Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chronic pyelonephritis is secondary to urinary tract infection associated with vesico-ureteric reflux or obstructive uropathy. Pyelonephritis scarring almost always occurs in early childhood and is linked to the concomitant presence of urinary tract infection and renal papillae allowing intrarenal reflux. When bilateral, pyelonephritis scarring may lead to end-stage renal disease. Destruction of the renal parenchyma occurs over years and is often accompanied by arterial hypertension and proteinuria. Surgical correction of vesico-ureteric reflux does not prevent further renal scarring. Since sterile reflux does not appear to be harmful, it is important to diagnose vesico-ureteric reflux early and prevent urinary tract infection by administering chemoprophylaxis during the first seven years of life.
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PMID:[Importance of vesico-ureteral reflux in the pathogenesis of chronic pyelonephritis]. 634 Jan 86

The presence of tubular involvement, as a marker for the detection of urinary tract infection (UTI) site, was examined in 19 patients with pyelonephritis and in 15 patients with cystitis or asymptomatic bacteriuria. The urinary excretion of four markers of tubular proteinuria, beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M), lysozyme (LZ), lactic dehydrogenase isoenzyme V (LAD-5) and N-acetyl-beta D-glucosaminidase (NAG), was investigated. LAD-5 appeared particularly valuable for the early detection of upper UTI. However, the overall diagnostic accuracy appeared to be further strengthened using, besides LAD-5, one additional variable. A set of simple and noninvasive biochemical tests on urine samples can reliably help to identify the site of UTI.
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PMID:Contribution of four markers of tubular proteinuria in detecting upper urinary tract infections. A multivariate analysis. 675 51

Urine specimens from normal individuals, and from patients with bladder cancer, bladder papillomas and urinary tract infections were assayed for the presence of bladder tumor-related antigens. Ten-fold concentrated urine specimens were reacted in Ouchterlony gel diffusion against various anti-human monospecific antisera. With these antisera urine specimens from normal individuals were distinguished from those from patients with bladder carcinoma as well as bladder papilloma. However, the urine samples from individuals with urinary tract infections showed significant reactivity with many of the monospecific antisera as did specimens from patients with bladder cancer and bladder papilloma. Thus, investigations involved in the assay of bladder cancer biological markers should take the proteinuria associated with urinary tract infection into consideration. The potential importance of detecting tumor-specific components for early diagnosis and treatment of bladder neoplasms is stressed.
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PMID:Urinary proteins as biological markers: bladder cancer diagnosis versus urinary tract infection. 677 7

The relations among renal function, proteinuria, and glomerular lesions were studied in 54 patients with reflux nephropathy. The clinical course to end-stage renal disease was not appreciably altered by late surgical correction of the reflux, occurrence of urinary tract infection, or hypertension. All patients with progressive renal disease had significant proteinuria. Mesangial glomerular lesions can occur in the absence of proteinuria detectable by routine analysis, whereas lesions similar to those seen in idiopathic focal sclerosing glomerulopathy were present in the renal biopsies from proteinuric patients. Deposition of immunoproteins was limited to glomeruli undergoing sclerosis. Similarly, electron-dense deposits were confined to areas of mesangial alterations. Our results suggest that mesangial alterations occur early in the course of reflux nephropathy and may lead to the development of focal sclerosis. At later stages, counterproductive mechanisms of adaptation to the loss of viable nephrons might result in an acceleration of the clinical course to renal failure.
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PMID:The progression of vesicoureteral reflux nephropathy. 699 78

One hundred and thirty patients with primary chronic pyelonephritis diagnosed radiologically or by nephrectomy, 84 with unilateral and 46 with bilateral disease, have been followed for six to 240 months. The clinical and radiological features of the disease at presentation, together with its influence on pregnancy, have been analysed. Serial observations of bacteriuria, blood pressure and renal function have been made during follow up and the intravenous urogram (IVU) has been repeated after five years in most patients. Although the disease probably starts in early childhood it often presents to the nephrologist in young adults, mainly women, as symptomatic urinary tract infection, hypertension, renal insufficiency or a combination of these features. Though associated with increased morbidity in pregnancy it does not usually interfere with fertility and in this series it did not cause increased fetal loss. Repeated urinary tract infections and hypertension are common events. Proteinuria is usually minimal and when present is associated with hypertension. The disease in most patients with unilateral disease runs a benign course; a poorer prognosis is associated with bilateral disease, hypertension and proteinuria. Since we found no association between frequent urinary infections and declining renal function we suggest that only symptomatic urinary infection should be treated in adults with chronic pyelonephritis.
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PMID:The natural history of chronic pyelonephritis in the adult. 715 21

Urinary tract infections are among the most frequently encountered health problems in patients of family physicians. The diagnosis requires the demonstration of more than 100,000 bacterial colonies per milliliter in a freshly voided urine specimen. Dysuria, proteinuria, and pyuria are unreliable diagnostic criteria. The pathogenesis is uncertain although vaginal colonization with enteric bacteria, voluntary avoidance of urination, and sexual intercourse are contributing causes. Vesicoureteral reflux is related to recurrent infection but a causal relationship has not been established. Urinary tract infection in children is related to decreased renal growth and kidney scars, but therapy of the infections does not prevent kidney damage. Infections disappear spontaneously in up to 40 percent of adult women. Bacteriuria in pregnancy, however, is related to low birth weight in infants and increased perinatal mortality. Asymptomatic bacteriuria need not be diagnosed or treated except in pregnant women. For symptomatic infections, short-term antibiotic therapy is as effective as long-term therapy. Prophylactic antibiotics and therapy by modification of behavior using a multifaceted regimen can reduce the frequency of recurrent infection.
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PMID:The spectrum of urinary tract infections in family practice. 741 Oct 63

Urinary tract infection by Staphylococcus saprophyticus was provoked in two female grivet monkeys. A non-hemagglutinating strain of S. saprophyticus was injected into the renal pelvis of one of the animals (monkey I), while in the other (monkey II), a hemagglutinating strain of the same species was inoculated into the bladder by suprapubic puncture. In monkey I, massive hematuria and proteinuria were demonstrated during the post-inoculation (p.i.) week, after which the monkey was killed. In monkey II, which was killed after 2 weeks, hematuria and proteinuria were present during the first 5 p.i. days. In both monkeys, S. saprophyticus was isolated in numbers < 10(5) bacteria/ml bladder urine on each p.i. day. Autopsy of monkey I revealed acute pyelonephritis and inflammatory changes in the ureter on the same side on which S. saprophyticus had been inoculated. In monkey II, both kidneys were enlarged and there were signs of acute pyelonephritis. The histopathological examination revealed microabscesses, interstitial infiltration and numerous leukocytes in the tubules. Both the ureters of monkey II were congested and microscopically an acute inflammatory reaction was found. Inflammatory signs were also present in the bladder. Scanning electron microscopy revealed cocci adhering to the epithelial lining of the urinary tract.
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PMID:Experimental acute pyelonephritis in grivet monkeys, provoked by Staphylococcus saprophyticus. 741 43

Clinical manifestations and immunological characteristics in a series of 15 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and renal involvement are presented. These findings have been correlated to different pathologic lesions and compared to another series of patients without renal involvement. The overall rate of renal involvement was 25 percent, with ages ranging from 14 to 47 years. A female predominance was noticed. Histopathologic findings were as follows: focal glomerulonephritis (five cases), and minimal changes (one case). Under a histological glomerulonephritis (two cases); membranous glomerulonephritis (one case), and minimal change (one case). Under a histological standpoint the earliest lesions had the worse prognosis. Patients with diffuse glomerulonephritis showed a high degree of renal function impairment. Urinary infection was present in half of the cases. A significant hyperlipidemia was found in patients with nephrosis. Proteinuria and abnormal urinary sediment were common findings in all histologic types. Antinuclear antibodies, were positive in 14 cases, with statistical significant high titres in diffuse glomerulonephritis. Serum immunoglobulins IgG and IgA were elevated. Decrease of serum complement levels (C3, C4, C3PA and C5) were found in patients with renal involvement.
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PMID:[The spectrum of lupus nephropathy]. 742 56

Long-term study of 21 PNH patients revealed an unexpectedly high incidence of functional and anatomic renal abnormalities. Most patients demonstrated varying degrees of hematuria and proteinuria distinct from hemoglobinuria. Evaluation of renal function revealed hyposthenuria, abnormal tubular function, and declining creatinine clearance. Radiologically these patients had enlarged kidneys, cortical infarcts, cortical thinning, and papillary necrosis which were confirmed by autopsy studies. Hypertension developed in eight patients. Urinary tract infection was uncommon. The renal findings bear striking similarity to those of sickle cell anemia. Contrary to the usual opinion, out studies clearly showed evidence of widespread renal pathology in PNH most likely due to repeated microvascular thrombosis similar to the venous thrombosis involving other organs in this disorder.
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PMID:The kidneys in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. 744 17

One hundred consecutive cases with renal stones less than 3 cm in size and normal renal function underwent ESWL from January to March 1994. Out of these, 50 were given Andrographis paniculata tablets (250 mg), 4 tablests tid, 25 were given cotrimoxazole 2 tablets bid and 25 received norfloxacin 200 mg bid, started immediately after ESWL and continued for 5 days. All tolerated the treatment well and none had complications. At one month follow-up, pre- and post-ESWL pyuria, hematuria and proteinuria among the Andrographis paniculata group were 84, 58, 72, 40, 52, 22 per cent; the cotrimoxazole group 88, 64, 84, 64, 56, 44 per cent and the norfloxacin group 92, 56, 72, 40 per cent and 56, 28 per cent respectively. The results showed that post ESWL pyuria and hematuria in patients receiving Andrographis peniculata were reduced to 0.69 and 0.55 time of pre ESWL value. We think that this herbal medicine is beneficial in the treatment of post ESWL urinary tract infection. Besides the herbal drug given to eighteen previously sulfa sensitized patients resulted in no allergic reaction.
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PMID:The usage of Andrographis paniculata following Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL). 756 56


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