Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033687 (proteinuria)
 24,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Galectins regulate cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, signal transduction, mRNA splicing, and interactions with the extracellular matrix. Here we focus on the galectins in the reproductive system, particularly on a group of six galectins that first appears in anthropoid primates in conjunction with the evolution of highly invasive placentation and long gestation. Of these six, placental protein 13 (PP13, galectin 13) interacts with glycoproteins and glycolipids to enable successful pregnancy. PP13 is related to the development of a major obstetric syndrome, preeclampsia, a life-threatening complication of pregnancy which affects ten million pregnant women globally. Preeclampsia is characterized by hypertension, proteinuria, and organ failure, and is often accompanied by fetal loss and major newborn disabilities. PP13 facilitates the expansion of uterine arteries and veins during pregnancy in an endothelial cell-dependent manner, via the eNOS and prostaglandin signaling pathways. PP13 acts through its carbohydrate recognition domain that binds to sugar residues of extracellular and connective tissue molecules, thus inducing structural stabilization of vessel expansion. Further, decidual PP13 aggregates may serve as a decoy that induces white blood cell apoptosis, contributing to the mother's immune tolerance to pregnancy. Lower first trimester PP13 level is one of the biomarkers to predict the subsequent risk to develop preeclampsia, while its molecular mutations/polymorphisms that are associated with reduced PP13 expression are accompanied by higher rates of preeclampsia We propose a targeted PP13 replenishing therapy to fight preeclampsia in carriers of these mutations.
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PMID:Galectin 13 (PP13) Facilitates Remodeling and Structural Stabilization of Maternal Vessels during Pregnancy. 3126 64

Objective: Preeclampsia (PE) is a multi-systemic complication of pregnancy often characterised with the onset of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. Today, PE is the leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. An early detection of PE would allow a chance to plan the appropriate monitoring and for clinical management to be immediately done following early detection thus making prophylactic strategies much more effective. Materials and methods: This systematic review aims to evaluate the potential of the various serum biomarkers and diagnostic modalities (uterine artery Doppler, MAP, and maternal history) available for early prediction of PE with articles included and obtained through MEDLINE Full Text, Pubmed, Science Direct, ProQuest, SAGE, Taylor and Francis Online, Google Scholar, HighWire and Elsevier ClinicalKey. Results: Ninety-five articles were found that fulfilled all of our inclusion criteria. Placental growth factor (PlGF), pregnancy associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase (sFLT) and placental protein 13 (PP-13) were the most commonly studied biomarkers. Whereas uterine Doppler scanning and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) were the most commonly studied out of other modalities. Conclusion: Current evidence shows serum biomarkers such as PIGF, PP-13 and sFlt yielded the best results for a single biomarker with others having conflicting results. However, a combination model with other diagnostic modalities performed better than a single biomarker. In the future, new techniques will hopefully provide sets of multiple markers, which will lead to a screening program with clinically relevant performance. However further studies are required to improve current methods.
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PMID:Evaluation of Serum Biomarkers and Other Diagnostic Modalities for Early Diagnosis of Preeclampsia. 3198 41