Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The popularity of water sports in Western Australia results in a high demand for surgery for meatal exostoses when compared to Europe or North America, and such procedures for advanced exostoses present a technical challenge. We report on a decade of experience in exostosis and osteoma surgery consisting of 127 procedures on 102 patients. Exostectomy was an access manoeuvre for other otological procedures in 13 cases and five procedures were for regrowth of exostoses. Minor complications were seen after 22 per cent of operations. Major complications were experienced after five per cent for example canal stenosis, temporomandibular joint prolapse, sensorineural loss, persistent deep bony lip and persistent tympanic membrane perforation. There were no facial palsies. Exostosis surgery should be reserved for failed conservative treatment and attention focused on adequate access, meatal skin preservation and tympanic membrane protection. An approach which concentrates on safe anterior landmarks and wide exposure is recommended to avoid serious complications.
 ...
PMID:Surgery for external auditory canal exostoses and osteomata. 816 8

The effect of perinatal lead exposure (at 300 and 1000 ppm in the maternal drinking water from conception to postnatal day 14) on the opioid withdrawal syndrome in adult offspring has been studied to assess if lead produces long term disruption of opioid systems manifested as altered morphine dependence. Dependence was induced in 50 day old rats by administration of morphine in osmotic mini-pumps implanted subcutaneously and delivering 5, 15 or 40 mg/kg/day. At postnatal day 55 an opioid withdrawal syndrome was precipitated by administration of naloxone (4 mg/kg i.p) and withdrawal behaviour scored over the next 30 min. Both objective (jumping, weight loss, weight of excreta, wet dog shakes, mouthing and face washing) and subjective (teeth chatter, ptosis, diarrhoea, irritability) measures were scored. 60 min after naloxone animals were killed and plasma corticosterone measured as a biochemical index of withdrawal. Morphine withdrawal scores and plasma corticosterone exhibited a clear dose relationship and there were no significant differences between 0 and 300 ppm lead-exposed groups. However withdrawal scores in 1000 ppm lead-exposed animals were lower in 15 and 40 mg/kg morphine treated rats, predominantly associated with lower weight loss, wet dog shakes and mouthing responses. Paradoxically corticosterone levels were elevated in the 40 mg/kg morphine dose group. The results support other evidence that perinatal lead exposure can induce disruption in opioid functioning which persists to adulthood and suggest a possible link between lead and opioid addiction.
 ...
PMID:Effect of perinatal lead treatment on morphine dependence in the adult rat. 824 87

Luxation of the epiglottic cartilage is a very uncommon complication of endotracheal intubation in paediatric anaesthesia. We report on a case of prolapse of the epiglottic cartilage into the trachea in a 4-month-old child who had been anaesthetized for palliative banding of the pulmonary artery and correction of a coarctation of the aorta. Further malformations included a single ventricle combined with an ASD II and VSD. The first intubation (ID 3.5 mm) via the nasopharyngeal route seemed not to involve any problems; breathing pressure, however, increased to 25 cm H2O. Direct laryngoscopy after extubation of the smaller tube and insertion of another one (ID 4.0 mm) demonstrated a completely blocked trachea. The epiglottidean cartilage had prolapsed into the tracheal lumen and excluded any possibility of ventilating the patient. After seizing the epiglottic cartilage with a Magill forceps it was possible to pull the cartilage out of the trachea and to intubate again with the 4.0 mm tube. There were no complications in the postoperative period.
 ...
PMID:[A difficult intubation: prolapse of the epiglottis into the trachea in an infant]. 834 49

Haemorrhoids or piles are varicosities in the anal canal caused by local pressure. Sometimes they prolapse. Symptoms may include itching, discomfort, pain and bleeding. Haemorrhoids are common in pregnancy. Constipation aggravates piles, so a healthy diet with plenty of water and fibre is advisable. Some sufferers need an appropriate laxative as well. Cleanliness of the anal area is important. Proprietary moist toilet tissues are sold for this purpose and can be soothing and helpful. Relief of symptoms is by haemorrhoid creams, ointments and suppositories. Active ingredients typically include antiseptics, anti-inflammatories, anti-pruritics and local anaesthetics. Many are available from pharmacies without a prescription. If in doubt, always refer the patient to a doctor. For example, rectal bleeding may be due to some more serious condition, or pruritus to anal thrush. In the case of children the advice of a doctor should be sought.
 ...
PMID:Remedies for common family ailments: 9. Haemorrhoids. 868 Feb 38

Developed for the study of dialysis in the continent jejunal reservoir (CJR), a novel, uncomplicated approach to achieve continence in construction of a small-bowel reservoir is presented. We utilize a technique of constructing a continent nipple valve, which entails the reduction or tapering of the intussusceptum prior to invagination into the reservoir. We have thus far performed the procedure successfully in 21 dogs. All animals have achieved absolute continence. Complications have occurred in two animals, neither complication involving the nipple valve. Pressure-volume cytometry in nine animals demonstrates continence in the awake animal at pressures of up to 40 cm H2O (volumes being limited by animal discomfort due to reservoir distention). In postmortem studies, reservoir capacities of > 1000 ml and pressures of > 70 cm H2O have been attained without loss of continence or prolapse of the nipple valve. Continence is sustained even when the reservoir and nipple valve are subjected to high intraluminal pressures. Incorporating a tapered intussusceptum, the continent reservoir provides absolute continence without the use of cumbersome mesh fixation or lithotropic intraluminal staples.
 ...
PMID:Continent small-intestine reservoir construction: a tapered intussusceptum promotes sustained continence. 898 38

Our objective was to determine the effect of cough strength on pressure transmission ratios and establish quantitative and qualitative intra-observer test-retest reproducibility of pressure transmission ratios calculated from dynamic urethral pressure profilometry. The study included 242 consecutive urodynamic evaluations on women without pelvic organ prolapse. Dynamic urethral pressure profiles were performed in duplicate with coughs of different intensities. The analysis included pressure transmission ratios from the proximal 3 urethral quartiles (Q1 through Q3) and the mean pressure transmission ratio calculated from these quartiles. The final diagnoses were stratified into genuine stress incontinence, 135 (56%), and stress continence, 107 (44%). Correlations were strong for pressure transmission ratios from the first versus the second dynamic urethral pressure profile (K = 0.712 for mean). While the variation in cough intensity between hard and soft coughs averaged 30 cm H2O (P < 0.001), correlation's were equally strong between hard and soft cough pressure transmission ratios (K = 0.712 for mean). When mean pressure transmission ratios were stratified into below 90% and at least 90% categories, 83.5% of subjects had test-retest concordance (K = 0.671). Concordance rates were less for stress continent subjects (80.0%; K = 0.527) than for genuine stress incontinence subjects (86.4%; K = 0.679). Pressure transmission ratios appear to have reasonable quantitative and qualitative reproducibility which is unaffected by cough strength. The degree of individual variability limits the utility of pressure transmission ratios to diagnose genuine stress incontinence independent of other, equally variable clinical and urodynamic parameters, but this measure is sufficiently reproducible to be useful in characterizing stress sphincteric function in population studies.
 ...
PMID:Pressure transmission ratio reproducibility in stress continent and stress incontinent women. 913 38

Although there are many surgical procedures available to treat urinary incontinence, obtaining the best results depends on a thorough preoperative evaluation of the patient. Traditional urodynamic evaluation of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) focusing on maximum urethral closing pressures has been found to be less useful than the abdominal leak point pressure (ALPP) test in detecting intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD). An ALPP less than or equal to 60cm H2O indicates a significant degree of ISD, whereas a leak point pressure greater than or equal to 90cm H2O is usually associated with pure urethral hypermobility. When combined with the history, physical examination, and a filling cystometrogram, the additional objective data obtained from ALPP permit an accurate classification of the stress incontinence and are useful to the clinician in choosing the most appropriate treatment. Anterior colporrhaphy is still commonly used by gynecologists to treat SUI, but the narrow indications (type I SUI only) and poor long-term results have decreased its popularity. It is a poor choice for treating SUI related to urethral hypermobility. Retropubic urethropexy is the treatment standard for SUI procedures against which all other procedures have been compared. Five-year cure rates are in the range of 80% to 90%. Other procedures for treating SUI related to urethral hypermobility include laparoscopic bladder neck suspension, abdominal paravaginal repair, and needle bladder neck suspension. Surgical treatment for ISD differs from that for urethral hypermobility and includes pubovaginal sling procedures, injectable agents, and insertion of the artificial urinary sphincter. Concurrent pelvic prolapse conditions should be treated simultaneously and may dictate the surgical approach. When the proper procedure is utilized, good long-term results can be expected.
 ...
PMID:Selecting the Best Surgical Option for Stress Urinary Incontinence. 974 41

Over a 3 yr period we performed colostomies in 13 paediatric perineal burn patients out of a total of 1544 patients admitted to our Burns Unit during that period. The mean total body surface area (TBSA) burn was 34% (14-65%); ten patients sustained fire burns and the remaining three hot water burns. We performed prophylactic colostomies in seven children, therapeutic colostomies (to counteract deep wound infection and septicaemia with gut-derived organisms) in five patients and one colostomy in a cerebral palsy child with a left hemiparesis. A sigmoid end-colostomy with Hartmann's closure of the distal segment was the preferred method of choice. In all children but one (died from multi-organ failure 13 days after admission) there was a marked improvement in the clinical appearance of the burn wounds and subsequent graft-take and healing. There was a change in the bacterial profile away from predominantly gut-derived Gram negative organisms to either Pseudomonas aeruginosa or no pathological organisms grown. Complications were few--two children suffered prolapse of their colostomy requiring manual reduction. We advocate diverting colostomies in a highly select group of paediatric burn patients in whom continual faecal soiling is threatening to both graft and life.
 ...
PMID:The use of diverting colostomies in paediatric peri-anal burns. 1056 92

This study sought to test whether anomalous cardiac and aortic structures can be differentiated from native tissue and artifacts by physical properties of tissue motion using transesophageal tissue Doppler echocardiography (TDE). TDE was employed in 85 consecutive patients after anomalous structures had been detected by conventional transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The control group consisted of 40 randomized patients. Certainty of diagnosis was divided into 4 categories, and TDE signals were related to particular anomalous structures by a blinded second observer. A mechanical model of a beating ventricle was constructed and suspended in a water bath. Synthetic material was utilized to simulate anomalous intracavitary structures with varying shape, consistency, and attachment. Incoherent motion was present in endocarditic vegetations, freely oscillating thrombi, fourth-degree aortic plaques, Chiari network, valvular prolapse, tumors, and in normal valve leaflets and papillary muscles. Within 15 seconds vegetations could be detected in 17 patients (68%) using TDE versus 5 patients (20%) using only conventional imaging. Coherent motion with a phase difference occurred due to damped oscillation. This phenomenon occurred in 5 patients with thrombi of the left atrial appendage (100%), in 3 ventricular clots (75%), and in 2 hypernephroma in the right atrium (100%). Rapid identification of clots could be achieved in 15 patients (71%) versus 12 patients (57%). Concordant motion was shown in third-degree aortic plaques, postrheumatic valvular lesions, and aortic intramural hematomas, but diagnostic benefit could not be demonstrated. In 41 patients (48%) histopathologic and intraoperative results confirmed echocardiographic findings. Motion patterns could be reproduced independently of the heart rate by model experiments. This study demonstrates that TDE expedites the detection of vegetations in infective endocarditis. Diagnostic certainty can be increased as well for thrombus formations.
 ...
PMID:Usefulness of motion patterns indentified by tissue Doppler echocardiography for diagnosing various cardiac masses, particularly valvular vegetations. 1060 17

We report a case of optic glioma with bilateral optic atrophy. A 3-year-old girl presented with vomiting and left hemiparesis. She had hypothalamic dysfunction, right ptosis, right monocular nystagmus, left facial palsy, left hemiparesis, and left pes adductus. Neuroimaging studies showed obstructive hydrocephalus with a large suprasellar calcified tumor with a ring-like enhancement mimicking craniopharyngioma. Visual-evoked potentials showed delayed latency of N75 in the right occipital lead. The tumor, a pilocytic astrocytoma in the right optic tract and chiasma, was partially removed via a right frontotemporal craniotomy. The right optic nerve had shrunk to half the normal diameter and became twisted downwardly. Intracranial pressure (ICP) increased to 40 cm H2O. The fundus had bilateral optic atrophy without disc swelling. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a lamina/dot sign of the optic disc in a small child with a brain tumor and a normal neuroretinal fiber layer. These ocular findings may result from possible interruption of the axonal flow caused by the tumor and not increased ICP.
 ...
PMID:Optic glioma with characteristic bilateral optic atrophy in a 3-year-old girl. 1070 32


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>