Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a common cause of acute renal failure. The clinical presentation differs from that of interstitial nephritis due to antibiotic use: proteinuria is much more common in NSAID-induced nephritis, while eosinophilia, eosinophiluria, fever and rash are more common in antibiotic-related nephritis. Tubulointerstitial disease associated with NSAID use is more common in women than in men and is more frequently seen in the elderly. Because no prospective study of treatment for NSAID-induced acute tubulointerstitial nephritis has been performed, the efficacy of steroid therapy remains uncertain.
 ...
PMID:Renal dysfunction resulting from NSAIDs. 234 2

The therapeutic use of cisplatin is associated with acute renal failure. The purpose of this study was to determine (a) if streptozotocin (STZ) was toxic to renal proximal tubules and (b) the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin in STZ-diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with STZ (55 mg/kg, ip) to induce a diabetic state. BUN and renal cortical slice uptake of p-aminohippurate (PAH) and tetraethylammonium (TEA) were not altered, relative to normoglycemic rats, 3, 16, and 28 days following STZ treatment. These results indicate that STZ is not toxic to renal proximal tubules. Cisplatin nephrotoxicity studies were then conducted in STZ-diabetic and normoglycemic rats. Cisplatin nephrotoxicity was also evaluated in diabetic rats pretreated for 8 days with insulin. Diabetic and normoglycemic rats were administered 5 mg/kg cisplatin or water (ip). Increased kidney weight, BUN levels, glucosuria, and proteinuria were measured in normoglycemic rats 4 days after cisplatin administration. Renal cortical TEA and lactate-stimulated PAH uptake (p less than 0.05) were diminished in the normoglycemic rats 4 days after cisplatin injection. No change in kidney weight, BUN levels, or renal cortical slice accumulation of PAH and TEA was observed in diabetic rats treated with cisplatin. However, cisplatin administration to diabetic rats pretreated with insulin resulted in increased mortality, proteinuria, glucosuria and elevated kidney weight. These results indicate that the diabetic state attenuates cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Additionally, these results indicate that diabetes attenuation of cisplatin nephrotoxicity is dependent on the severity of the diabetic state.
 ...
PMID:Attenuation of cisplatin nephrotoxicity by streptozotocin-induced diabetes. 273 67

The cost/benefit ratio of renal biopsy defines the mandatory indications in situations where histologic diagnosis is required for the choice of treatment and for predicting the evolution of renal function. These indications include nephrotic syndrome, permanent proteinuria associated with microhematuria or not, rapidly progressive nephropathies, and, at least in some authors' view, systemic lupus erythematosus. Additional indications should be considered in patients presenting with acute renal failure of unknown origin, renal involvement accompanying systemic diseases, isolated microhematuria and intermittent proteinuria. In these latter indications histology allows the choice of specific therapy in some 20% of cases; the evolution of renal function can be correctly evaluated in 90% of cases. Patients usually consider renal biopsy a benign investigation which helps them to cope with their disease on the basis of a definite diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:[Indications for renal biopsy]. 274 17

Ischemic acute renal failure is principally a disease of the elderly, but the effect of aging on renal susceptibility to ischemic damage has not been defined. To address this issue, adolescent (3-4 months), mature (12-13 months), and aged (24-25 months) rats underwent base-line renal functional assessments, and then they were subjected to a standardized ischemic event (37-minute, bilateral renal artery occlusion). The loss of renal function [assessed by azotemia and creatinine clearance, (Ccr)] and the severity of tubular damage (necrosis, casts) were determined 24 hours later. Base-line functional assessments indicated no significant differences in Ccr/100 gm body weight between the groups, but urinary protein excretion increased with age (p less than 0.001). In response to renal artery occlusion, the adolescent, mature, and aged rats lost 59 +/- 4, 82 +/- 4, and 94 +/- 1% of their base-line Ccr (p less than 0.01), respectively. Among the proteinuric rats, no correlation was noted between percent loss Ccr and urinary protein excretion. Despite the large differences in postischemic renal function, the extent of tubular morphologic damage did not differ among the groups. The percent loss Ccr did not correlate with necrosis (r = -0.02) or casts (r = 0.07). Although focal glomerulosclerosis and mild tubular atrophy were noted in the aged kidneys these lesions were minimal to absent in the mature rats. We conclude that aging increases susceptibility to severe ischemic acute renal failure in the rat, an effect that is apparent even during a transition from the adolescent to the mature state. This finding cannot be simply ascribed to increasing proteinuria, a loss of renal functional reserve, or to increased tubular morphologic damage. The data are most consistent with the view that underlying age-related glomerular/hemodynamic changes lead to an exaggerated functional decline in response to ischemic renal injury.
 ...
PMID:Effects of aging on expression of ischemic acute renal failure in rats. 277 Feb 46

We describe two patients who developed acute renal failure during therapy with fumaric acid-esters. Histologic findings after renal biopsy in one patient were compatible with the diagnosis of acute tubular necrosis (ATN), and renal function was restored after cessation of the medication. The histologic diagnosis in the other patient was tubulo-interstitial nephritis (TIN), possibly reactive to ATN. The recovery of renal function was incomplete after 9 months. Two other patients had deterioration of renal function and proteinuria during therapy with fumaric acid-esters. The symptoms were completely reversible in one patient after discontinuation of the medication, and incompletely reversible in the other. The literature is reviewed and a comparison is drawn with the maleic acid model in the rat.
 ...
PMID:[Acute kidney insufficiency in the treatment of psoriasis using fumaric esters]. 277 86

AIDS-associated nephropathy (AAN) causing acute renal failure has been described in patients with AIDS. It is characterized by massive proteinuria and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. From 1982 until 1987, 177 patients with AIDS were seen in our center. Most of them were homosexual or bisexual men. One patient was also an intravenous drug addict. One patient was a black female. None suffered from a nephrotic syndrome or needed hemodialysis during their illness. In 47 of the 110 patients who died an autopsy was performed. On microscopical examination of kidney tissue obtained at autopsy, no abnormalities were seen in 12 patients and slight abnormalities were found in 35 patients. Glomerular changes, mostly fibrous caps in Bowman's space, were present in 22 patients. Mesangial and intracapillary lesions were seen in only 5 patients. Tubular atrophy was found in 14 patients and sparse interstitial inflammation in 15 patients. A renal localisation of disseminated opportunistic infections was found in 11 patients: CMV (n = 4), tuberculosis (n = 2), Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (n = 1) and Cryptococcal infection (n = 4). In one patient a renal localisation of a Kaposi sarcoma and in another patient a renal localisation of a disseminated non-Hodgkin lymphoma was found. In conclusion the clinical picture of AAN with acute renal failure was not found in our center. As is the case with heroin associated nephropathy, AAN seems to be confined to certain areas in the USA, suggesting that racial or local co-factors, are important for the pathogenesis of AAN in AIDS.
 ...
PMID:Glomerular lesions and opportunistic infections of the kidney in AIDS: an autopsy study of 47 cases. 278 96

We use the unexpected results of five kidney biopsies to discuss how early biopsy in renal disease can change the therapy and correct the diagnosis of the disease. The first patient was a 73 year-old male diabetic who had osteomyelitis and developed rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. The next patient was a 72 year-old man who was treated for cardiac failure and increasing serum creatinine. The kidney biopsy revealed rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. The third patient developed acute renal failure after an episode with vomiting. Here the histological diagnosis was acute renal failure and parenchymatous renal disease could be ruled out. The next patient was a 13 year-old girl. She had proteinuria (5-6 g/d) and hypertension (200/140 mm Hg). After four months, serum creatinine was 200 mumol/l. She was then biopsied, and we found membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type 1. After the diagnosis was established she was treated with immunosuppression and her condition improved. The last patient was a 55 year-old male diabetic. He developed nephrotic syndrome and the histological diagnosis of the kidney biopsy was membranous glomerulonephritis stage 1. Six months after the kidney biopsy we found carcinoma of the lung. This underlines the importance of the fact that 10% of membranous glomerulonephritides are tumour associated.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical significance of early kidney biopsy]. 281 89

Thirteen cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) have been observed in the Nancy area. Ten occurred during the summer of 1983 and three in April and May 1985. The clinical characteristics were in each case very typical: abrupt onset with high fever, myalgia, intense lumbar and abdominal pain, pulsatile headache, inflammatory syndrome, WBC count increase and thrombocytopenia. Acute renal failure occurred a few days later with oliguria (9 cases out of 13), massive proteinuria (9/13) and hematuria (6/13). All patients recovered without sequelae within 8-10 days. Renal biopsy performed in 8 patients showed slight tubular lesions with interstitial mononuclear cell infiltrate, congestion and diffuse interstitial edema, and in 2 cases hemorrhagic extravasation. No glomerular lesions were observed. Clinical, histological and epidemiological characteristics of these 13 French cases are highly similar to those of the Scandinavian Nephropathia Epidemica reports. The epidemiology of HFRS remains unclear as do its pathophysiological mechanisms.
 ...
PMID:[Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Apropos of 13 cases observed in Lorraine]. 287 52

Three cases of Hantaan virus infection (Korean haemorrhagic fever) leading to acute renal failure are described. All three had mild haemorrhagic fever with a renal syndrome. It had started with acute fever followed by oliguria, proteinuria and microhaematuria (in two patients) in the further course of the disease, as well as urea and creatinine retention. One patient needed to be dialysed twice. Hantaan virus-specific IgG antibodies were demonstrated in all three patients; one also had IgM antibodies.
 ...
PMID:[Hantaan virus infections as a cause of acute kidney failure. 3 cases in West Germany]. 289

Acute renal failure was diagnosed by clinical, necropsy and histological criteria in 39 flocks (20 low ground, 13 hill and six marginal upland) in areas served by six veterinary investigation centres. Forty-eight lambs of 12 different breeds or crosses were investigated. The mean age of affected lambs was 38 days (range seven to 84 days); 21 lambs (44 per cent) were aged seven to 28 days, while only eight (17 per cent) were older than two months. Mortality in clinically affected lambs was almost 100 per cent, with no response to various treatments. Histological examination showed that 40 lambs (83 per cent) had nephrosis, while the rest had toxic tubular necrosis, interstitial nephritis or tubular damage associated with oxalate crystal deposits. Only about half of the lambs had any evidence of enteric infections or enteropathy. Acutely ill lambs had azotaemia, haemoconcentration and proteinuria; some lambs had glycosuria or haematuria. Samples of plasma from 22 lambs with nephrosis were compared with similar samples from 82 incontact but asymptomatic lambs. The clinically affected group had significantly elevated plasma urea, creatinine, total protein, globulin, phosphorus and chloride concentrations and significantly reduced plasma calcium concentrations compared with healthy lambs. Affected lambs had a significant reduction also in the calcium:phosphorus ratio. No significant differences between groups was found in plasma concentrations of albumin, glucose, lactate, glycerol, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase, sodium, potassium or magnesium.
 ...
PMID:Acute nephropathy in young lambs. 291 11


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>