended starting dose for Phase II studies for patients without significant myelosuppression would be 50 mg/m2 at 6 week intervals in an intravenous push. KW 2083 should be avoided in patients with impaired renal functions and proteinuria because of permanent renal damages caused by the drug.
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PMID:Phase I study of 7-N-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-mitomycin C. 651 Dec 42

We report ophthalmological findings in 15 cases of nephropathia epidemica. The patients, 13 men and 2 women, were 20 to 62 (mean 30) years of age. The onset of the disease was characterized by high fever, nausea, headache, abdominal pain, backache, somnolence, red throat, proteinuria, and oliguria. The symptoms subsided rapidly during the polyuria stage. Transitory myopia occurred in 8 patients (53%). Conjunctival injection and haemorrhages were seen in 3 patients (20%). One patient had acute glaucoma with oedema in the cornea and shallowing of the anterior chamber, with subsequent anterior uveitis and haemorrhages in the ocular fundus, and another patients had acute glaucoma. Three patients had photophobia which occurred in 2 patients without any glaucoma or anterior uveitis.
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PMID:Ophthalmological findings in nephropathia epidemica in Lapland. 653 41

Continuous oral dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) treatment (7-15 g/day) was given to 3 patients with amyloidosis of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), 3 patients with idiopathic amyloidosis, and 7 patients with secondary amyloidosis. The nephrotic syndrome and various degrees of renal insufficiency were the major clinical manifestation in all case. Renal function was used as the main parameter for evaluation of therapy. DMSO treatment for 7-16 months produced no effect in the FMF patients and in the patient with idiopathic amyloidosis; they all ran the predictable clinical course of their disease and either died of cardiac failure or have been maintained on chronic haemodialysis. In the 7 patients with secondary amyloidosis an unequivocal improvement of renal function was observed following 3-6 months of DMSO treatment. It was shown by a 30-100% rise of creatinine clearance and a decline in proteinuria. This new equilibrium has been maintained as long as DMSO was administered. No serious side effects of DMSO wee encountered. Mild nausea and an unpleasant breath odour were the patients' main concern. We conclude that a therapeutic trial with oral DMSO is warranted in all patients with secondary amyloidosis. This treatment is unpleasant but bears no exceptional risks. It may significantly prolong life, though its effect on amyloid deposits themselves is doubtful.
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PMID:Prolonged dimethylsulphoxide treatment in 13 patients with systemic amyloidosis. 714 95

The clinical features, laboratory investigations and histopathology of 12 patients with idiopathic acute fatty liver of pregnancy are presented. Repeated vomiting, starting in the last trimester, was the cardinal symptom. Seven patients had proteinuria, hypertension and peripheral oedema before jaundice appeared. Caesarian section and induction of labour led to a lower than expected maternal mortality (33 X 3 per cent) and foetal mortality (66 X 7 per cent). There was a high incidence of twin and male births. Neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia and normoblasts were a uniform feature and uric acid levels were universally high. These findings may be useful in diagnosis in conjunction with liver function tests. Hepatic histology showed pathognomonic microvesicular fat in swollen hepatocytes with central nuclei and centrilobular distribution. However, a diffuse pattern and the presence of significant inflammation and fibrin deposits led to an initial misdiagnosis in two patients. Histology of fetal livers and five placentae was normal. Seven subsequent normal pregnancies occurred in four patients. Acute fatty liver of pregnancy may be confused with acute hepatitis or toxaemia on both clinical and histological grounds. Accurate diagnosis should lead to improved management and lessen maternal and fetal mortality. This justifies more intensive and urgent investigation of nausea, vomiting and jaundice in the last trimester of pregnancy.
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PMID:Idiopathic acute fatty liver of pregnancy in 12 patients. 715 26

A phase I trial of diglycoaldehyde (Inox) in children with leukemia established that the maximum tolerated dose of a 5-day schedule was 1.5 g/m2/day. A phase II study was undertaken by the Children's Cancer Study Group to evaluate the efficacy of this dose. Forty-seven children with acute leukemia refractory to conventional forms of therapy were entered in the study: 29 patients with acute lymphocyte leukemia/acute undifferentiated leukemia and 18 with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Inox was administered at a dose of 1.5 g/m2 as a 4-6 hour iv infusion daily for 5 days every 14 days. Toxic effects included myelosuppression, proteinuria, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, local tissue reactions, hypocalcemia, transitory serum amylase elevation, and transitory hypotension. There was one life-threatening episode of drug-related renal toxicity. Of the 27 patients who received a minimum of two courses, partial remissions were observed in two patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Inox was inactive against advanced acute lymphocytic leukemia.
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PMID:Phase II evaluation of diglycoaldehyde (Inox) in children with acute leukemia: a children's cancer study group report. 742 52

For 10 weeks a 25-year-old man had been suffering from tiredness, fatigue, nausea and a 16 kg weight loss. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (83/133 mm), serum C-reactive protein (5.5 mg/dl) and creatinine (5.05 mg/dl) were all elevated. He also had proteinuria (1120 mg daily), sterile leukocytosis and a creatinine clearance of 10 ml/min. Renal biopsy showed interstitial nephritis and bone marrow biopsy revealed non-caseous epithelioid-cell granulomas. 14 days after admission he developed acute iritis in the right eye. Other causes having been excluded, the diagnosis of tubulo-intestinal nephritis with uveitis (TINU syndrome) was made. The clinical symptoms and laboratory findings improved within a few days of the start of glucocorticoid treatment (initially, 100 mg prednisone daily, reduced to 5 mg within 30 days). The patient was discharged after 8 days in good general condition.
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PMID:[Tubulointerstitial nephritis-uveitis syndrome (TINU syndrome)]. 778 99

The clinical picture of nephropathia epidemica (NE) among children is poorly understood. We made a retrospective analysis of 32 patients aged 4-15 years treated in hospital for serologically verified recent NE. The most common clinical findings were high fever (100%), nausea (81%), vomiting (72%), tenderness in the kidney area (63%), abdominal pains (59%) and headache (59%). A peculiar symptom of NE, transient visual abnormalities, was found in 25% of patients. Four children had clinical bleeding and 1 had encephalitis. 44% were transiently hypertensive. Renal function was impaired in 84%, proteinuria was present in 97%, hematuria in 73% and leukocyturia in 44%. Other common laboratory findings were thrombocytopenia (87%), leukocytosis (41%), elevated ERS (74%, up to 76 mm/h) and CRP level (89%, up to 97 mg/l), elevated liver enzymes (53%) and hypoalbuminemia (50%). No child needed dialysis therapy and all recovered. NE seems to be less severe in children than in adults.
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PMID:Clinical picture of nephropathia epidemica in children. 791 22


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