Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To determine the effect of targeted field administration of oral chemotherapeutic agents on the prevalence, intensity, and morbidity of Schistosoma haematobium infections, we initiated a long-term school-based program in the Msambweni area of Kwale District, Coast Province, Kenya. Prior to treatment, 69% of the children examined (ages 4-21, n = 2,628) were infected; 34% had moderate or heavy infections (greater than 100 eggs/10 ml urine). Infected individuals were randomized to receive, during one year, either metrifonate (10 mg/kg x 3 doses) or praziquantel, (40 mg/kg x 1 dose). At the end of the first year, prevalence of infection fell to 19%; only 2% of the pupils remained in the moderately and heavily infected groups. Corresponding decreases in the prevalence of hematuria (54% in 1984 vs. 16% in 1985) and proteinuria (56% in 1984 vs. 26% in 1985) were noted. These were associated with significant declines in bladder thickening and irregularities noted during ultrasound examinations, but not with decreases in hydronephrosis. There was no significant difference in the post-treatment prevalence or intensity of infection after treatment with metrifonate as compared with praziquantel. These results demonstrate that field-applied chemotherapy with either agent offers a practical strategy for the control of S. haematobium infection and its associated morbidity.
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PMID:Chemotherapy-based control of schistosomiasis haematobia. I. Metrifonate versus praziquantel in control of intensity and prevalence of infection. 314 Jun 83

A clinical study was performed in 2 groups of patients with solitary kidneys, followed for 11-146 months. Group 1 had 9 patients (7 males and 2 females, aged between 23 and 68 years) with unilateral renal agenesis. Group 2 had 13 patients (9 females and 4 males, aged between 27 and 70 years) who underwent unilateral nephrectomy for the following reasons: hydronephrosis secondary to ureteropelvic junction stenosis, 7 patients; renal trauma, 4 patients; benign neoplasia, 2 patients. During the follow up, urinary protein excretion of more than 300 mg/day was observed in 9 patients, 3 in group 1 and 6 in group 2. Eleven patients, 8 in group 1 and 3 in group 2, were hypertensive (diastolic blood pressure higher than 95 mm Hg). Hyperuricemia was observed in 14 patients, 10 in group 1 and 4 in group 2. Seven patients, 4 in group 1 and 3 in group 2, had a significant deterioration of renal function. Neither proteinuria nor renal failure were observed before at least 10 years had elapsed since the anatomic condition of solitary kidney had been established. A surgical renal biopsy was performed in 1 patient with unilateral renal agenesis and showed focal glomerular sclerosis. This study adds support to the view that the reduction of 50% of the renal tissue may be a risky situation in humans as well as in animals.
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PMID:Clinical features of patients with solitary kidneys. 351 62

The teratogenic effects of the dioxin 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) have previously been studied in several species, and hydronephrosis has been reported to be a frequent abnormality in near-term fetuses. C57BL/6N female mice, given 12 micrograms/kg TCDD, P.O., on day 10 of gestation were killed on days 14, 15, and 16; fetal kidneys were collected and prepared for either immunofluorescent localization of several extracellular matrix components (ECM) or transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TCDD-treated and control kidneys showed the same pattern of staining for fibronectin, but TCDD-treated kidneys displayed a diminished overall intensity. The intensity of laminin and type IV collagen immunofluorescence also appeared to be decreased, and deviations in the pattern of antibody binding were detected for differentiating TCDD-treated nephrons. Binding of the laminin antibody to the basal lamina was decreased in the parietal layer of Bowman's capsules in more advanced stages of differentiation. TEM analysis focused on the basal lamina of the tubules and Bowman's capsule. In TCDD-exposed kidneys, ECM components adjacent to differentiating nephrons were less abundant, and the basal lamina of the developing Bowman's capsules had a diminished lamina densa. The earliest nephrons to develop display these defects and comprise the first functional filtration units of the metanephric kidney. These ultrastructural changes noted in TCDD-exposed nephrons may promote proteinuria, a condition normally observed in the developing kidney when the filtration barrier is immature.
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PMID:TCDD alters the extracellular matrix and basal lamina of the fetal mouse kidney. 362 14

We report 3 cases of proteinuria, progressive renal insufficiency and vesicoureteral reflux with no history of urinary tract infection. Renal histology showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. These associations are unusual during childhood but they are common in adults. Generally, vesicoureteral reflux is discovered during radiological evaluation of children with recurrent urinary tract infections. Renal parenchymal damage in children typically results from recurrent infection or progressive hydronephrosis. Development of proteinuria with vesicoureteral reflux usually indicates an irreversible glomerular lesion. Antireflux surgery in patients with vesicoureteral reflux and decreased renal function may be beneficial if performed before the onset of proteinuria. We recommend antireflux surgery for children with persistent vesicoureteral reflux or decreased renal function.
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PMID:Vesicoureteral reflux, proteinuria and renal failure. 394 7

Screening for urinary tract infection was carried out in 23,427 schoolgirls, aged 5 to 14 years, using Uricult and, for hematuria, glycosuria and proteinuria using Hema-combistix. Cultures of 10(5) colonies per ml. or more on two occasions were obtained in 2.3% and a positive culture was confirmed by the family physician using standard culture techniques in 82.7% of cases, giving an overall incidence of infection of 1.9%. Fifty-eight percent of these children had no previous history of any urinary tract symptoms. Of the infected group 9.5% had pyelonephritic scarring, 58.7% chronic cystitis and 58.7% urethral stenosis. Two additional cases had unilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction with hydronephrosis. Reflux occurred in 26.6% of those investigated by voiding cystogram. In 58% of cases the urinary tract infection was not accompanied by significant proteinuria, hematuria or pyuria.Proteinuria was detected on two occasions in 1.6% of the children and confirmed by the family physician in 33% of cases, giving an overall incidence of 0.5%. In this group 9.2% had evidence of pyelonephritic scarring without a positive urine culture.Hematuria was detected on two occasions in 0.6% of the children and was confirmed by the family physician in 53%, giving an overall incidence of 0.3%. Only one case with pyelonephritic scarring was seen in this group.Of the 25 cases with pyelonephritic changes only six had been previously diagnosed radiologically.Four previously unrecognized diabetics were also detected.
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PMID:City-wide screening for urinary abnormalities in schoolgirls. 475 69

The long-term course before, during and after successful pregnancy in six women 3 to 6 years after receiving CD-kidney transplants from dead donors is described. Multiple risk factors such as hypertension, considerable proteinuria, preceding rejection crises etc. have been taken into account. The analysis includes the observation of a pregnancy which began already in the 1st month after transplantation. With the exception of a patient with hydronephrosis, whose functional data remained normal, the transplants of all patients showed better functional data after delivery than before pregnancy (maximum period of observation: 5 years 3 months post delivery). The patients mainly received alternating prednisolone therapy. Immunosuppression was generally reduced in the second trimester and was temporarily increased above the maintenance dosage after delivery. All children were eutrophic at birth and developed normally without complications. Important factors leading to the good overall clinical result were intensive out-patient care and the cooperation between nephrologists, urologists, gynecologists and neonatalogists. Despite our very good experience with 6 pregnancies successfully carried to full term by women with kidney transplants, the risk for mother and child should only cautiously be estimated, taking into account the results of future larger studies.
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PMID:[Pregnancy after kidney transplantation. Report of 6 successful cases with multiple risk factors]. 634 8

A study of the morbidity due to schistosomiasis haematobium was undertaken in 121 children ranging in age from 5 to 19 years, from Kanyamedha Primary School, Kisumu. Of this sample 81% of the males and 42% of the females had Schistosoma haematobium. Proteinuria was detected in 23% of the uninfected children; 54% of those with light infection; 80% of those with moderate infection and 94% of those with heavy infection. Similarly, haematuria was detected in 18% of the apparently uninfected individuals, 64% of those lightly infected, and 76% and 94% of those with moderate and heavy infections, respectively. Three of the 20 children given intravenous pyelography had renal and bladder complications, characterized by hydronephrosis, bladder granuloma, bladder calcification and hydroureter.
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PMID:Morbidity in urinary schistosomiasis in relation to the intensity of infection in Kisumu, Kenya. 688 16

Light and electron microscopic examinations of biopsies of the renal cortex were carried out in 24 patients with chronic pyelonephritis and 12 patients with hydronephrosis, as well as of the medullar substance in 7 of these patients after nephrectomy. A detailed analysis of the processes of granule formation in epithelioid cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) using the previously reported method of mathematical evaluation of the shape of granules (ellipticity) established a moderate direction correlation between the ellipticity of the granules and the level of proteinuria. Signs of activation were found in intact JGA: an increased amount of diamondshaped protogranules. The number of lipid granules decreased in interstitial cells of the medullar substance. In exacerbations of chronic pyelonephritis and experimentally, degenerative and necrotic changes were found in interstitial cells due to edema and infiltration of the medullar substance with polymorphonuclear leukocytes and lymphocytes.
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PMID:[Juxtaglomerular apparatus and interstitial cells of kidney medulla in hydronephrosis and chronic pyelonephritis]. 711 24

A female patient who had open heart surgery for cor triatriatum under hemodialysis, subsequent kidney transplantation and pregnancy is reported. We performed hemodialysis on the patient before, during and after heart surgery to control renal failure. Two years after heart surgery, she received a kidney graft from her mother. The kidney graft showed good function. She was treated with azathioprine and prednisone. Three years after renal transplantation she delivered a healthy male infant by elective Caesarean section at 37 weeks' gestation. Mother and infant did well following delivery. There was lack of hypertension, proteinuria, signs of graft rejection, and recurrence of heart failure during pregnancy. She showed serum creatinine level < 2 mg/dl, a prednisone of < 2 mg/kg/day. Elective Caesarean section has improved hydronephrosis due to the compression of the fetus. The aforementioned good criteria contributed to the successful pregnancy of the renal transplant patient in our experience. We believe early surgical intervention overcomes complicated heart disease even with endstage renal disease, and it gives a chance to receive renal transplantation and have a healthy child. To our knowledge, this is the first report that has described the successful management of open heart surgery under hemodialysis, subsequent renal transplantation and pregnancy in a female patient with chronic renal failure.
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PMID:A case of cor triatriatum with end-stage renal disease: successful management of open heart surgery under hemodialysis, subsequent renal transplantation and pregnancy. 848 11

Between 1983 and 1994, we studied renal function and neonatal conditions for eight pregnancies and births to six women who had received renal transplants in order to assess the effect of an allograft on pregnancy and its outcome. The gestation period was 34 to 39 weeks (mean 36 weeks and 4 days), and four pregnancies ended before term. All eight babies were delivered by cesarean section. Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) was found in both babies of one woman who had been treated with conventional (without cyclosporin) immunosuppression. The serum creatinine level did not change during gestation in any of the women but was elevated after delivery in four. Four mothers suffered from proteinuria (25-364 mg/dl) during gestation, but the proteinuria disappeared after delivery in all but one case. The one exception, persistent proteinuria of 100-200 mg/dl, was assumed to result from the recurrence of the original renal disease (lgA nephropathy). The reduction of creatinine clearance and hydronephrosis of one graft noted during gestation were later reversed. None of the eight babies (four females and four males) was congenitally malformed, and their Apar scores were 6 to 9 (median 8). They are now 3 months to 11 years old, and seven of them are healthy and show good growth. One of the two IUGR babies has not grown well; her weight and height are more than 1 SD below the mean for her age, and she is mentally retarded and suffers from muscle weakness. Compared with dialysis patients, female renal allograft recipient have a better quality of life because they can safely deliver a child if they observe the criteria for pregnancy established for renal allogaft recipients.
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PMID:Parturition in six renal allograft recipients. 864


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