Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The kidney is one of the target organs involved as a consequence of the systemic complications seen in drug abusers. This may manifest itself in one of the following forms: acute hepatitis with modest proteinuria (less than 2 Gm. per day); bacterial endocarditis with hematuria, azotemia, and a focal or diffuse glomerulonephritis; the nephrotic syndrome with focal mesangial sclerosis and diffuse interstitial nephritis often pursuing a fulminant course terminating in uremia; acute renal failure secondary to rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria; polyarteritis nodosa with renal involvement; and obstructive uropathy secondary to fungus ball in the urinary tract.
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PMID:Renal complications of drug addiction. 1 1

Heroin addiction is associated with several severe and occasionally fatal renal complications. Acute renal failure consequent to rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria, when treated supportively, carries a good prognosis. Staphylococcal or other bacterial septicemia may in itself prove fatal and is associated with a proliferative immune complex, acute glomerulonephritis, which generally follows the course and prognosis of septicemia. The necrotizing angiitis reported in heroin addicts still is largely undefined. Focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis is the most common pathologic finding in the syndrome of heroin-associated nephropathy (HAN). Typically, HAN presents with massive proteinuria and progresses rapidly to renal failure. Presumptive evidence supports the premise that heroin or its vehicles elicits immunologically mediated renal damage. The antigen still is unidentified. Removing the antigenic challenge by stopping heroin injection apparently interdicts the progression of renal disease. Renal transplantation can be effectively accomplished in patients with HAN without early recurrence if patients discontinue the use of heroin.
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PMID:Renal consequences of narcotic abuse. 2 85

A patient with paroxysmal myoglobinuria presented with low molecular weight (LMW) proteinuria in association with an episode of exertional myoglobinuria. Since no signs of acute renal failure were present, the cause was probably competition between myoglobin and other LMW proteins for proximal tubular reabsorption. Agarose gel electrophoresis was found to be an excellent method for the investigation of myoglobinuria since this technique not only allowed the separation of myoglobin from hemoglobin but also myoglobin from metmyoglobin.
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PMID:Low molecular weight proteinuria in association with paroxysmal myoglobinuria. 4 77

Malaria infection leads to renal involvement. Reversible proteinuria accompanies many plasmodial infections. Chronic malarial nephrotic syndrome is specifically associated with quartan malaria. Acute renal failure is restricted to infections with Plasmodium falciparum. The pathogenesis of renal involvement during malarial infections includes immunological mechanisms. It is now realized that there exist at least two types of immunological processes: acute transient immune-complex glomerulonephritis with reversible proteinuria and chronic immune-complex glomerulonephritis with irreversible nephrotic syndrome.
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PMID:[Renal involvement in malaria (author's transl)]. 13 74

A case of acute renal failure subsequent to hypertonic saline abortion is reported. A 26-year-old woman who had received a kidney allograft 7 months earlier was admitted to hospital for midtrimester abortion. Shortly after saline installation she developed a fever. Fetus and placenta were passed the following day but her temperature continued to rise. Urine output rose sharply; urinalysis showed a specific gravity of 1.005, 1+ proteinuria, moderate hemoglobinuria, 5-10 leukocytes, and a few granular casts. Her medications were 125 mg/day azathioprine, 25 mg/day prednisone, aluminum hydroxide gel, calcium carbonate, dihydrotachysterol and multivitamins. Her condition improved to the point of discharge 1 week postabortion. It is hypothesized that a combination of hemoglobinuria and mild intravascular coagulation contributed to the condition. Caution is advised when considering saline abortion for patients with transplanted kidneys.
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PMID:Acute renal failure as a complication of hypertonic saline abortion in a kidney allograft recipient. 33 26

Renal function studies were performed in three cases of paraquat poisoning. Acute renal failure was observed in all three cases. Glomerular filtration rate improved for two patients who survived three weeks, illustrating the reversible nature of paraquat-induced acute renal failure. A mild to moderate transient proteinuria was observed during the first and second weeks following paraquat ingestion. Renal glucosuria, marked amino aciduria, and increased fractional excretion of phosphorus, sodium, and uric acid were observed. These findings, which have not been previously described in man, are indicative of proximal tubular dysfunction and parallel observations previously made in experimental animals.
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PMID:Nephrotoxicity of paraquat in man. 43 71

We studied the influence of intravenous pyelography (IVP) in 40 diabetic patients with a serum creatinine level of less than 2 mg/100 ml. None of the patients experienced irreversible renal function changes but 4 patients had an early significant rise in creatinine levels (greater than 0.2 mg/100 ml). In 3 of these it was only mild, but 1 patient sustained reversible serious damage with a creatinine rising from 1.6 to 3.8 mg/100 ml. 3 of these 4 patients had evidence of renal disease with mild creatinine elevations or proteinuria. Thus, IVP is a relatively safe procedure in nonuremic diabetic patients. This is different from IVP in diabetic patients who have creatinines over 2 mg/100 ml where 76% of the patients have serious acute renal failure and this is irreversible in one-third.
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PMID:Intravenous pyelography in nonuremic diabetic patients. 51 24

Diabetic patients with chronic renal failure are known to be at risk for exacerbation of renal failure if they undergo intravenous pyelography (IVP). The present report demonstrates that diabetic patients with normal serum creatinine levels can sustain irreversible renal failure following an IVP. The experiences with this case suggest that, if the creatinine clearance is decreased in an insulin-dependent patient irrespective of the serum creatinine value, one must be aware of the possible hazard of acute renal failure and irreversible renal damage following the IVP. This would appear to be especially true if the diabetic patient has proteinuria in combination with the decreased creatinine clearance.
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PMID:Acute renal failure in insulin-dependent diabetics: episodes secondary to intravenous pyelography. 55 65

Isolated glomerulonephritis with mesangial IgA deposits was the most common single finding encountered in a large biopsy series in an Australian community and was found in 50 patients, 18% of those presenting for the investigation of primary glomerular disease. A uniform histopathological picture of mesangial enlargement, with or without focal and segmental features was present. A tendency to progression was suggested by the frequent presence of glomerulosclerosis, interstitial scarring and vascular hyalinization. Because of the uniform histological immunofluorescence and ultrastructural appearances, the term IgA nephropathy has been used for this condition. The clinical picture, however, was heterogenous. Presenting symptoms included macroscopic hematuria (34%), proteinuria (32%) acute nephritis (10%), nephrotic syndrome (6%), malignant hypertension (8%), acute renal failure (6%) and chronic renal failure (4%). There was a striking correlation of increased blood pressure and decreased renal function with increasing age. While the period of follow-up was too short to assess individual patient data, a gradual and progressive decrease in renal function over several decades is suspected in patients with this condition.
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PMID:IgA nephropathy: a syndrome of uniform morphology, diverse clinical features and uncertain prognosis. 58 77

A case of minimal change glomerulonephritis, associated with the nephrotic syndrome and prolonged acute renal failure requiring two months of dialysis, is reported. Complete recovery of renal function occurred, but proteinuria recurred, responding to a course of steroids. Normal renal function without proteinuria has been observed for two years subsequently. The full return of renal function without specific therapy demonstrates that spontaneous recovery is possible in this rare complication of minimal change glomerulonephritis.
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PMID:Reversible acute renal failure in the nephrotic syndrome with minimal glomerular pathology. 60 Jan 64


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