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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare thin-section magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and high-resolution computed tomography (CT) in patients with suspected pituitary adenomas. Twenty-two patients (19 women and three men) with hyperprolactinemia (N = 16), increased growth hormone secretion (N = 2), increased corticotropin secretion (N = 1), and nonsecreting adenomas (N = 3) were studied with both contrast-enhanced, high-resolution CT scanning and thin-section MRI. Contrast-enhanced examinations consisted of contiguous 1.5-mm coronal sections during contrast infusion. The MRI examinations consisted of spin-echo T1- and T2-weighted sequences with a 2.5-3.0-mm slice thickness on the coronal and sagittal planes. Fourteen women had similar findings on CT and MRI (four macroadenomas, six microadenomas, one wide stalk, two empty sellas, and one normal study). The remaining eight subjects had conflicting results: CT findings were compatible with a microadenoma in all eight patients, whereas MRI detected one enlarged pituitary, two empty sellas (one with prolapse of the optic chiasm) without evidence of adenoma, and five normal examinations. Thus, both studies detected macroadenomas accurately, but CT was frequently unable to diagnose correctly an empty sella. Because patients with possible microadenomas were not submitted to surgery, the accuracy of either radiologic method cannot be assessed at this time. However, we suggest that MRI is superior to CT because of its inherently greater soft-tissue contrast, which allows clear visualization of the optic chiasm, optic nerves, cavernous sinuses, and carotid arteries.
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PMID:Computed tomography versus magnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation of suspected pituitary adenomas. 272 20

A 65 year-old male with severe systolic mitral and tricuspid valve prolapse, associated with long-standing acromegaly is reported. The non published association could be caused by the effect of growth hormone on the valve connective tissue.
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PMID:[Acromegaly associated with mitral and tricuspid prolapse. Report of a case]. 1095 12

A 61-year-old woman had acromegaly associated with mitral regurgitation (MR) resulting from prolapse of the posterior mitral leaflet. At the age of 51 years, the patient was diagnosed with hypertension and a cardiac murmur. She had the characteristic acromegalic appearance, but without visual disturbance. Blood chemistry revealed an elevated plasma concentration of growth hormone and glucose intolerance. Echocardiography showed remarkable dilation of the left ventricle and prolapse of the anterolateral commissure with severe MR. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a pituitary microadenoma. MR was successfully corrected by quadrangular resection of the posterior leaflet, including the prolapsed portion, and prosthetic ring annuloplasty. The patient recovered uneventfully.
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PMID:Mitral valve repair in a patient with acromegaly: case report. 1203 Mar 53

Baraitser-Winter syndrome (BWS), first reported in 1988, is apparently due to genetic abnormalities that are still not well-defined, although many gene abnormalities are already discovered and de novo missense changes in the cytoplasmic actin-encoding genes (called ACTB and ACTG1) have been recently discovered. The syndrome combines facial and cerebral malformations. Facial malformations totally or partially present in the same patient are: Iris coloboma, bilateral ptosis, hypertelorism, broad nasal bridge, and prominent epicanthic folds. The various brain malformations are probably responsible for growth and mental retardation. To the best of our knowledge, the syndrome is very rare as few cases have been reported so far. Our aim was to describe a child with a phenotype that looks like BWS with proved partial growth hormone (GH) deficiency which was not reported before. A girl aged 7-year-old of consanguineous parents was referred for short stature and mental retardation. Clinical examination showed dwarfism and a delay in her mental development. Other clinical features included: Strabismus, epicanthic folds, broad nasal bridge, and brain anomalies such as lissencephaly, bilateral hygroma, and cerebral atrophy. Hormonal assessment showed partial GH deficiency without other endocrine disorders. Our case looks exactly like BWS. However, apart from facial and cerebral abnormalities, there is a partial GH deficiency which can explain the harmonious short stature. This case seems worth to be reported as it adds GH deficiency to the very rare syndrome.
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PMID:Baraitser and Winter syndrome with growth hormone deficiency. 2562 31

Deletion on the short arm of chromosome 18 is a rare disorder characterized by intellectual disability, growth retardation, and craniofacial malformations (such as prominent ears, microcephaly, ptosis, and a round face). The phenotypic spectrum is wide, encompassing a range of abnormalities from minor congenital malformations to holoprosencephaly. We present a case of a 2-year-old girl with ptosis, a round face, broad neck with low posterior hairline, short stature, and panhypopituitarism. She underwent ventilation tube insertion for recurrent otitis media with effusion. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed an ectopic posterior pituitary gland and a shallow, small sella turcica with poor visualization of the pituitary stalk. Cytogenetic and chromosomal microarray analysis revealed a de novo deletion on the short arm of chromosome 18 (arr 18p11.32p11.21[136,227-15,099,116]x1). She has been treated with recombinant human growth hormone (GH) therapy since the age of 6 months after diagnosis of GH deficiency. Her growth rate has improved without any side effects from the GH treatment. This case expands the phenotypic spectrum of 18p deletion syndrome and emphasizes the positive impact of GH therapy on linear growth in this syndrome characterized by growth deficiency. Further studies are required to define the genotype-phenotype correlation according to size and loci of the deletion in 18p deletion syndrome and to predict prognosis.
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PMID:A case of de novo 18p deletion syndrome with panhypopituitarism. 3094 82