Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A survey of 67 pregnancies in 51 professional women (physicians, psychologists, nurses, administrators, etc.) revealed the occurrence of symptoms of cognitive dysfunction such as forgetfulness, disorientation, confusion and reading difficulties in 28 pregnancies occurring in 21 women. These were unrelated to such factors as age of delivery, percentage weight gain, the baby's sex or birth weight, alcohol consumption, smoking, a history of migraine or allergy or other symptoms occurring during pregnancy such as sleepiness and lack of concentration, irritability, loss of interest in job or nightmares. Nor was there any correlation with hypertension, proteinuria, glycosuria, ketonuria, anemia, or morning sickness. Furthermore, these cognitive disturbances were not related to depression or sleep deprivation. Despite these symptoms, none of the women suffering from them were forced to interrupt their professional activities during pregnancy. The syndrome of benign encephalopathy of pregnancy should be recognized so that simple precautions can be taken to prevent any interference with professional or other activities. The etiology of the syndrome is unknown.
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PMID:Benign encephalopathy of pregnancy. Preliminary clinical observations. 395 58

A female patient with a history of migraines and chorea developed polyarthralgia at age 24 and was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. In 1991 she was hospitalized because of impaired renal function and hypertension. Examination revealed thrombocytopenia and the presence of lupus anticoagulant. Antinuclear antibody was weakly positive, but anti-DNA antibody was negative, and no decrease in leukocyte count or complement level was observed. Rheumatoid arthritis with antiphospholipid syndrome was diagnosed. Renal biopsy showed renal thrombotic microangiopathy. This renal lesion was considered to be associated with antiphospholipid syndrome. Cyclophosphamide pulse therapy and anticoagulation therapy decreased proteinuria and improved renal function.
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PMID:Renal thrombotic microangiopathy in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis and antiphospholipid syndrome: successful treatment with cyclophosphamide pulse therapy and anticoagulant. 780 16

An 18-years-old female was admitted to our hospital because of severe edema, that had developed within one week, and massive proteinuria. She has been given treatment for mild proteinuria and Raynaud's phenomenon. Before the edema developed, she complained of recurrent attack of migraine associated with scintillating scotoma. At admission, she was suffering from butterfly erythema, hydropericardium and ascites. The results of tests for antinuclear antibodies and ENA antibodies were negative, but those for BFP and IgG-anticardiolipin antibody were positive, and the platelet and complement levels were low. Renal biopsy revealed typical mesangiolysis without any sign of hyperplastic nephritis. Electron microscopy demonstrated the deposition of microfibrillar structures in the mesangial areas. She was diagnosed as having SLE-antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. After the administration of prednisolone 40mg/day, the edema, Raynaud's sign and proteinuria disappeared. Migraine was improved by the additional use of warfarin, and the platelet count was normalized. These findings suggest that in this case, acute nephrotic symptom developed due to hemangioendothelial injury caused by anti-phospholipid antibody.
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PMID:[A case of anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome associated with typical mesangiolysis]. 796 76

The pattern of analgesic use, abuse and incidence of analgesic-associated nephropathy in 79 patients with chronic headache was studied. Sixty-eight of these patients had migraine. Most patients had consumed a combination of analgesics (81%) while 19% had taken single analgesics for their headache. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were the most commonly used analgesics (96.2%) followed by paracetamol (70.9%) and aspirin, phenacetin and caffeine compounds (5.1%). Mefenamic acid was the commonest nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug consumed (97.4%). Analgesic abuse which was defined as a minimum total of 1 kg of analgesics such as paracetamol or aspirin, phenacetin and caffeine compounds or 400 capsules/tablets of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was noted in 65 patients. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were the most commonly abused analgesics (89.2%) followed by paracetamol (38.5%). Forty-five of the 65 analgesic abusers had an intravenous urogram or ultrasound performed and renal papillary necrosis was documented in one patient. Three (4.6%) of the analgesic abusers had mildly raised serum creatinine levels. Mild proteinuria of less than 1 gm/litre was present in 27.7% of abusers. In conclusion, although analgesic use and abuse is common in patients with chronic headache, the short term incidence of analgesic-associated nephropathy (2.2%) and renal impairment (4.6%) was low. Prolonged observations will be necessary to ascertain the safety of these drugs for long term use.
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PMID:Analgesic use and chronic renal disease in patients with headache. 826 86

We describe a Chinese American family with a hereditary syndrome consisting of retinopathy, nephropathy, and stroke, affecting 11 members spanning three generations. Ophthalmologic evaluations revealed macular edema with capillary dropout and perifoveal microangiopathic telangiectases. Several members had renal abnormalities with proteinuria and hematuria. Initial manifestations were visual impairment and renal dysfunction; neurologic deficits occurred in the third or fourth decade of life. Symptoms included migraine-like headache, psychiatric disturbance, dysarthria, hemiparesis, and apraxia. Neuroimaging consistently demonstrated contrast-enhancing subcortical lesions with surrounding edema. Ultrastructural studies showed distinctive multilaminated vascular basement membranes in the brain and in other tissues, including the kidney, stomach, appendix, omentum, and skin. Genetic analysis ruled out linkage to the CADASIL locus on chromosome 19. Distinct from CADASIL, hereditary endotheliopathy with retinopathy, nephropathy, and stroke (HERNS) is an autosomal dominant multi-infarct syndrome with systemic involvement.
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PMID:Hereditary endotheliopathy with retinopathy, nephropathy, and stroke (HERNS). 937 16

Antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) were studied in 30 women with a history of recurrent fetal losses. An increased level of anticardiolipin antibodies was found in 7(23.3%) of them, being high and moderate in 4 women. Lupus anticoagulant was present in 9(30.0%) examinees. None cases of SLE were diagnosed. Diagnostically significant APA levels were associated with moderate symptomless thrombocytopenia. 12 of 13 women with antiphospholipid syndrome markers had definite (livedo reticularis, damage of cardiac valves, recurrent thrombophlebitis, leg ulcers, stroke, migraine) and possible (moderate arterial hypertension, proteinuria, retina angiopathy) extragenital features of this disorder. The most serious vascular complications took place in the group with high and moderate levels of anticardiolipin antibodies IgG.
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PMID:[Antiphospholipid syndrome in females with recurrent fetal losses]. 1048 65

Data related to the disease course of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with special attention to the persistence of disease activity in the long term are scarce. At this moment reliable figures are only known about the survival rate as a measure of outcome. The aim of this multicenter study was to describe the outcome of SLE patients with a disease duration of greater than 10 y. Outcome parameters were two disease activity-scoring systems (SLEDAI and ECLAM), the end organ damage (SLICC/ACR damage index) and treatment. Our results are derived from 187 SLE patients followed at 10 different centres in Europe over a period of 1 y. Serious clinical signs or exacerbations, defined by the occurrence or detoriation of already existing symptoms of renal and cerebral nervous systems were observed in 2-11% of the patients, seizures and psychosis in 3%, proteinuria in 11% and an increase in serum creatinine in 5% of the patients. No change took place in the overall damage index. Yet, the disease course in most patients was characterized by periods of tiredness (42-60%), arthritis (20-25%), skin involvement such as malar rash (32-40%), migraine (15-20%), anaemia (15%) and leucopenia (17-19%). Summarizing these results it is shown that patients, still under care after such a long time of having this disease, do have a disease that is far from extinguished.
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PMID:Systemic lupus erythematosus. Disease outcome in patients with a disease duration of at least 10 years: second evaluation. 1124 10

Mitochondrial disorder is a relatively rare disease during childhood. Previous studies concluded that renal complications in this disease most often occur in patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. We describe a boy with mitochondrial disease who presented with proteinuria while lacking neuromyopathy. Proteinuria was detected at the age of 6 years, including large amounts of low-molecular-weight proteins such as beta(2)- and alpha1-microglobulin. Renal functions were normal. Proximal tubular dysfunction and other renal manifestations were absent. Episodic neurologic problems such as migraine and nervous system diseases including epilepsy, depression, schizophrenia and amytrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) were found in the boy's family members. Renal tubular basement membrane atrophy and interstitial fibrosis with mononuclear cell infiltration were observed. Ultrastructural examination showed mitochondria, mainly in the proximal tubules, which varied in size and had disoriented cristae. Mutation analysis using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) extracted from renal tissues demonstrated a A-->G point mutation at nucleotide position 3243 in the tRNA(Leu(UUR)) gene, while there was no mutation found in mtDNA extracted from peripheral leukocytes. Awareness among pediatricians of mitochondrial disorders, detection of low-molecular-weight proteinuria, renal ultrastructural examination and mutation analysis of mtDNA obtained from renal tissues could be important for early diagnosis of this disease.
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PMID:A boy with mitochondrial disease: asymptomatic proteinuria without neuromyopathy. 1464 37

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a hereditary systemic arteriopathy presenting with migraines, mood disorders, focal neurologic deficits, recurrent ischemic attacks and dementia in young adults. The genesis of this disease relates to missense mutation of the Notch3 gene. We report here a newly identified CADASIL patient and discuss unique vascular lesions observed in the kidney. A 64-year-old female was admitted to our hospital for the investigation of proteinuria, hematuria and progressive neurological abnormalities. Her mother and brother died of cerebral infarction at a relatively young age despite a lack of apparent risk factors for arteriosclerosis. Over the past 4 months before admission, she had suffered from frequent transient ischemic attacks despite appropriate antiplatelet therapy. Blood examination revealed mild renal insufficiency and urinalysis revealed moderate protein excretion and dysmorphic hematuria. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed multiple infarcts and leukoencephalopathy. Histopathological analysis of the kidney revealed focal segmental mesangial proliferation, the loss and degeneration of arterial medial smooth muscle cells and arterial intimal thickening. Immunofluorescence analysis of glomeruli revealed IgA deposition in the mesangial area. Electron microscope analysis revealed electron-dense deposition also in the mesangial area. In addition, granular osmophilic material (GOM) was observed in the extraglomerular mesangial area and around the vascular smooth muscle cells. Genetic analysis of Notch3 revealed an R141C missense mutation and she was diagnosed with CADASIL complicated with IgA nephropathy. In immunohistological analysis, Notch3 stains were positive in vascular smooth muscle cells of the interlobular arteries and both afferent and efferent arterioles, and weak in the glomerular mesangial area. Antihypertensive treatment using angiotensin II receptor blocker and a low protein diet were initiated, and her urinary protein excretion decreased to 0.2 g/day. However, due to the progression of her neurological abnormalities, she became socially withdrawn. In CADASIL, GOM, abnormal accumulation of Notch3 ectodomain, is thought to induce the degeneration and loss of vascular smooth muscle cells and subsequent intimal thickening. Analysis of our cases provided that these morphological abnormalities were also observed in the CADASIL patient kidney.
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PMID:Renal involvement in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). 1739 Jul 43

Cocaine-induced vasculitis is a rare complication found in drug abusers. It occurs due to cocaine adulterated with levamisole. Levamisole was once used as a chemotherapy and immunomodulator for different conditions. One of the side effects of this medication is necrotizing vasculitis which has been reported in the US and Puerto Rico. Here we present another case of cocaine induced vasculitis in Puerto Rico. We describe a 43-year-old female with past medical history of bronchial asthma, migraine, and crack smoking who presented to the emergency room due to blood in her urine for 5 days. She also reported fever, chills, and fatigue. At the physical exam she had a right knee ulcer with swelling erythema, warmth, and pain. Also, she had retiform purpuric plaque lesions in her ears, bilaterally. Eroded plaques with elevated borders at left foot and finger dorsum were also present. Laboratory workup was positive for cocaine. The patient showed leucopenia and microcytic anemia with a normal absolute neutrophil count in her cell blood count. Blood cultures, urine cultures, and ulcer cultures were negative. Urinalysis was positive for proteinuria and hematuria. Also, the patient had positive perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, cytoplasmic anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, and antinuclear antibody tests and elastase specificity. She showed negative anticardiolipin and lupus anticoagulant antibodies. Her complement levels were decreased. The punch biopsy of her ear showed superficial thrombosis of superficial vascular plexus with perivascular lymphocytic infiltrates and deeper sections showed epidermal necrosis and necrotizing vasculitis. She was started on a high dose of steroids, but could not complete the treatment because she escaped from the hospital before finishing her treatment.
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PMID:Cocaine-induced vasculitis: is this a new trend? 2779 26


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