Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study of the morbidity due to schistosomiasis haematobium was undertaken in 121 children ranging in age from 5 to 19 years, from Kanyamedha Primary School, Kisumu. Of this sample 81% of the males and 42% of the females had Schistosoma haematobium. Proteinuria was detected in 23% of the uninfected children; 54% of those with light infection; 80% of those with moderate infection and 94% of those with heavy infection. Similarly, haematuria was detected in 18% of the apparently uninfected individuals, 64% of those lightly infected, and 76% and 94% of those with moderate and heavy infections, respectively. Three of the 20 children given intravenous pyelography had renal and bladder complications, characterized by hydronephrosis, bladder granuloma, bladder calcification and hydroureter.
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PMID:Morbidity in urinary schistosomiasis in relation to the intensity of infection in Kisumu, Kenya. 688 16

A sensitive filtration technique and polyvalent urine analysis reagent strips were used simultaneously in patients with urinary schistosomiasis in order to detect pathological conditions other than haematuria and proteinuria. A significant correlation was found between haematuria, proteinuria, leucocyturia and intensity of infection as measured by egg excretion in urine. The best correlation between the reagent strip findings and intensity of infection was obtained when the three parameters were combined. After treatment with metrifonate the reduction of egg excretion was paralleled by the normalization of the reagent strip findings. Analysis of day-to-day variation demonstrated a similar low variation of the filtration technique and the reagent strip findings. Specificity of urine analysis of reagent strips was tested in two age-matched control groups. Although the study was designed only as a pilot study, the results suggests that polyvalent reagent strips may be a useful tool for diagnosis of heavily infected patients under field conditions, as they permit rapid and easy identification of subjects with high egg counts.
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PMID:Simultaneous use of a sensitive filtration technique and reagent strips in urinary schistosomiasis. 711 63

In this study, dip-stick examination for the detection of hematuria and proteinuria, and macroscopic examination of the urine as diagnostic methods for mass screening for urinary schistosomiasis, were compared with the technique of urinary filtration for Schistosoma haematobium eggs. Dip-sticks and macroscopic examination were proved to be simple and rapid. Before treatment, the revealing of hematuria by dip-stick was shown to be a sensitive method by comparison with filtration, but it is not specific. The tests for proteinuria, and macroscopic examination are more specific, but less sensitive. Nevertheless, all these methods give similar prevalences as distributed by age groups. Dip-sticks and macroscopic exams could therefore be duly considered for the detection of new high endemic regions. After treatment, these methods result in less valid prevalences than those obtained by filtration, but their specificity increases; they become good indicators of clinical improvement.
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PMID:[Value of macroscopic urine examination and reagent strips for the detection of hematuria and proteinuria in the mass diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis, before and after treatment]. 715

Two boys with nephrotic syndrome, membrano-proliferative glomerulo-nephritis and Schistosoma haematobium infection are described. Both showed remission of the nephrotic syndrome soon after the schistosomiasis was treated with niridazole. The significance of heavy proteinuria in schistosomiasis is discussed.
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PMID:Schistosoma haematobium and the nephrotic syndrome. 721 Jan 12

Metrifonate, an organophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor, which has been shown to be effective in the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis was administered orally to 145 school children aged 6-15 years at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight in 3 doses at 14-day intervals. Urinalysis was carried out to determine egg out-put, haematuria and proteinuria. None of the subjects was anaemic before treatment, 78.6% tolerated the drug well while 21.4% had minimal and transient side-effects. 47.6% with light infections, 29.9% with moderate infections and 5.1% with heavy infections, had no ova of S. haematobium in their urine after the first dose. The pre- and post-treatment urinalysis showed very significant reductions in the number of subjects with haematuria and proteinuria. However, some of those with no ova of S. haematobium in their urine still had haematuria and proteinuria. The determination of these parameters indicates the intensity of infection and can be used in assessing the results of chemotherapy.
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PMID:Schistosoma haematobium in Ajara community of Badagry. Metrifonate trials in the treatment of the disease. 728 Dec 16

Three years after the first cases of urinary schistosomiasis infection were reported in the village of Mbodiene, Senegal, Schistosoma haematobium eggs were found in 87% of the inhabitants of this village; 30% were heavily infected (> 50 eggs per 10 mL urine). The prevalence of infection was very high in all age groups, but children showed more intense infections. No difference between sexes was found. In the special situation of a very high prevalence, test strips for proteinuria and haematuria are not very useful for the individual diagnosis of S. haematobium infection. Six and 12 weeks after treatment with a single dose of praziquantel (40 mg/kg), S. haematobium eggs were found in 25% and 30% of the treated subjects, respectively. Bulinus globosus was identified as intermediate host, but other snail vectors may also play a role. S. mansoni eggs were found in 1% of the population. Both S. haematobium and S. mansoni are spreading in the delta of the Senegal river.
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PMID:Preliminary study of urinary schistosomiasis in a village in the delta of the Senegal river basin, Senegal. 757 Aug 17

Screening for proteinuria is widely recommended in the monitoring of pregnancy in order to detect preeclampsia. The method often used in primary health care centers (urine heated with acetic acid) has often attained results of over 50% positive cases. This result indicates a considerable lack of specificity outside highly endemic, for urinary schistosomiasis areas. The sulfosalicylic acid test (SSA) represents a simple, reliable and inexpensive alternative. In order to validade this procedure in the conditions of a primary mother and child health (MCH) center, results of the SSA method were compared with standard commercial strip tests a. in a well equipped Swiss laboratory, b. in a school setting in Northern Cameroon. The proportion of agreement between the two methods was 82% (CI 66-98) and 90% (CI 83-96) respectively. The relatively easy implementation of the SSA test in a MCH center in an urban area in Southern Mali lead to results more compatible with what was expected epidemiologically (less than 5% from positive to highly positive results). This experiment confirms that the SSA technique is a simple method, easy to demonstrate and implement, as well as inexpensive. Consequences for monitoring of pregnancies in such conditions are finally discussed.
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PMID:Proteinuria screening using sulfosalicylic acid: advantages of the method for the monitoring of prenatal consultations in West Africa. 790 Apr 35

A study of the prevalence of schistosomiasis was carried out in 253 school children in Melela, Tanzania, one year after a single dose of praziquantel, 40 mg/kg body weight. The cure rate was 90.4%. However the new incidence estimate was 21.2% in children who were initially negative. The use of reagent strips in urine tests for the detection of urinary schistosomiasis was also evaluated. The presence of blood in the urine was highly sensitive (> 96%) and specific (87%). The sensitivity of proteinuria was less, but it was highly specific (94%). This study shows that chemotherapy will have to be combined with other measures to achieve lasting benefits and raises the question as to how often the population should be treated. It also confirms the value of urine test strips as an indirect diagnostic test for urinary schistosomiasis in an endemic area. Further follow-up is necessary to make useful predictions concerning incidence and reinfection rates in the community. This will also help in deciding how often chemotherapy should be given to the population.
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PMID:Schistosomiasis prevalence after administration of praziquantel to school children in Melela village, Morogoro region, Tanzania. 802 52

Hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg), circulating anti-schistosomal IgG (CSAb) and circulating specific schistosomal immune complexes (CIC) were detected, using ELISA, in sera of 40 active nephrotic children, 40 active S. mansoni infected cases and 20 apparently normal age-matched controls. The presence of HBsAg cases was significantly higher among nephrotic cases (20%), active S. mansoni cases (17.5%) than controls. Moreover, HBsAg cases were significantly higher in positive CIC S. mansoni cases than negative CIC ones. The mean O.D. readings of CSAb was significantly higher in positive HBsAg nephrotic cases than negatives. At the same time, the anti-schistosomal antibodies were higher in S. mansoni cases with proteinuria than those without. Specific CIC level was significantly higher among nephrotic and schistosomiasis cases than controls. The CIC were significantly higher in schistosomiasis cases with positive HBsAg than those with negative HBsAg and were detected in 80% of cases with proteinuria compared to 37% of cases without proteinuria with a statistically significant difference. On the other hand, CIC level was not influenced, in nephrotic cases, by the presence or absence of HBsAg. It was concluded that the presence of proteinuria was considered as a good monitor of the kidney affection either with schistosomiasis or the nephrotic syndrome or the HBsAg. The detection of CIC can be used as a good monitor too and could be included in methods of early diagnosis and/or following the disease prognosis.
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PMID:Hepatitis-B virus and schistosomiasis infections in childhood proteinuria. 807 57

This article reviews studies that examine the negative effects of urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis on the following nutritional parameters in humans: urinary and faecal blood and iron loss, anaemia and haemoglobin levels, proteinuria, child growth and adult protein-energy status, physical fitness, physical activity, appetite and symptomatology. The conclusions reached are (1) that community-level treatment and control of schistosomiasis in areas where the infection, protein-energy malnutrition, and anaemia are common are to be encouraged and are likely to improve child growth, appetite, physical fitness and activity levels and to decrease anaemia and symptoms of the infection, and (2) that further studies are needed to determine how much and by what means decreases in and treatment of schistosomal infection may improve nutritional status, cognitive and school performance and attendance, and work capacity and productivity in communities with different amounts of parasitism and malnutrition.
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PMID:The impact of schistosomiasis on human nutrition. 811 76


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