Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is uncommon in patients younger than the age of 20 and has been rarely reported. Since 1969, 14 adolescents with severe PDR have been seen, the youngest of whom was 16 years old and the oldest, 19 years old. The shortest duration of diabetes mellitus prior to diagnosis of PDR was eight years. Ten patients had a positive family history of diabetes. Thirteen patients had suboptimal metabolic control. Ten patients had some degree of azotemia, seven were hypertensive, and six had proteinuria. Ophthalmic findings included advanced neovascular and fibrous proliferation on initial classification, and rapid progression to blindness-which was most frequently secondary to traction retinal detachment. In a small retrospective study, pituitary ablation may have offered greater preservation of vision than that observed in untreated patients.
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PMID:Severe adolescent-onset proliferative diabetic retinopathy: the effect of pituitary ablation. 67 70

22 cases of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome with exudative retinal detachment were studied. Fluorescein angiography performed in 5 patients 7-14 days post-parturition revealed choroidal circulatory disturbances and retinal pigment epithelial damages, while the retinal capillaries also showed damages of varying degrees. The authors regarded the former as the primary pathological basis for the retinal detachment, with the latter also playing a pathogenic role. The incidence and the source of fluid of the retinal detachment in relation to general edema, proteinuria, and hypertension were discussed.
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PMID:[Exudative retinal detachment in the pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome]. 142 37

Ten patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with newly diagnosed cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis were treated with an induction regimen of intravenous foscarnet, 60 mg/kg of body weight, administered as a 2-h infusion and repeated every 8 h for 14 days. At the end of induction, 9 of 10 patients had stabilized (no new retinal lesions and stable old lesions [7 patients]) or improved (decreased retinal opacification [2 patients]). All eight patients with CMV in urine or blood upon entry into the study had negative urine and blood cultures at the end of induction. After induction therapy, seven patients continued maintenance foscarnet therapy, 60 mg/kg as a single daily infusion, 5 days/week. In six patients, retinal lesions increased in size after 2 to 32 weeks of maintenance therapy. One was invaluable because a retinal detachment developed. Only 9 of 42 blood and urine cultures obtained during maintenance foscarnet therapy yielded CMV, compared with 7 of 14 obtained prior to the initiation of foscarnet induction therapy (P = 0.04). Foscarnet toxicity was mild and infrequent: elevation in serum creatinine by 0.5 to 1.3 mg/dl over the base line (two patients), muscle twitching (three patients), hemoglobin decrease by 1 mg/dl (two patients), nausea (two patients), absolute neutrophil count decrease by 50% (one patient), rise in serum phosphorus to greater than 5.5 mg/dl (four patients), and proteinuria (two patients). Intermittently administered intravenous foscarnet appears to be an effective, relatively nontoxic therapy for CMV retinitis. Additional studies to determine the optimal dosage for maintenance therapy are needed, as are comparative trials with ganciclovir.
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PMID:Foscarnet treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 254 90

Spontaneous (not experimentally induced) systemic hypertension was detected in 5 male dogs that were examined because of apparent blindness caused by intraocular hemorrhage and/or retinal detachment. Secondary causes of hypertension, including renal, adrenal, and thyroid disease, were investigated. Four of the dogs had glomerulonephropathy, renal insufficiency, and proteinuria. Four dogs had compensatory cardiac hypertrophy. Hypertension in 4 of 5 dogs was associated with glomerulosclerosis with chronic renal insufficiency, bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia, adrenocortical adenoma with renal amyloidosis, and immune-mediated glomerulonephritis with chronic renal insufficiency, respectively. The fifth dog was determined to have essential hypertension. The dogs were treated for their primary diseases. Sodium restriction alone was inadequate to reduce blood pressure; 4 of the dogs also required antihypertensive medications.
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PMID:Spontaneous systemic hypertension in dogs: five cases (1981-1983). 317 Mar 25

We report on an 11-year-old boy with distinct facial anomalies, iris coloboma, iris hypoplasia, cataract, high myopia, retinal detachment, moderate sensorineural hearing loss, and proteinuria. He appears to have the facio-oculo-acoustico-renal (FOAR) syndrome, a rare familial disorder reported only 4 times previously. In contrast to the other patients, he has normal intellect.
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PMID:Facio-oculo-acoustico-renal (FOAR) syndrome: case report and review. 906 82

Toxaemia of pregnancy associating hypertension and proteinuria can cause maternal and ocular complications. Maternal ocular involvement is classically described with loss of visual acuity due to serous retinal detachment. We report a case of a 31 year old woman who just complained of severe deterioration of visual acuity. During her stay at the hospital we discovered a pregnancy complicated by a HELLP syndrome. Resturation of vision has been obtained after fetal expulsion and medical treatment against hypertension.
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PMID:[Cesarean, result of an exploration of a loss of visual acuity]. 974 22

In this article, we present two cases of bilateral retinal detachment in toxemia of pregnancy. The first case describes 31-year old patient admitted to hospital due to toxemia of pregnancy in the 38th week of the second pregnancy. Medical examination following admission showed blood pressure 180/130 mm Hg oedema of face and legs. Accessory investigations displayed proteinuria, leukocyturia, bacteriuria. At the fundus of eye the features of initial retinopatia hypertonica were discovered. On the fifth day of the patient's hospitalization because of the worsening of general health condition and sudden blood pressure increase, the pregnancy was delivered by cesarean section. Some hours after awakening the patient reported the loss of vision of both eyes. Ophthalmological examination showed the occurrence of retinal detachment. Tearing wasn't found. When the protein deficiency was supplemented and antiinflammatory and oedema--reducing treatment was administered the blood pleasure stabilized retina attached itself and visual functions returned. In the second case 22-year old patient was admitted to hospital at term of labour with blood pressure 150/90 mm Hg and a little proteinuria. On the second day of hospitalization the pregnancy was delivered through natural passages. A few hours after the delivery the patient reported indistinct vision and blurring of the image. Through ophthalmological examination retinal detachment was stated. Tearing was not found. Thanks to bed regime and resorbing treatment total retinal attachment was gained and visual functions returned. This case suggests that retinal detachment of pregnant woman does not have to be proceeded by symptoms of toxemia of pregnancy and the period of delivery may accelerate and release mechanisms damaging choriocapillaries, which causes the flow of liquid from vessels of chorioidea to subretinal space.
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PMID:[Bilateral retinal detachment in toxemia of pregnancy]. 1052 47

Sixty-six cases of eclampsia amongst 9178 deliveries were managed from July, 1997 to December, 1998 in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at UCMS & GTB Hospital, Delhi. The aim was to evaluate the changing trends in patients of eclampsia and to assess the efficacy of dilantin in its treatment. The incidence recorded was 1 in 139 deliveries (0.7%). Majority (90.91%) were unsupervised in antenatal period and 68.18% were primigravidae. Eclampsia developed at < 28 weeks of pregnancy in 3.03% of patients. All the patients had hypertension and proteinuria at the time of admission and 51.52% showed hypertensive changes on fundus examination. While single anticonvulsant therapy in the form of dilantin was used to manage 57.57% of patients, 13.64% required intubation and positive pressure ventilation. Fit recurrence on treatment was noticed in 40.91% of patients. Lower segment caesarean section was conducted in 18.18% of patients. Three maternal deaths (4.56%) attributed to ventricular tachycardia, aspiration and intracerebral haemorrhage were recorded. Morbidity was frequent in the form of status eclampticus (n = 5), postpartum psychosis (n = 5), retinal detachment (n = 1), coagulation abnormality (n = 11). The perinatal mortality rate was 30.43%. The study concludes that eclampsia is still rampant in India and despite better medical facilities, maternal and perinatal mortality remains high. The efficacy of dilantin as anti-eclamptic needs to be reviewed.
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PMID:Dilantin as anticonvulsant in eclampsia. 1245 87

We report optical coherence tomography-3 (OCT-3) of retinal disorders in acute preeclampsia. A 33-year-old woman developed mind hypertension (170/90 mm Hg) and proteinuria in the 28th week of pregnancy. The patient complained of sudden and severe visual acuity decrease. Fundus exam showed bilateral serous retinal detachment at the macula area. OCT-3 exam demonstrated subretinal and intraretinal fluid. Bilateral serous retinal detachment is an unusual finding of preeclampsia of unknown aetiology. Intense arteriolar vasospasm has been implicated in the pathogenesis of the serous retinal detachment. OCT-3 showed the presence of both subretinal and intraretinal fluid during the acute phase of preeclampsia.
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PMID:OCT-3 study of serous retinal detachment in a preeclamptic patient. 1776 43

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a key role in the development of both proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and diabetic macular oedema (DMO). In recent years, anti-VEGF agents have emerged as new approaches to the treatment of these devastating diabetic complications. Although Phase III studies in the diabetic population are needed, intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy is currently being used in clinical practice. Intravitreal injection is an effective means of delivering anti-VEGF drugs to the retina. However, this is an invasive procedure associated with potentially serious complications, such as endophthalmitis or retinal detachment, which may be significant for patients requiring serial treatment over many years. In addition, although delivered within the vitreous, anti-VEGF drugs could pass into the systemic circulation, which could potentially result in hypertension, proteinuria, increased cardiovascular events and impaired wound healing. Pegaptanib, ranibizumab and bevacizumab are the currently available anti-VEGF agents. Ranibizumab and bevacizumab block all VEGF isoforms, thus impairing both physiological and pathological neovascularisation. Pegaptanib only blocks the VEGF(165) isoform, and would therefore seem the best option for avoiding systemic adverse effects in diabetic patients, although this remains to be demonstrated in clinical trials. In this regard, head-to-head studies designed to evaluate not only the efficacy, but also the systemic adverse effects of these drugs in a high-risk population such as diabetic patients are warranted.
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PMID:Intravitreous anti-VEGF for diabetic retinopathy: hopes and fears for a new therapeutic strategy. 1860 60


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