Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is an adrenal steroid that previously has been shown to produce antiobesity, antidiabetic, cancer preventive, and antiautoimmune effects in laboratory rodents. DHEA, when administered in the diet to male Sprague-Dawley rats beginning at 2 months of age, inhibited the development of proteinuria at 19 months. The nontreated rats excreted 6.5 times as much urinary protein as the group treated with DHEA. Part of the effect of DHEA is apparently a result of reduced food intake in the treated rats (14% reduction), but this alone could not account for its action as a pair-fed group excreted significantly more urinary protein than the DHEA treated rats (2.3 times as much). A similar inhibition of proteinuria in 17-month-old male C57BL/6 mice was produced by DHEA treatment initiated at 10 months of age (5.8 times as much urinary protein excreted by non-DHEA treated mice). DHEA treatment reduced food intake by 11% in the C57BL/6 mice. This reduction in food intake had no apparent effect on proteinuria since a pair-fed group was found to excrete 6.5 times the amount of urinary protein as the DHEA-treated mice.
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PMID:Inhibition of proteinuria development in aging Sprague-Dawley rats and C57BL/6 mice by long-term treatment with dehydroepiandrosterone. 294 74

Urinary trypsin inhibitory capacity is mainly due to the excretion of a glycoprotein which is immunologically related to the inter alpha-trypsin inhibitor and may be a proteolytic degradation product of that substance. It was tested in 133 subjects divided into 7 groups: 24 healthy controls (group A), 21 patients with bacterial infection (group B), 37 with bacterial infection under antibiotic therapy (group C), 25 with connective tissue disease (group D), 8 with infected connective tissue disease (group E), 14 with cancer (group F) and 4 with infected cancer (group G). Urinary trypsin inhibitory capacity level was very low in controls (3.32 +/- 0.8 U/g urinary creatinine), but it was dramatically increased when infection was present (149.67 +/- 23.6 U/g urinary creatinine). This test appeared to be more effective than serum C-protein measurement simultaneous carried out in the same patients. Urinary trypsin inhibitory capacity is not related to the degree of proteinuria in the urine sample, but it is increased in patients with chronic renal failure excluded from this study. Thus, its measurement is a sensitive, easy and useful test for detecting and monitoring infections. The return to its physiological value is a very good argument in favour of therapeutic effectiveness.
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PMID:[Clinical value of the determination of urinary antitrypsin activity]. 296 52

The sporadic concurrence of male pseudohermaphroditism and chronic glomerulopathy is associated with an extremely high risk of Wilms tumor. We report our experience with an infant who developed this triad (Drash syndrome) and review the 21 patients described in the literature, to emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and to suggest guidelines for management. The dysgenetic gonads are always intra-abdominal and carry a 20% to 30% risk for malignancy. The external genitalia are frequently ambiguous (77%); some children are phenotypically normal females. The glomerulopathy typically leads to end-stage renal failure in infancy; the subsequent death rate has, to date, been 68%. The clinical presentation of renal disease is variable and includes congenital nephrotic syndrome (14%) and infantile nephrotic syndrome (41%); 27% of patients develop proteinuria and renal insufficiency between the ages of 1 and 3 years. The high risk of Wilms tumor (55% in this review) mandates regular tumor surveillance, and prophylactic bilateral nephrectomy and gonadectomy once irreversible renal failure develops.
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PMID:Pseudohermaphroditism, glomerulopathy, and Wilms tumor (Drash syndrome): frequency in end-stage renal failure. 298 95

Solitary osseous myeloma is an uncommon malignancy of bone which is distinguished from multiple myeloma by being localized and without associated monoclonal gammopathy or Bence-Jones proteinuria. This disease may present with a progressive symmetrical sensorimotor neuropathy. A recent case of localized myeloma with polyneuropathy is presented along with a review of the literature pertinent to orthopedic surgeons.
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PMID:Solitary osseous myeloma with polyneuropathy. Case report and review of the literature. 301 95

A nephrology consultation was called on 100 adult patients of 1,635 (6.1%) patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection seen between 1982 and 1987 at the University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Medical Center. Renal disease was observed in all groups of patients with a risk factor for HIV infection with a lesser incidence, however, among homosexuals. Intravenous drug (IVD) use and possibly race appear to be important factors in the development of renal complications. Renal disease was the dominant clinical feature in eight asymptomatic HIV carriers and in 34 patients with AIDS-related complex (ARC) who had not developed the opportunistic infections and/or malignancies associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Ninety-one percent of consultations were requested for evaluation of proteinuria and/or renal failure. Nephrotic range proteinuria, in excess of 3 g/24 h, was present in 52 patients, and was less prevalent in homosexuals than in other groups at risk. Renal failure (serum creatinine greater than or equal to 5 mg/dL), initially present in 32 patients, eventually developed in 69 and improved in only 18 of them. A renal biopsy, obtained for work-up of nephrotic syndrome (22 patients) or renal insufficiency (3 patients), uncovered a picture of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis in all 25 instances. Overall, 76 patients are dead, seven are lost to follow-up, and 17 are alive, of whom eight (four HIV carriers, two patients with ARC, and two with AIDS) are on maintenance hemodialysis with a mean survival time of 217 days.
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PMID:The clinical spectrum of renal disease associated with human immunodeficiency virus. 304

A case is presented of a 19-year-old man suffering from focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis with terminal chronic renal failure to whom a kidney taken from his mother was transplanted. There was high blood-group and tissue compatibility between mother and son. The initial result was good, the transplanted kidney functioned well-diuresis of 3300 ml with high proteinuria. Gradually the diuresis fell to 100-200 ml. From the 29th day following the transplantation pulse urbason therapy was applied for 3 days but without effect. This led to the resumption of hemodialysis and removal of the transplanted kidney. The microscopic examination of the kidney revealed massive focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis which had led to terminal chronic renal failure. The rapid severe relapse of the disease in the transplanted kidney is explained with the malignancy of the disease and the very high compatibility between donor and recipient. It is recommended that renal transplantation in patients with focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis should not be performed with a kidney taken from a parent.
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PMID:[An acute recurrence of focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis in a kidney transplanted from mother to son with a rapid decline in kidney function]. 304 46

Recombinant human gamma interferon (Biogen) and vinblastine were administered in a phase I study. Side effects included fever and chills, nausea and vomiting, acute symptomatic hyponatremia, reversible myelosuppression, hepatitis, transient hypotension, congestive heart failure, renal insufficiency, and nonselective proteinuria. In most patients, additional host factors contributed to these toxic effects. Side effects occurred despite dose reduction; therefore, protocol accrual was prematurely closed. No correlation between serum concentrations and toxicity was noted. Median serum vinblastine concentration was 1.04 ng/ml; median serum interferon concentration was 17.3 IU/ml.
Cancer Treat Rep 1986 Sep
PMID:Hyponatremia and other toxic effects during a phase I trial of recombinant human gamma interferon and vinblastine. 309 Dec 46

Eighteen patients with solid tumours were treated with human recombinant interferon-gamma at escalating dose levels starting at 1 X 10(6) units/m2 per infusion and rising through 3 X 10(6), 6 X 10(6), 9 X 10(6) and 22 X 10(6) to a maximum of 110 X 10(6) units/m2 per infusion. The IV infusions were given three times a week over a 4-week period. Side effects were seen in all patients, but were mild except at the highest dose. Acute dose-related effects included pyrexia, tiredness, thirst, chills and rigors. Chronic dose-related effects included anorexia, lethargy, weakness, disorientation, a trace of proteinuria and minimal rises in liver enzymes. In addition, effects were observed which were not related to dose. These included headache, nausea and vomiting, backache, myalgia, flatulence and a mild, transient reduction in neutrophils and erythrocytes. At the highest dose level dose-limiting toxicity was observed, consisting in severe tiredness and anorexia, hypotension, disorientation and changes on the electrocardiograph. Overall, toxicity was similar to that seen with preparations of interferon-alpha, except that no tolerance to the effects of interferon-gamma was noted. We observed less hepatic and haematological toxicity, but also recorded flatulence, handcramps and electrocardiograph changes, which have not been reported with interferon-alpha. When given according to this regimen, doses of 22 X 10(6) units/m2 per infusion of recombinant interferon-gamma were generally well tolerated by the patients.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1986
PMID:A toxicity study of recombinant interferon-gamma given by intravenous infusion to patients with advanced cancer. 309 8

Two patients, one with myeloma (Patient 1) and the other with probable chronic lymphocytic leukemia (Patient 2), had reduced renal tubular phosphate reabsorption in the absence of hyperparathyroidism together with other features of the Fanconi syndrome, as consequences of the nephropathy associated with light-chain proteinuria. Both patients had hypophosphatemic osteomalacia, demonstrated for the first time in this condition by iliac bone histomorphometry after in vivo double tetracycline labeling, despite absence of bone pain or Looser zones. Neither patient was vitamin D-depleted, but plasma calcitriol level was normal in Patient 1 and low in Patient 2; only the latter patient had severe muscle weakness. Complete histologic correction of osteomalacia was achieved by treatment in accordance with the biochemical defects--oral phosphate therapy alone in Patient 1 and combined with calcitriol in Patient 2. Both patients are now symptom-free, five and three years after the initial diagnosis of bone disease and hematogenous malignancy. Thirteen previous instances of the same form of osteomalacia were reviewed; in most cases, the Fanconi syndrome developed before its probable cause became apparent. The Fanconi syndrome has also been reported in two cases of osteomalacia due to mesenchymal tumor, but not in osteomalacia associated with prostatic carcinoma. Light-chain nephropathy and consequent renal tubular dysfunction appears to be a third form of oncogenous osteomalacia.
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PMID:Hypophosphatemic osteomalacia and adult Fanconi syndrome due to light-chain nephropathy. Another form of oncogenous osteomalacia. 310 97

Protein was found significantly more frequently in single urine samples from 504 patients with malignancy (290; 58%) than in 529 controls (119; 22%) (p less than 0.01). Median protein concentration was greater (p less than 0.001) in patients with neoplasia (0.14 g/l) than in controls (0.07 g/l). Actuarial analysis showed a median survival of 4.5 months in patients with proteinuria compared with 10 months in those without (p less than 0.001). The association between proteinuria and shorter survival was statistically significant for patients with gut tumours, lung tumours, and tumours at other sites analysed as a group. Patients with myeloma or urinary tract tumours were not studied. In many patients with malignancy the presence of proteinuria may be associated with a substantially reduced survival time.
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PMID:Prevalence, concentration, and prognostic importance of proteinuria in patients with malignancies. 313 55


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