Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diaziquone (AZQ), a synthetic quinone with demonstrated activity against acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), primary CNS tumors, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), is virtually devoid of nonhematopoietic toxicity at conventional doses. As a prelude to its inclusion into bone marrow transplant (BMT) preparative regimens, a phase I study of high-dose AZQ with autologous BMT (ABMT) was performed. Patients with refractory solid tumors and lymphomas were treated with a single 24-hour infusion of AZQ at 50 to 355 mg/m2 in dose escalations of 20%. Fifty-six patients received 69 courses. Those receiving greater than 60 mg/m2 had nadir granulocyte and platelet counts less than 500/microL and 20,000/microL, respectively. Nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, and diarrhea were mild, transient, and not dose-related. Transient minimal elevations of liver function tests were seen in five patients and were also not dose-related. The maximally tolerated dose (MTD) of high-dose AZQ was found to be 245 mg/m2, with nephrotoxicity being dose-limiting. Significant azotemia was seen in four of 12 patients treated at 295 and 355 mg/m2, including fatal anuric renal failure in three of these patients. Reversible proteinuria also occurred in 24 of 26 courses above 150 mg/m2, including nephrotic range proteinuria in eight courses, all at doses of 205 to 355 mg/m2. The proteinuria was also associated with multiple proximal tubular defects including generalized aminoaciduria and proximal renal tubular acidosis. There were six early deaths including two of early renal failure (295 and 355 mg/m2), two of sepsis (205 and 245 mg/m2), one of a pulmonary embolus (85 mg/m2), and one of progressive disease (60 mg/m2). Of 50 patients who were assessable for response, there were seven responses including two of 10 with primary CNS tumors, one of 12 with malignant melanoma, one of five with non-small-cell lung carcinoma, two of two with breast carcinoma, and one of one with ovarian carcinoma. Because of its activity in ANLL and NHL and its unique toxicity spectrum, high-dose AZQ may improve the efficacy of current BMT preparative regimens without significantly increasing their nonhematopoietic toxicity.
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PMID:A phase I trial of high-dose diaziquone and autologous bone marrow transplantation: an Illinois Cancer Council study. 207 48

Gastric emptying, mouth-to-cecum transit and whole gut transit of a solid-liquid meal were measured in 43 insulin-treated diabetics and in 30 control subjects by using scintigraphic techniques, the hydrogen breath test and stool markers. In the diabetics various parameters including duration of diabetes, gastrointestinal symptoms and complications such as autonomic neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy and proteinuria were determined and related to gastrointestinal transit times. Gastric emptying was significantly prolonged in diabetics as compared to the control group (p less than 0.05) with 35% of the diabetics disclosing abnormally delayed gastric emptying, whereas no significant overall differences were observed between diabetics and controls concerning mouth-to-cecum transit and whole gut transit time. However, abnormally prolonged mouth-to-cecum transit was detected in 23% and delayed whole gut transit in 26% of the diabetics (p less than 0.02 as compared to the control group). There was a significant correlation of dyspeptic symptoms and diarrhea with prolonged gastric emptying (p less than 0.001). Gastric emptying, but not mouth-to-cecum transit or whole gut transit was significantly related to autonomic nerve dysfunction (p less than 0.001) and peripheral neuropathy (p less than 0.02). Furthermore, gastric emptying and WGT were significantly correlated to proteinuria (p less than 0.03). Using a linear regression model, autonomic neuropathy, diarrhea and dyspeptic symptoms were the major parameters in predicting delayed gastric emptying. It is concluded that in diabetics different compartments of the gut are affected by gastrointestinal motor abnormalities and that these segments are probably regulated by independent or different control mechanisms.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal transit disorders in patients with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus. 230 21

A 76-year-old woman with a chronic leg ulcer for the last thirty-seven years was hospitalized in our institution for chronic diarrhea and terminal kidney failure with proteinuria. The diagnosis of secondary amyloidosis due to persistent skin inflammation was confirmed by aspiration of subcutaneous abdominal fat and by kidney biopsy which showed AA type systemic amyloidosis. This appears to be a rare complication of chronic leg ulcers as there have been only eight publications covering eleven cases in the literature.
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PMID:[Leg ulcer complicated by secondary amyloidosis]. 267 48

Amelioration or cure of hypertension, hypercortisolism, diarrhea with steatorrhea, and massive proteinuria resulted from excision of a pheochromocytoma that contained immunoreactive ACTH, VIP, and somatostatin. Ectopic ACTH production by the tumor was clearly the cause of the hypercortisolism, and the possible involvement of VIP and somatostatin in the diarrhea and steatorrhea was considered. The response to tumor removal suggested that the mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis shown on renal biopsy was also a paraneoplastic phenomenon.
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PMID:Hypercortisolism, diarrhea with steatorrhea, and massive proteinuria due to pheochromocytoma. 286 63

A 35-year-old man developed leg edema, marked hypoalbuminemia, and proteinuria. Subsequent renal biopsy revealed a diffuse membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and, on electron microscopy, typical electron-dense deposits characteristic of an immune complex pathogenesis. Although protein wasting might have readily been explained on the basis of his nephrotic syndrome, the concomitant symptom of diarrhea led to the diagnosis of celiac sprue, another disorder with a possible immune-mediated pathogenesis. While reports of immune complex glomerulonephritis in celiac sprue are rarely recorded, the potential significance of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with the nephrotic syndrome may have important nutritional implications, especially if underlying occult celiac sprue is recognized.
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PMID:Celiac sprue-associated immune complex glomerulonephritis. 294 90

A 13-year-old girl presented with a history of fever, arthritis, conjunctivitis, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Colonoscopy and barium enema were consistent with Crohn's disease. A renal biopsy, performed because of persistent proteinuria and hematuria in the absence of obstruction to the urinary tract, revealed diffuse proliferative necrotizing glomerulonephritis: IgG, IgM, and C3 were deposited on the involved glomeruli. Circulating immune complexes were present in her serum. This immune-complex glomerulonephritis represents a previously unreported extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease.
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PMID:Immune-complex glomerulonephritis in Crohn's disease. 294 85

Forty patients with definite or classical active rheumatoid arthritis were stratified by the minimization procedure to auranofin (6 mg/day) or penicillamine (go slow and low regime). This investigation is a prospective planned 3 year patient and 'doctor-open' as well as 'doctor-blind' clinical trial. This article describes the results after 12 months. Both drugs decreased disease activity and improved the functional capacity in a similar way. Two patients in the auranofin group and 5 in the penicillamine group stopped treatment due to major side effects. Four other patients in the auranofin group left treatment: 2 due to death from unrelated cause and 2 according to the Helsinki II Declaration. After one year a further patient in the auranofin group and 2 in the penicillamine group stopped treatment due to lack of clinical effect. Side effects due to auranofin were statistically more frequent distal in the gastrointestinal tract (loose stools/diarrhoea) than with penicillamine. In contrast, penicillamine produced significantly more side effects in the oral cavity (mainly taste disturbances) than auranofin. Other side effects were about equal in the two groups, but 2 cases of severe proteinuria and one with obstructive lung disease were observed in the penicillamine group. Only 3 patients did not complain of any untoward effect during the 12-month period. We conclude that on the basis of this one year investigation it is an open question whether one should select auranofin or penicillamine for the treatment of clinical active rheumatoid arthritis.
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PMID:Auranofin versus penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis. One-year results from a prospective clinical investigation. 308 5

The association between HLA antigens and adverse drug reactions (ADR), (e.g. proteinuria, haematological abnormalities, stomatitis, diarrhoea and dermatitis) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to sodium aurothiomalate (gold) and to D-penicillamine (PA) were studied in 32 patients. Thirty-eight RA patients treated with gold and PA, and with no ADR to these drugs, were used as controls. The frequency of HLA B8 was significantly (p less than 0.05) increased among RA patients with ADR compared to plasma donors. DR3 was also significantly increased (p less than 0.05) in RA patients with haematological ADR compared to plasma donors. Haematological ADR occurred significantly (p less than 0.05) more often in DR3 positive patients (55%) than among DR3 negative RA patients (27%).
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PMID:HLA antigens and adverse drug reactions to sodium aurothiomalate and D-penicillamine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 315 29

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease of the tropics which is estimated to affect up to 300 million people worldwide. In endemic areas the childhood age group has the highest prevalence and intensity of infection. There are several distinct species of schistosomes. The principal organ system involved in Schistosoma haematobium infection is the urinary tract since parasite eggs penetrate the bladder and are excreted in the urine. Hematuria, proteinuria, leukocyturia and symptoms like dysuria or nocturia are the most common clinical presentations. Heavily infected patients show obstructive uropathy of different severity which may lead to renal failure. Intestinal schistosomiasis is caused by Schistosoma mansoni infection. Initial symptoms can be diarrhea and blood-tinged stool. Chronic infection is characterized by fibrotic involvement of the liver and consecutive portal hypertension. The diagnosis of schistosomiasis depends on the demonstration of schistosome eggs in human excreta or biopsy material. Imported cases of schistosomiasis to Europe show an increasing tendency due to expanding international travel. Furthermore imported cases are usually not diagnosed until years after the patients have left an endemic area. The treatment of choice is a single dose of praziquantel 40 m/kg bodyweight resulting in cure rates of around 90% and considerable reversibility of pathological abnormalities due to schistosome infections.
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PMID:Schistosomiasis in childhood. 327 25

Auranofin (triethylphosphine gold), an oral gold preparation, has recently been made available, and along with injectable gold preparations, is of therapeutic value for rheumatoid arthritis. Serious gold toxicity is uncommon, and drug-related deaths rare. Many potential adverse reactions are similar, including dermatitis, stomatitis, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, and proteinuria, generally with increased incidence in the injectable gold-treated patients. Oral gold is associated with benign lower gastrointestinal side effects, including diarrhoea, loose stools and abdominal cramps that are often dose-related and resolve spontaneously. The incidence of severe reactions such as thrombocytopenia, aplastic anaemia and exfoliative dermatitis is lower with oral gold than injectable preparations, and contributes to a superior risk-benefit ratio. The treatment of gold toxicity depends on the type and extent of organ involvement.
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PMID:Adverse reactions with oral and parenteral gold preparations. 329 22


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