Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Heroin addiction is associated with several severe and occasionally fatal renal complications. Acute renal failure consequent to rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria, when treated supportively, carries a good prognosis. Staphylococcal or other bacterial septicemia may in itself prove fatal and is associated with a proliferative immune complex, acute glomerulonephritis, which generally follows the course and prognosis of septicemia. The necrotizing angiitis reported in heroin addicts still is largely undefined. Focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis is the most common pathologic finding in the syndrome of heroin-associated nephropathy (HAN). Typically, HAN presents with massive proteinuria and progresses rapidly to renal failure. Presumptive evidence supports the premise that heroin or its vehicles elicits immunologically mediated renal damage. The antigen still is unidentified. Removing the antigenic challenge by stopping heroin injection apparently interdicts the progression of renal disease. Renal transplantation can be effectively accomplished in patients with HAN without early recurrence if patients discontinue the use of heroin.
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PMID:Renal consequences of narcotic abuse. 2 85

Measurement of bicarbonate, titratable acid (HTA+) and ammonium in the urine can facilitate clinical evaluation of acid-base status. Sequential measurement of these three components by titrimetric techniques is well established, but possible interference by proteinuria has not been examined. We report the influence on these analyses of albumin and globulin, two proteins commonly observed in urine in renal disease states. The presence of these proteins in urine affects the measurement of NH4+, and to a less extent that of HTA+. The magnitude of the effect depends on the concentration and the kind of protein present. Proteins do not influence the measurement of HCO3-.
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PMID:Effect of protein on titrimetry of bicarbonate, titratable acid, and ammonium in urine. 4 79

An amyloid-like fibrillar substance was obtained under certain chemical conditions from the urine of 11 patients with amyloid nephropathy who had been given a test dose of dimethyl sulphoxide. This fibrillar material could not be produced in the urine from 9 patients with proteinuria due to other causes. This finding may be useful in the diagnosis of amyloid nephropathy and could lead to a new approach to thearpy.
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PMID:Effect of a single dose of dimethyl sulphoxide on renal amyloidosis. 6 23

Main components of kinin system, the arginine-esterase activity and proteinase inhibitors were estimated in blood serum of patients with nephrotic syndrome of various etiology (glomerulonephritis, amyloidosis, systemic lupus erythematous) and also in patients with latent nephritis and in healthy donors. Content of all the kinin system components (kallikreinogen, kininogen and kininase 1) proved to be increased in all the forms of nephropathy studied. Free kallikrein was found in blood serum of patients with nephrotic syndrome as distinct from healthy persons and patients with latent nephritis. The arginine-esterase activity, which shows the level of trypsin-like proteinases, was altered dissimilarly, depending on the nephrotic syndrome etiology: it was maximally increased in nephrotic syndrome of amyloid genesis and decreased in patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. High content of kallikrein and kininase I with simultaneous decrease in kininogen was typical for patients with severe form of nephrotic syndrome. Impairment of kidney in nephrotic syndrome was also characterized by an increase in alpha1-antitrypsin and in the total antitryptic activity, which reached the maximal value in nephrotic syndrome of the I degree and decreased at the II degree of the disease. In nephrotic syndrome content of alpha2-macroglobulin was maximally increased at the II degree of nephrotic syndrome and decreased in severe form of the disease. The primary alteration in content of proteinase inhibitors and high level of kinin system components were assumed to determine the conditions for activation of kinin system in blood serum and to impair the nephrotic syndrome pathogenesis, which was complicated by systemic manifestations. High content of kinin system components was apparently determined by the increased synthesis in liver tissue in response to inflammation and massive proteinuria; kininase I and alpha2-macrolgobulin, as proteins with high molecular weight, were likely to be selectively retained in blood circulation when the capillary penetration was increased.
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PMID:[State of the kinin system and level of serum proteinase inhibitors in latent nephritis and the nephrotic syndrome of different etiology]. 7 Jan 11

Considerable deviations, qualitative and quantitative, in patients with nephropathy were found with the examination 38 patients with various stages of diabetic nephropathy and 14 other diabetic patients as well as 37 healthy subjects. The urine of those patients is characterized by high content of albumin, transferrin and immunoglobulins G, A and M and to lesser degree--of alpha 2-macroglobulin. The selectivity of proteinuria is most frequently decreased, especially in the advanced stages of diabetic nephropathy. Tubular components (light chains, alpha 2- and beta-microglobulins) were also found in the urine of the same patients.
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PMID:[Characteristics of the proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy]. 7 85

The results of low molecular weight (LMW) proteinuria test in urines of patients and suspect subjects in an endemic area of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) in Yugoslavia are reported. An accordance between the positive LMW test and the clinical diagnosis of BEN has been found in more than 70%. The authors claim that LMW immunodiffusion test is a very useful procedure for detecting BEN and a great aid in the epidemiological work in the endemic field. The results of determining beta2-microglobuline (beta2m) in serums and urines by radioimmunoassay technique as well as counting of clearances of endogenous creatinine in healthy persons, "endangered" subjects in endemic area, and BEN patients without azotemia, with azotemia and uremia are reported. The group of 17 patients suffering of BEN without azotemia having slightly or more markedly lowered creatinine clearances showed higher serum and much higher urinary concentration of beta2m which are not in proportion with creatinine clearance. The results are interpreted so far as a consequence of the predominant tubular lesion in BEN. In groups of patients with azotemia and uremia no differences in beta2m handling have been found. The report has a preliminary character and requires further study.
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PMID:beta2-Microglobulin in Balkan endemic nephropathy. 8 72

Acidic hydrolases were assayed in urines of 19 normal children, 33 children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome of childhood (INS), 21 children with glomerulonephritides (GN) and 7 children with persistent proteinuria/hematuria, and in plasma of 10 children each with INS or GN. Both plasma and urinary acidic hydrolases were studied in intermittent orthostatic proteinuria. Cbeta-galactosidase and Cbeta-N-hexosaminidase were done in normals and children with active renal disease. Significantly (P less than 0.01) elevated urinary acidic hydrolases excretion in active renal diseases, both in INS and GN, returned to a normal range with regression of the diseases. Increased postural proteinuria was associated with normal urinary acidic hydrolases. Both beta-galactosidase and beta-N-hexosaminidase excretion was higher than similar mol wt proteins in normals and increased further in active renal diseases. The data suggests that increased urinary acidic hydrolases is related to the activity of the renal disease, and not to urinary WBC, hematuria or proteinuria. The likely source of urinary acidic hydrolases thus appears to be the injured renal parenchyma itself.
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PMID:Urinary acidic hydrolases in renal diseases in children. 10 80

A 2-year-old girl was treated with gold salts for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Treatment had to be discontinued when persistent proteinuria was detected. As this case report indicates, close monitoring of the urine is mandatory during treatment with gold salts to detect early signs of toxicity: hematuria followed by casts and then proteinuria as therapy is continued. Histologic examination with electron microscopy will help to differentiate the different forms of gold toxicity. When the findings are consistent with gold-induced renal involvement, therapy should be discontinued. The gold nephropathy usually resolves in time, with no permanent renal damage.
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PMID:Gold nephropathy in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. 10 19

A disease characterized by edema, proteinuria, hypoproteinemia and hypertension was seen in late gestation in patas monkeys. The initial sign was edema of the perineum, ankles and lower trunk. The onset was abrupt, occurring 7 days or less prepartum. The affected animals were not depressed, and convulsions were not seen. In 6 of the 98 pregnancies during a 1-year period, symptoms of the disease were present. The highest incidence was manifested by primiparous animals with 3 of 36 pregnancies affected. Two of 38 second pregnancies and 1 of 24 third pregnancies were also affected. Five of the animals recovered spontaneously and were normal 14 days postpartum. Edema persisted for 30 days in one female. This animal continued to be hypertensive and had persistent mild proteinuria and hypoproteinemia. She was killed approximately 1 year postpartum due to severe renal disease. The spontaneous disease seen in patas monkeys resembled toxemia of pregnancy in humans more closely than the experimentally induced disease in other animals.
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PMID:Spontaneous preeclamptic toxemia of pregnancy in the patas monkey (Erythrocebus patas). 10 69

Fifty-four children with steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome relapsing within 6 months of their initial response were randomly allocated to receive two different regimens of prednisone therapy. The test regimen differed from the standard prednisone relapse regimen used by the International Study of Kidney Disease in Children in that the total dosage was about double, and the duration of daily therapy (8 weeks vs. a mean of 12 days) as well as the total duration of treatment (8 weeks vs. a mean of approximately 6 weeks) was longer. The proportion of patients relapsing during treatment was significantly smaller (8% vs. 40%) and the length of remission following treatment was significantly longer (3.27 vs. 1.48 months) in the test group. All patients in both groups relapsed by 8 months. During a period of approximately 6 months after this relapse, neither the frequency of relapses nor the mean number of days of proteinuria differed significantly. Opinions of participants in this multicenter trial varied concerning whether these statistically significant differences clinically justified exposing patients to the more intensive treatment regimen. However, all agreed that neither form of treatment was satisfactory in terms of preventing subsequent relapses.
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PMID:Nephrotic syndrome in children: a randomized trial comparing two prednisone regimens in steroid-responsive patients who relapse early. Report of the international study of kidney disease in children. 10 98


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