Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pharmacological effects of ritodrine hydrochloride (ritodrine), a beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist, were investigated in comparison with that of isoxsuprine hydrochloride (isoxsuprine) on the motor nervous system and the central nervous system. Ritodrine (1-30 mg/kg, i.v.) suppressed spontaneous movements in mice, rats and dogs. The animals became slightly sedative and immobile. Ritodrine caused an increase of water intake and vomitting in dogs. These fingings were recovered in 3-5 hr. Isoxsuprine showed similar effects on general behaviour, but the depressive action was more potent than that of ritodrine. Ritodrine slightly suppressed exploratory behaviour in high dose, but had little effect on emotional behaviour. Ritodrine had no effects on conditioned avoidance response, tremor, motor coordination, thiopental induced sleeping time and few types of convulsions. Ritodrine showed no analgetic effects or muscle relaxant actions. Isoxsuprine, in high dose, suppressed motor coordination and showed ataxia. Ritodrine slightly raised body temperature and dose-dependently suppressed hypothermia and ptosis induced by reserpine. Ritodrine (1-10 mg/kg, i.v.) caused a slight resting pattern of spontaneous EEG in rabbits. On the other hand, arousal responses evoked by auditory stimulation, photic stimulation or electrical stimulation of mesencephalic reticular formation were unaffected by ritodrine at any doses used. These results suggest that ritodrine shows little effect on the motor nervous system and central nervous system, and its effects may be nonspecific.
 ...
PMID:[Effects of ritodrine hydrochloride on motor nervous system and central nervous system]. 650 Apr 5

Thirty-one patients with sphenoid sinusitis were treated from 1978-1982. Twenty patients had infections contiguous with other paranasal sinus disease. Five of these patients had fungal sinusitis. Eleven patients were seen with isolated sphenoid sinusitis; 3 were secondary to trauma and 8 were due to nontraumatic causes. Possible etiologies include upper respiratory infections, developmental abnormalities, and water forced into the nasal cavity during swimming. The immunocompromised patient is more likely to present with minimal symptoms with a fungal infection, and aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic measures should be undertaken. Because the symptoms of headache, nasal stuffiness, proptosis, ptosis and decreased visual acuity may be interpreted as an intracranial, neurological, or vascular problem, a misdiagnosis may be made. A high index of suspicion for sphenoiditis should be maintained. Therapy involves a combination of medical (antimicrobial agent) and surgical (sinus drainage and marsupialization) management.
 ...
PMID:Infectious diseases of the sphenoid sinus. 670 Mar 47

Direct contrasting of the anterior epidural space with 9-10% verografin solution was conducted in 123 patients (120 with discogenic radiculitis, 2 with tumors, and 1 with injury to the spine). The epidural space was contrasted for a distance of 3-4 intervertebral spaces and no stimulation of the epidural structures occurred. The epidurograms demonstrated convincing information concerning the character of the protrusion and prolapse of the intervertebral discs and the existence of block of the epidural space in tumors. Phenomena of "spinal epilepsy" occurred in 5 cases, which regressed rapidly after a complex of measures was applied. Anterior epidurography with water-soluble contrast media of low concentration is an informative and safe method.
 ...
PMID:[Anterior epidurography with verographin]. 683 10

A 67-year-old man with chronic keratitis was treated with a multitude of antibiotics, corticosteroids and other medicines. Despite temporary relief, perforation with iris prolapse occurred about 4 months after the initial symptoms, and the eye had to be removed. Histological examination revealed cystic bodies in the corneal stroma which could be identified as belonging to the genus Acanthamoeba. Trophozoites were seen as well. Although these amoebae are free-living organisms, occurring almost everywhere in the water and air, corneal infections are rare and have been reported only recently. It has been suggested that Acanthamoebae may only invade the tissues in the case of mixed infections or in corneas with a reduced immunological response, e.g. after corticosteroid therapy. Conservative therapy seems to have little effect, although antibiotic/antiviral/antimycotic treatment should supplement antiamoebic therapy, considering the possibility of mixed infections. Penetrating keratoplasty was indicated in most of the reported cases and usually had a beneficial effect.
 ...
PMID:Amoebic keratitis. 721 65

Myelography with dimerix was performed and postoperative changes were studied in 88 cases after operations on the intervertebral disks in the lumbar region. The informative value of myelography in recurrence of Schmorl's body is discussed. The use of myelography with a water-soluble contrast medium is indicated in aggravation after the operation. It is not always possible to make a differential diagnosis between a recurrent prolapse of the disk and a postoperative scar formed at the site of the operation.
 ...
PMID:[Diagnostic value of dimerix myelography in postoperative patients]. 746 17

We propose a multivariate theory for the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. Turbulent flow of air in the lateral wall of the nose or viral-bacterial-host interactions produce an inflammatory change in the mucosa of the lateral wall of the nose. Ulceration and prolapse of the submucosa with reepithelialization and new gland formation may then follow. The structural cells of the nasal polyp, including epithelial cells and fibroblasts, have the ability to produce messenger RNA for granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor and other cytokines. Stimulation of such an effector capability by structural cell-derived cytokines would undoubtedly represent a major amplification pathway of the inflammatory response in nasal polyps. Allergy may be one mechanism for the development of this cascade of events. This microenvironmental structural inflammatory response in the nasal polyp, in turn, can affect the bioelectric integrity of the Na+ and Cl- channels at the luminal surface of the respiratory epithelial cell. The change in the Na+ absorption, which has been demonstrated in our studies, may result in an increased movement of water into the cell and into the interstitial fluid. The resultant edema can lead to growth and enlargement of the nasal polyp. Finally, the rapid recurrence of nasal polyps despite adequate surgery may reflect some intrinsic phenotypic characteristic of nasal epithelial cells in the lateral wall of the nose, which is likely to be under genetic control.
 ...
PMID:Role of allergy in nasal polyposis: a review. 750 84

A 2-year-old Standardbred gelding was examined because of prolapse of the third eyelid; myoclonus of the muscles of the head, neck, and forelimbs; and persistent tail swishing. The horse had a high plasma sodium concentration but was not drinking water. The hypernatremia could not be corrected by means of IV administration of fluids, and the horse became worse and, 6 days later, died. At necropsy, a tumor was found to be compressing the neurohypophysis and the area in the brain in which the thirst centers are believed to be located. It is believed that hypernatremia in this horse was a result of altered thirst.
 ...
PMID:Ependymoma of the neurohypophysis and hypernatremia in a horse. 765 73

The aim of this study was to attempt to gain insight in to the pathophysiologic characteristics of rectal prolapse by evaluating rectal compliance in patients with complete or incomplete rectal prolapse, before and after rectopexy. 21 subjects with complete rectal prolapse and 10 subjects with internal procidentia of rectum were treated with one of two abdominal rectopexies, according to Wells or according to a modified Ripstein's technique. For comparison, measurements were also carried out in 17 age and sex control subjects who had no bowel disturbances or anal symptoms. On distension with 40 cm H2O rectal volume amounted to 218 (175-255) ml for controls, 225 (178-256) ml for complete prolapses and 200 (125-225) ml for invaginations. Compliance amounted respectively to 9.5 (5-11,4), 8.5 (5-12,6), 7.5 (4-10,6) ml/cm H2O in the pressure interval 0-10 cm H2O with a decrease in compliance at higher pressure intervals. There was no correlation between rectal volume and compliance and gas or faecal incontinence, evacuation difficulties, feeling of blockade upon defecation and constipation. The effect of rectopexy has been separately evaluated according to the diagnosis. In complete prolapse significant changes of rectal capacity were observed for lower distending pressures (from 10 to 30), but not for higher (40-50). The compliance was significantly different for even lower distending pressures (0-10 cm H2O). In internal rectal procidentia rectopexy did not significantly changed capacity compliance. This work confirms the observations that the rectal compliance in rectal prolapse, complete and incomplete, do not differ from healthy controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Variations in rectal capacity and compliance after abdominal rectopexy]. 792 92

The use of sedation and monitoring in gastrointestinal endoscopy is still open for debate. In The Netherlands, generally, no systemic sedation is used for relatively simple procedures like diagnostic upper GI endoscopy and sigmoidoscopy. In most centres, for more time-consuming and burdensome endoscopies like colonoscopy, ERCP, sclerotherapy and therapeutic procedures, some form of sedation is applied. In a survey among a number of University Hospitals in The Netherlands it was shown that the sedatives mostly used are midazolam and diazepam. In more complex endoscopies these sedatives are often combined with narcotics like pethidine, morphine, fentanyl or thalamonal. Equipment to monitor the effect of these compounds on respiratory or cardiovascular function is not routinely available. However, there is a tendency towards the use of monitoring equipment and more specific to the use of pulse oximetry. Endpoints of conscious sedation are anxiolysis, amnesia and cooperation; it should not lead to ptosis, dysarthria and drowsiness. Features of drugs for conscious sedation should include these aforementioned points as well as a defined dose-effect relationship and a broad therapeutic window. Furthermore, they should be water soluble and give rapid recovery. Signs of oversedation are hypotension, bradycardia and respiratory depression. Competitive antagonists to the receptor, like flumazenil, can reverse overdosage of benzodiazepine sedatives. The sedative of choice at this moment is midazolam. When a benzodiazepine is combined with a narcotic, the narcotic should be given first and the dosage of the sedative adjusted.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Sedation and monitoring in gastrointestinal endoscopy. 801 67

A cerebral injury was induced by the bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and recirculation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Employing this ischemia-recirculation rat model, the effects of beraprost sodium (beraprost) on (1) lipid peroxide formation, (2) the increase in the brain water content and (3) neurological signs were examined. In a dosage of 25 micrograms kg-1 or higher, beraprost, administered orally, significantly inhibited the formation of lipid peroxides in the brain and serum induced by cerebral ischemia and subsequent recirculation in a dose-dependent manner. Beraprost also alleviated ptosis and markedly inhibited abnormal running behaviour caused by the ischemia and subsequent recirculation. In addition, although administration of beraprost did not cause marked inhibition of the increase in the brain water content (used as an index of cerebral oedema) during the first 3 h after recirculation, it restored the normal brain water content within 24 h after recirculation. Therefore, this effect was observed evidently later than the effect of inhibition of lipid peroxide formation. Moreover, administration of beraprost resulted in improvement in the symptoms accompanying the ischemic treatment. These results suggest that beraprost is potentially useful for or treatment of the pathological state accompanying cerebral infarction.
 ...
PMID:Inhibitory effect of beraprost sodium on formation of lipid peroxides in ischemia and recirculation-induced cerebral injury. 810 15


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>