Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Urine specimens from normal individuals, and from patients with bladder cancer, bladder papillomas and urinary tract infections were assayed for the presence of bladder tumor-related antigens. Ten-fold concentrated urine specimens were reacted in Ouchterlony gel diffusion against various anti-human monospecific antisera. With these antisera urine specimens from normal individuals were distinguished from those from patients with bladder carcinoma as well as bladder papilloma. However, the urine samples from individuals with urinary tract infections showed significant reactivity with many of the monospecific antisera as did specimens from patients with bladder cancer and bladder papilloma. Thus, investigations involved in the assay of bladder cancer biological markers should take the proteinuria associated with urinary tract infection into consideration. The potential importance of detecting tumor-specific components for early diagnosis and treatment of bladder neoplasms is stressed.
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PMID:Urinary proteins as biological markers: bladder cancer diagnosis versus urinary tract infection. 677 7

Paraneoplastic syndromes are often associated with renal parenchymal tumours. This report describes a case of renal-cell carcinoma with kappa-chain nephropathy. The patient, a 60-year-old man, had renal tubular dysfunction, shown by low serum concentrations of urate and phosphate. Kappa-chains were found in both serum and urine, but no lambda-chains were found. Investigations showed a clear-cell carcinoma, and the patient underwent a radical nephrectomy. Two years after operation serum phosphate and urate concentrations had returned to normal, and kappa-chains were undetectable in serum or urine. The absence of lambda-chains indicates that the light-chain proteinuria was due to overproduction of the M component, and the disappearance of kappa-chains after the operation suggests a causal relation between the renal tumour and the overproduction of the M component.
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PMID:Light-chain nephropathy in patient with renal carcinoma. 678 17

1 Analgesic nephropathy is part of the analgesic syndrome which has gastrointestinal, haematological, cardiovascular, psychological and psychiatric, and pregnancy and gonadal manifestations; premature ageing may also be a feature. 2 Analgesic nephropathy is a form of renal disease characterized by renal papillary necrosis, secondary chronic interstitial nephritis and renal failure with features of predominant tubulointerstitial dysfunction. 3 The percentage of patients with analgesic nephropathy who present with terminal renal failure is 12%. With appropriate management, 17% of analgesic nephropathy patients improve, 50% remain stable and 23% deteriorate. The 6 year cumulative survival is 70%. The major factors influencing deterioration are malignant hypertension, persistent proteinuria and small initial renal size. 4 The risk of renal papillary carcinoma in patients who regularly take analgesics is 8 per 100,000 patients per year. 5 Renal papillary necrosis is a consequence of the chronic toxicity of all non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and results from medullary ischaemia secondary to suppression of prostaglandin E2 synthesis and from direct cellular toxicity. 6 Analgesic nephropathy is a preventable form of renal disease and renal failure. It can be prevented by limiting the abuse potential of analgesics rather than by making minor modifications in the composition of analgesic mixtures.
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PMID:Clinical and pathological aspects of analgesic nephropathy. 700 90

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia secondary to disseminated intravascular coagulation is a well-described complication of widely metastatic carcinoma. The authors report four cases of gastric carcinoma, one case of colon cancer, and one case of adenocarcinoma of unknown primary in which the patient developed a syndrome analogous to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, consisting of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal failure without definite evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation. In contrast to previous reports, postmortem examination in three of the cases revealed no recurrence or only microscopic foci of residual tumor. In the remaining three, there was clinical and pathologic evidence of grossly disseminated carcinoma. Also in contrast to previous cases, all patients evidenced azotemia and proteinuria at the onset of the syndrome and ultimately uremia was a contributing cause of death. Coagulation profiles showed prolonged thrombin times and elevated fibrin degradation products in four instances and did not distinguish the patients with grossly metastatic disease from those with no tumor or only microscopic residua. Circulating immune complexes containing carcinoembryonic antigen were found in the patient with metastatic colon carcinoma. The syndrome was clinically identical whether or not grossly metastatic tumor was present, and it should not be attributed to advanced disease without definite clinical or pathologic evidence of a recurrence.
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PMID:Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal failure in patients treated for adenocarcinoma. 728 73

As proteinuria was found to be common in patients with prostate cancer, the possible presence of elevated urinary immunoglobulin (Ig) levels was investigated. First morning urine samples from 30 patients with androgen-dependent (AD) and 43 patients with androgen-independent (AI) prostate cancer were tested. A sensitive, solid-phase radioimmunoassay and polyclonal antibody interacting with IgG, IgA and IgM was used to screen urine samples. Compared with 15 normal, age-matched, healthy subjects, urinary Ig levels were elevated in 10 of 30 (33%) patients with AD prostate cancer and in 24 of 43 (56%) patients with AI prostate cancer. In the latter group, five of seven (71%) patients with prostatic SCC had elevated urinary Igs. Further analysis of ten urine samples containing increased urinary Ig levels, using antibodies specific for each heavy chain (gamma, alpha and mu) as well as each light chain (kappa and lambda), indicated that patients with a high or moderate elevation in Ig levels had polyclonal gammopathy, whereas those with a low increase in urinary Igs had monoclonal gammopathy of the IgG class. These results indicate, for the first time, a high frequency of an abnormal increase in Ig levels in patients with advanced prostatic carcinoma.
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PMID:Gammopathy associated with advanced prostate carcinoma. 748 45

Monoclonal autoantibodies were obtained from Lewis rats with active Heymann nephritis. Two cloned rat/mouse hybridomas, 3D9B and 5B8C, that secreted rat IgG2a autoantibodies were selected for their ability to react with gp330 in ELISA and propagated further. Their specificity was confirmed by immunoprecipitation of crude antigens from a yolk sac carcinoma cell line expressing gp330. The size of the precipitated molecule was identical to that immunoprecipitated by previously described anti-gp330 antibodies. Indirect immuno-electron microscopy showed that 3D9B exclusively stained the intermicrovillous areas of the tubular brush border membrane, while 5B8C stained the full tubular microvillous membrane and the glomerular epithelial coated pits. Passive transfer of 3D9B did not induce Ig deposits or functional renal damage within 7 days. However, injection of 5B8C caused granular glomerular deposits within 1 h, subepithelial immune aggregates within 6 days and antibody deposition on the brush border within 7 days. Only ascites production of clone 5B8C in rats, but not in mice, caused subepithelial immune deposits and abnormal proteinuria. This study shows that a single monoclonal autoantibody to gp330 is able to induce a mild form of Heymann nephritis.
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PMID:Glomerulopathy induced by a single monoclonal autoantibody against GP330. 762 90

The immunoconjugate XMMCO-791/RTA consists of ricin A chain bound to a murine monoclonal antibody MoAb 791T. This monoclonal antibody (MoAb) binds to a glycoprotein of 72 kD, which is expressed on human colorectal carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, and osteogenic sarcoma. XMMCO-791/RTA was tested in a Phase I trial with proposed dose escalation steps of 0.02, 0.04, 0.15, and 0.2 mg/kg per day. Twelve patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma were treated at 0.02, 0.03, and 0.04 mg/kg per day dose levels administered over 1 hour on days 1-5. Study-related toxicities were hypotension (6 patients); greater than 10% weight gain (6 patients); peripheral edema (9 patients); fever (4 patients); confusion (3 patients); diarrhea (3 patients); proteinuria, as identified by dipstick (3 patients), greater than 0.6 mg/dl decrease in serum albumin (11 patients); greater than 25% decrease in oncotic pressure (10 patients), and a decrease in ionized calcium (8 patients). Six patients received a second course of treatment. HAMA levels developed in 9 patients and titers increased with number of courses administered. Decreased overall toxicity, in comparison to the first course, was noted, but one patient had an allergic-type response (hypotension, crushing chest pain, diaphoresis) after the test dose of the second course (HAMA level > 10,000 IgG). Life-threatening toxicity in the form of fluid shift, resulting in noncardiac pulmonary edema and third-spacing occurred after course 1 in 1 of 3 patients at the 0.04 mg/kg per day level. No further dose escalation was attempted and no antitumor activity was seen.
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PMID:Phase I study of monoclonal antibody-ricin A chain immunoconjugate Xomazyme-791 in patients with metastatic colon cancer. 762 72

Idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is an infrequent renal biopsy diagnosis in the elderly. In our single-centre referral registry there were only 17 cases seen in 822 biopsies performed in patients aged 60 or over giving an incidence of 2%. These seventeen patients ranged from age 61 to 78 at the time of biopsy and were followed a median period of 29.5 months. The incidence of nephrotic syndrome at baseline was similar to younger adults (70.5%), but both hypertension (71%) and renal insufficiency (53%) were higher. Fifty-three percent (9/17) of the patients were treated with either steroids or a combination of steroids and cytotoxic therapy. A complete remission in proteinuria was observed in 44% of the treated patients versus none in the untreated patients. No relapses were seen in those that had a complete remission. As well, none of the patients with a complete remission, versus 9/14 (63%) of the untreated or non-responsive patients progressed to renal failure during the observation period. One patient who was treated with cytotoxic therapy and steroids subsequently died of a pancreatic carcinoma. Idiopathic FSGS is an infrequent glomerulopathy in the elderly but it is important given its malignant natural history. Alternate day prednisone for up to 6 months may be a reasonable approach since a complete remission in proteinuria was seen in 44% of our treated patients and this response was closely linked to a good long-term prognosis. The risks of therapy however must be carefully weighed against the potential benefit in each case because of the advanced age of these patients.
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PMID:Steroid therapy and prognosis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in the elderly. 792 61

We report the case of a 36 year old woman who presented a renal cell carcinoma, associated to a membranous nephropathy as a paraneoplastic syndrome. The concomitant association with a splenic hamartoma was probably fortuitous. Five years after nephrectomy, the patient was asymptomatic and her proteinuria was very low. We studied in the literature 93 cases which reported a such association between cancer, nephrotic syndrome and membranous nephropathy. Carcinoma of the lung and adenocarcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract are the most frequently implicated. This association can occur at every age and more often in men (75%) than in women. The survival is directly linked to the evolution of the cancer. Proteinuria and membranous nephropathy can totally disappear after surgical resection of the carcinoma. The glomerular injury is mediated by immune complexes composed at least in part of tumour associated antigens. The development of several types of glomerular injury in patients with carcinoma have been described but membranous glomerulonephritis is the most commonly observed.
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PMID:[Triple association: extramembranous glomerulonephritis, renal adenocarcinoma and splenic hamartoma. Apropos of a case]. 793 71

The simple renal cyst (SRC) is a common entity even though its actual incidence is difficult to determine given that it tends to manifest itself in an asymptomatic fashion. Occasionally, cases of SRC with clinical manifestations have been described in the literature, such as arterial hypertension (AHT) and biological alterations such as hematuria or proteinuria. The purpose of this article is to find the prevalence of AHT, proteinuria, and hematuria in patients with SRC detected via echography. 1,197 echographs that explored the renal area--a number equal to that of the number of patients--were reviewed. In 66% of the cases, the echographs were taken for some purpose unrelated to renal pathology. For those who presented SRC, blood pressure, proteinuria per 24 hours, and urine sediment were determined. SRC was detected in 93 patients (7.7%). The prevalence of AHT in patients with SRC was 31%, but 57% of those were older than 85 years. Two patients presented AHT and proteinuria; both fulfilled the criteria for nephrongiosclerosis. Two other patients presented hematuria and proteinuria; one was found to be afflicted with IgA nephropathy and the other with vesical carcinoma. A patient with hematuria was a carrier of renal lithiasis. We conclude that the prevalence of AHT in patients with SRC did not yield a significantly different result from that of the general population. In those patients who presented proteinuria and/or hematuria, one cause was found to be responsible; therefore, the presence of such alterations in patients with SRC should be considered coincidental.
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PMID:[Prevalence of arterial hypertension, proteinuria and hematuria in patients with simple renal cyst]. 829 Jul 56


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