Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum and urine were collected from 58 patients with nephrotic syndrome. Immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG and IgM), complement (C3) and transferrin levels were measured by single radial immunodiffusion. The extent of glomerular injury was estimated by determining the selectivity of proteinuria. The relationship between the severity of glomerular damage and serum concentrations of immunoglobulins and complement was assessed. Higher IgM and lower IgG serum concentrations were found in nephrotic patients than in normal controls (157 +/- 108 mg+ vs 127 +/- 38 mg% for IgM, 929 +/- 537 mg% for IgG). The difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.05 for IgM, p less than 0.001 for IgG). No correlation was present between the selectivity of proteinuria and serum levels of IgA, IgM, IgG or C3. The results indicate that abnormalities in humoral components of the immune system are present in nephrotic patients and are probably related to a basic immunological defect in the patients rather than to the severity of glomerular damage.
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PMID:Humoral components of immunological response in nephrotic syndrome. 57 31

Two children with congenital fibroelastosis and recurrent episodes of heart failure had overt proteinuria and hematuria; one also had a reversible nephrotic syndrome. Urinary manifestations persisted during periods of cardiac compensation. Renal biopsies revealed mesangial hyperplasia by light microscopy, identical ultrastructural lesions in the glomerular basement membrane, and deposits of fibrin in one of the biopsy specimens studied by immunofluorscence. These changes detected by electron microscopy may result in an increase in glomerular permeability independent of the renal hemodynamic disturbances associated with cardiac insufficiency. The progression of the lesions appears to be slow, although urinary manifestations may simulate an intercurrent glomerulonephritis. Pulmonary hypertension and renal venous stasis with glomerular intravascular coagulation were discussed as possible pathogenic mechanisms.
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PMID:Glomerular lesions in congenital endocardial fibroelastosis: clinical manifestations and ultrastructural studies in two patients. 58 Aug 81

The morphologic features observed in the renal biopsy specimens from three patients with massive obesity complicated by the nephrotic syndrome are described. In the two patients with active disease, the majority of the glomeruli showed focal to extensive fibrin deposition both within and adjacent to capillary loops, associated with adhesions to Bowman's capsule, with a variable endocapillary proliferative response. In the patient with inactive disease, the majority of the glomeruli appeared normal. However, fibrin-like material, similar to that seen in the active phase, was infrequently found ultrastructurally in the subendothelial portion of the capillary loops. Subendothelial vacuolated material was also observed. Although intravascular coagulation was suggested in this disorder, only minor coagulation abnormalities were discovered. In two of the patients, the massive proteinuria has resolved with weight reduction.
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PMID:The nephrotic syndrome in massive obesity: a study by light, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. 58 Aug 86

A 60 year old hyperthyroid black woman with long-standing Graves' disease treated with methimazole presented with anasarca and congestive heart failure. She was found to have the nephrotic syndrome with a urinary protein excretion of 32 g/day. Light and electron microscopy revealed a stage II membranous glomerulopathy. Direct and indirect immunofluorescence demonstrated immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), third component of complement and thyroglobulin in a granular diffuse pattern consistent with an immune complex glomerulonephritis. Total thyroidectomy led to a decrease in proteinuria with little change in glomerular filtration rate during an 11 month follow-up period. We believe this to be the first report of immune complex glomerulonephritis associated with thyroid antigen in Graves' disease.
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PMID:Thyroid antigen associated immune complex glomerulonephritis in Graves' disease. 58 94

Isolated glomerulonephritis with mesangial IgA deposits was the most common single finding encountered in a large biopsy series in an Australian community and was found in 50 patients, 18% of those presenting for the investigation of primary glomerular disease. A uniform histopathological picture of mesangial enlargement, with or without focal and segmental features was present. A tendency to progression was suggested by the frequent presence of glomerulosclerosis, interstitial scarring and vascular hyalinization. Because of the uniform histological immunofluorescence and ultrastructural appearances, the term IgA nephropathy has been used for this condition. The clinical picture, however, was heterogenous. Presenting symptoms included macroscopic hematuria (34%), proteinuria (32%) acute nephritis (10%), nephrotic syndrome (6%), malignant hypertension (8%), acute renal failure (6%) and chronic renal failure (4%). There was a striking correlation of increased blood pressure and decreased renal function with increasing age. While the period of follow-up was too short to assess individual patient data, a gradual and progressive decrease in renal function over several decades is suspected in patients with this condition.
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PMID:IgA nephropathy: a syndrome of uniform morphology, diverse clinical features and uncertain prognosis. 58 77

A case of minimal change glomerulonephritis, associated with the nephrotic syndrome and prolonged acute renal failure requiring two months of dialysis, is reported. Complete recovery of renal function occurred, but proteinuria recurred, responding to a course of steroids. Normal renal function without proteinuria has been observed for two years subsequently. The full return of renal function without specific therapy demonstrates that spontaneous recovery is possible in this rare complication of minimal change glomerulonephritis.
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PMID:Reversible acute renal failure in the nephrotic syndrome with minimal glomerular pathology. 60 Jan 64

A quantitative investigation was performed of glomeruli in renal ibiopsies from patients with nephrotic syndrome or persisting proteinuria associated with normal light microscopic findings or slight changes not considered significant ("minimal change disease", lipoid nephrosis). The mesangial area was widened (+ 26 per cent, p less than 0.05) and there was an increase in the mean of the total number of cellular nuclei per glomerulus, the number of mesangial (+ 16 per cent) and edothelial nuclei (+ 23 per cent), but of these only endothelial hypercellularity was significant (p less than 0.025).
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PMID:A quantitative study of glomeruli in idiopathic nephrosis with minimal or no glomerular lesions. 60 77

Renal tissues were studied using electron microscopy (EM) and immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM) from three patients who were found to have chronic interstitial nephritis (pyelonephritis) by light microscopy (LM). By LM, 90% of the glomeruli in two patients and all glomeruli in one patient were normal. By EM, glomerular capillaries in all patients revealed generalized fusion of epithelial foot processes. In two patients, IFM for immunoglobulins, third component of complement and fibrinogen were negative. These two patients received corticosteroids for 6 to 12 weeks. In one, proteinuria markedly decreased (from 17.9 to 1.1 gm) in four weeks and in the other follow-up studies of renal histology revealed normal glomeruli and partial restoration of foot processes by LM and EM respectively. Thus, this study offers evidence for lipoid nephrosis (or minimal lesion disease) as an etiology of nephrotic syndrome in chronic interstitial nephritis (pyelonephritis). The impaired renal function in these patients is attributed to tubulo-interstitial disease rather than glomerular pathology. It remains to be determined whether the two disparate pathological conditions have coexisted or chronic interstitial nephritis had led to the appearance of lipoid nephrosis through an unidentified mechanism.
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PMID:An etiology of nephrotic syndrome in chronic interstitial nephritis (pyelonephritis); an electron microscopic study. 61 Apr 18

We analyzed serums from 39 children with steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome for the presence of circulating soluble immune complexes. Seventeen of 18 children in relapse had raised levels of IgG complexes: median titers were significantly higher in these patients than in control children (P less than 0.001) or in nephrotic children in sustained remission (P less than 0.001). Seven of nine children followed sequentially had raised complex levels in early remission but became normal after six weeks in remission. In contrast to patients with systemic lupus erythematosus these IgG complexes were not able to bind C1q. Serums from five patients in relapse contained complexes intermediate in size (2 to 2.5 X 10(6) daltons) as compared to those seen in systemic lupus erythematosus, and four of the five had small complexes as well (3 to 5 X 10(5) daltons). These findings suggest that immune complexes may have a pathologic role in steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome, but the mechanism by which proteinuria is effected remains unclear.
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PMID:Circulating immune complexes in steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome. 61 41

The small intestinal exudates of patients with protein-losing enteropathies produced by celiac disease or proximal jejunal Crohn's disease were compared with controls. The exudates in control subjects were highly selective, whereas those of the celiac and Crohn's disease subjects were relatively nonselective. It is believed that this loss of selectivity is secondary to basement membrane damage. An analogy is drawn with the renal lesion in nephrotic syndrome where basement membrane damage is associated with nonselective proteinuria.
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PMID:Selectivity of small intestinal exudate in celiac disease and Crohn's disease. 61 23


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