Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 20-year follow-up evaluation of young men with fixed and reproducible orthostatic proteinuria showed no evidence of progressive renal disease. Follow-up information was obtained on 43 of the original 64 patients and detailed information was secured on 36. All had normal renal function and only six patients continued to show qualitative proteinuria. The prevalence of hypertension found was similar to that of a comparably aged group of the general population. The 20-year prognosis of patients with fixed and reproducible orthostatic proteinuria is excellent.
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PMID:Fixed and reproducible orthostatic proteinuria: results of a 20-year follow-up study. 712 10

The prevalence and causes of proteinuria were studied in a cohort of 36147 men aged 20 (born in 1956). Proteinuria was found in 139 men (0.4%) at the initial screening or examination. Further investigations reduced the number of proteinuria cases to 72 (0.2%). Persistent proteinuria was demonstrated in 46 men (0.13% of the series) and orthostatic proteinuria in 26 (0.07%). Urography revealed anomalies in 18 of 104 cases. Elevated blood pressure and reduced glomerular filtration rate were observed in a few men, mainly from the group with persistent proteinuria. Renal biopsy was performed in 61 cases--38 with persistent proteinuria, 12 with orthostatic proteinuria and 11 without proteinuria at the time of examination. Light microscopy gave normal findings or showed only slight mesangial or focal glomerulonephritis in the great majority of cases. Membranous, mesangiocapillary or chronic proliferative glomerulonephritis was present in one-fourth of the men with persistent proteinuria. This was the only group with such lesions.
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PMID:Prevalence and causes of proteinuria in 20-year-old Finnish men. 732 53

Proteinuria, a common finding on urinalysis, may indicate the presence of a wide variety of medical conditions, some of which are benign and associated with a favorable prognosis (such as orthostatic proteinuria) and others of which have more serious implications (such as glomerular disease or multiple myeloma). The amount of protein excreted in the urine may be increased by several factors, including increases in glomerular hydraulic pressure, pathologic changes of the glomeruli, decreases in tubular reabsorption and catabolism of protein, and increases in production or concentration of plasma proteins normally filtered by the glomerulus. Because proteinuria may reflect a severe renal pathologic condition, further evaluation should be undertaken to determine the most likely cause of the proteinuria.
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PMID:Evaluation of proteinuria. 786 23

In order to analyze urinary proteins from patients with various renal diseases, a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with IPG PACK ODS column packed with polyporous glass was employed. The peak areas of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1-AGP), beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG) and albumin were measured by a chromato-integrator. The alpha 1-AGP/albumin ratio was regarded as the marker of glomerular damage, while the beta 2-MG/albumin ratio indicated tubular dysfunction. As a result, the alpha 1-AGP/albumin ratio in the urine from patients with either various glomerulonephritis (GN) or idiopathic nephrotic syndrome was significantly higher than that from either patients with postural proteinuria or healthy children. However, the beta 2-MG/albumin ratio in the urine from patients with GN was the same level as controls. The beta 2-MG/albumin ratio was elevated only in urine from patients with tubular dysfunctions. These data suggest that the urinary alpha 1-AGP/albumin ratio could be a beneficial indicator in locating patients with GN from among children with asymptomatic proteinuria.
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PMID:Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography for analysis of urinary proteins: diagnostic significance of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein. 819 Jan 79

Orthostatic proteinuria accounts for 60% of all children and 75% of adolescents with proteinuria. Despite its frequent occurrence, the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms remain unclear. The following three possibilities have been reviewed: (1) a normal variant; (2) a glomerular abnormality; (3) a hemodynamic abnormality. On the basis of the experience with an individual who had orthostatic proteinuria and who was a donor of a living-related kidney transplant, novel insights and a potentially unifying hypothesis for the pathogenesis of this condition are presented. It is suggested that individuals with orthostatic proteinuria may be predisposed by a subtle glomerular abnormality. However, a precipitating factor, in the form of an exaggerated response to the upright position, appears to be essential to unmask the condition.
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PMID:Mechanisms of orthostatic proteinuria: lessons from a transplant donor. 840 67

Proteinuria is a common laboratory finding in children. It can be identified as either a transient or a persistent finding and can represent a benign condition or a serious disease. A rapid but qualitative assessment of proteinuria can be made using dipstick or sulfosalicylic acid methods. More precise quantitation is obtained by measuring protein excretion in 24-hour urine samples or by calculating the protein/creatinine ratio in random urine samples. Orthostatic proteinuria is a benign condition characterized by the presence of protein in urine samples collected in the upright position during the day and its absence in samples collected in the supine position. Persistent proteinuria and proteinuria associated with hematuria or other signs of renal disease carry a more severe prognosis. The latter conditions require referral to a pediatric nephrologist for further evaluation, which may include renal biopsy.
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PMID:Evaluating proteinuria in children. 978 80

Significant proteinuria is not an unfinding in children. Its causes are variable. When detected by dipstick examination of urine, the proteinuria must be assessed quantitatively by measuring the urinary protein/creatinine ratio in a spot sample. Orthostatic proteinuria is the most common cause of intermittent proteinuria. Persistent glomerular or tubular proteinuria are the consequences of various glomerulopathies or tubulopathies, the prognosis of which is variable. Whether glomerular or tubular, persistent proteinuria must be fully investigated, including by renal biopsy.
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PMID:[Proteinuria in children: practical approach]. 1081 56

Proteinuria may be associated with a renal or systemic disease, or it may be isolated. The latter occurs in asymptomatic patients without evidence of any disease or abnormality of the urine sediment. Isolated proteinuria may be subdivided into two broad groups: (1) benign forms, with a favorable-to-excellent prognosis and (2) persistent forms, some of which have a worrisome prognosis. Functional proteinuria may occur in disorders with altered renal hemodynamics, usually resolves, and is not associated with progressive renal disease. Idiopathic transient proteinuria is typically discovered on routine screening and usually disappears on subsequent testing. In idiopathic intermittent proteinuria, a significant number (50%) of urine samples exhibit abnormal rates of protein excretion. Although structural abnormalities may be observed on renal biopsy, progressive renal insufficiency is unusual. In orthostatic proteinuria, the rate of protein excretion completely normalizes in the recumbent position. Long-term studies show this to be a benign condition. In persistent isolated proteinuria, at least 80% of random urine samples exhibit abnormal protein excretion. This represents a heterogeneous group, but a significant proportion of these patients have prominent renal pathologic findings and progress to serious renal disease. Proteinuria with significant renal disease may be non-nephrotic or nephrotic range. The former does not exclude glomerular disease, but tubulointerstitial or vascular disorders are also likely when proteinuria is less than 2 g/24 hours. Patients with nephrotic-range proteinuria generally have a glomerular disorder. Distinction between benign and more ominous forms of proteinuria requires careful evaluation.
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PMID:Proteinuria: potential causes and approach to evaluation. 1101 73

Normally, protein secretion in the urine is less than 150 mg/day or less than 100 mg/g creatinine. Orthostatic proteinuria, proteinuria in the presence of fever, and effort proteinuria are benign forms. In cases of persistent proteinuria, prerenal or overflow proteinuria are distinguished from renal and post-renal proteinuria. Renal forms can be differentiated into glomerular and tubular as well as mixed forms. The urine dipstick is of only low sensitivity, and is therefore unsuitable as a screening test for diabetic microalbuminuria. In addition, it cannot detect immunoglobulin light chains in Bence Jones proteinuria. For the differentiation between glomerular and tubular forms of proteinuria, the determination of marker proteins in the urine, for example, alpha1 microglobulin, albumin and IgG, has proven utility.
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PMID:[Differential diagnosis of proteinuria]. 1555 19

This study was done to evaluate the spectrum of diagnoses and identify risk factors for significant kidney disease in asymptomatic children with proteinuria and/or microhematuria detected by routine urinalysis. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained by retrospective chart review of 239 patients referred to a tertiary care center. The predominant diagnosis in children with isolated microhematuria was hypercalciuria and with isolated proteinuria, orthostatic proteinuria. When microhematuria and proteinuria were present in combination, kidney disease was the predominant diagnosis. Urinalysis is a valuable tool to identify patients with kidney disease. The combination of microhematuria and proteinuria increases the risk of having significant kidney disease.
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PMID:Role of routine urinalysis in asymptomatic pediatric patients. 1567 30


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