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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
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Urinary tract infections are among the most frequently encountered health problems in patients of family physicians. The diagnosis requires the demonstration of more than 100,000 bacterial colonies per milliliter in a freshly voided urine specimen. Dysuria, proteinuria, and pyuria are unreliable diagnostic criteria. The pathogenesis is uncertain although vaginal colonization with enteric bacteria, voluntary avoidance of urination, and sexual intercourse are contributing causes. Vesicoureteral reflux is related to recurrent infection but a causal relationship has not been established. Urinary tract infection in children is related to decreased renal growth and kidney scars, but therapy of the infections does not prevent kidney damage. Infections disappear spontaneously in up to 40 percent of adult women. Bacteriuria in pregnancy, however, is related to low birth weight in infants and increased perinatal mortality. Asymptomatic bacteriuria need not be diagnosed or treated except in pregnant women. For symptomatic infections, short-term antibiotic therapy is as effective as long-term therapy. Prophylactic antibiotics and therapy by modification of behavior using a multifaceted regimen can reduce the frequency of recurrent infection.
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PMID:The spectrum of urinary tract infections in family practice. 741 Oct 63

To determine the prevalence of asymptomatic urinary abnormalities in adolescents, first morning clean mid-stream urine specimens were obtained from 2500 individuals and examined by dipstick and light microscopy. Adolescents with abnormal screening results were reexamined after two weeks and those who had abnormal results twice were subjected to systemic clinical examination and further clinical and laboratory investigations. Eight hundred and three (32.1%) individuals had urinary abnormalities at the first screening, which significantly decreased to 345 (13.8%) at the second screening, (P <0.001). Hematuria was the most common urinary abnormalities detected in 245 (9.8%) adolescents who had persistent urine abnormalities; 228 (9.1%) individuals had non glomerular hematuria. The hematuria was isolated in 150 (6%) individuals, combined with leukocyturia in 83 (3.3%) individuals, and combined with proteinuria in 12 (0.5%) individuals. Leukocyturia was detected in 150 (6%) of all studied adolescents; it was isolated in 39 (1.6%) individuals and combined with proteinuria in 28 (1.1%) of them. Asymptomatic bacteriuria was detected in 23 (0.9%) of all studied adolescents; all the cases were females. Proteinuria was detected in 65 (2.6%) of all the studied adolescents; 45 (1.8%) individuals had <0.5 g/day and twenty (0.8%) individuals had 0.5-3 g/day. Asymptomatic urinary abnormalities were more common in males than females and adolescents from rural than urban areas (P <0.01) and (P <0.001), respectively. The present study found a high prevalence of asymptomatic urinary abnormalities among adolescents in our population.
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PMID:Prevalence of asymptomatic urinary abnormalities among adolescents. 2721 41