Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. An intracellular micro-electrode was used to record action potentials from superficial cells of a cat papillary muscle during isometric contractions. The muscle was stimulated regularly and test stimuli were interpolated at various times between regular (control) responses. 2. The duration of test action potentials (measured at 80% repolarization) increases exponentially with time as the interval between the test stimulus and the preceeding stimulus is increased and a curve drawn through the data reaches a plateau at test intervals of 1.0-1.5 s. This curve is considered to reflect the time course with which membrane conductances return to their pre-stimulus values after a control response, and it is known as the 'electrical restitution curve'. 3. At much longer test intervals the action potential duration duration increases again and it approaches the rested state value of about 0.5 s when the interval between stimuli is 200-300 s. 4. Interventions that raise the peak tension developed in isometric contractions, such as an increase in the rate of stimulation or in the bathing calcium concentration, displace the electrical restitution curve downwards (to shorter action potential durations) and to the left (to shorter stimulus intervals). This shift in the curve is accompanied by a reduction in its magnitude (i.e. the difference in duration between the earliest possible action potential and the plateau value), but the interventions differ in their effects on the time course of electrical restitution: an increase in stimulus frequency causes a marked slowing, whereas an increase in bathing calcium concentration produces a slight speeding up of its time course. 5. The reduction in action potential duration produced by an increase in stimulus frequency (rate-dependent shortening) can be separated into two components, one resulting from the downward displacement of the electrical restitution curve and the other depending on the time available between consecutive responses for membrane recovery. The second component becomes increasingly important at stimulus frequencies above 100 min-1. 6. Changes in action potential duration observed during the tension staircases produced by regular stimulation of a rested preparation and by paired pulse stimulation can also be accounted for by interaction of downward displacement of the electrical restitution curve and variations in the degree of recovery of the membrane between consecutive responses. 7. Downward displacement of the electrical restitution curve is thought to result from intracellular accumulation of calcium and/or extracellular accumulation of potassium, and the available evidence is considered to favour the former mechanism.
 ...
PMID:A study of the factors responsible for rate-dependent shortening of the action potential in mammalian ventricular muscle. 74 95

Substituted benzylamide derivatives of amino acylamide (compound A,B,C, & D) were found to be less potent local anaesthetics than lignocaine and procaine. However, the four compounds exhibited sedation without ptosis and reduced spontaneous locomotor activity better than methaqualone. Compound A alone antagonised methylamphetamine induced hypermotor activity. The test compounds potentiated hexobarbitone induced hypnosis. Three compounds antagonised calcium induced stoppage of isolated heart of frog. Except compound C all caused a transitory fall of blood pressure in dog which was not blocked either by atropine or propranolol. These compounds showed neuromuscular blockade and possessed slight analgesic activity but were devoid of anticonvulsant and tranquillizing activity. LD 50 values were calculated to be 164.1 +/- 23.0, 229.1 +/- 51.0, 181.6 +/- 28.18 and 416+/-38.2 mg/kg for compounds A,B,C & D respectively.
 ...
PMID:Sedative action of some substituted benzylamides. 87 86

Four adult women with histories of rheumatic fever and clinical findings of mitral stenosis and regurgitation had echocardiograms demonstrating moderately severe mitral stenosis (EF slope less than 20 mm/sec, mean left atrial size 3.0 cm/m2, mean anterior mitral leaflet excursion 25 mm) as well as typical mitral valve prolapse. Three patients underwent cardiac catheterization which confirmed the presence of mitral stenosis, as well as systolic prolapse and excessive scalloping of the mitral valve with no visible mitral calcium and no coronary artery disease. One patient had associated mild aortic stenosis and regurgitation. Two patients underwent mitral valve surgery which revealed anterior and posterior commissural fusion consistent with rheumatic disease and intact chordal apparatus. Both leaflets were large and the anterior leaflets were redundant. There were no vegetations. Pathology revealed myxomatous degeneration of the valve leaflets. In the absence of heavy calcification and thickening, the presence of mitral stenosis with commisural fusion does not exclude the possibility of a redundant mitral valve. When these entities coexist, systolic clicks may be absent.
 ...
PMID:Mitral valve prolapse in rheumatic mitral stenosis. 92 8

The correlation of clinical features with the operative findings in 14 patients with a floppy mitral valve is discussed. The clinical course is typified by rapidly progressive disability. An abrupt deterioration was present in five of our subjects and this may be due to rupture of chordae tendinea or stretching of the valve apparatus. The redundancy of the anterior cusp in 13 of our series may explain the absence of mid systolic clicks in all except one patient. The diagnosis of prolapse can be difficult to make prior to surgery because the prolapsed cusp may be masked by the regurgitant contrast medium. Hypokinesis and prominent inflow sacculation of the left ventricular inflow tract suggest an associated myocardial abnormality. Calcium was present in one valve and thus mitral valve calcification does not exclude the possibility of a floppy valve in patients with mitral regurgitation.
 ...
PMID:The floppy mitral valve syndrome--a review of fourteen patients requiring valve surgery. 105 20

Long-term experience with first generation porcine valve xenografts enabled identification of the major limitations to their durability: (1) prosthetic-ventricular mismatch due to the high profile of the stent in patients with mitral stenosis and a small left ventricle; (2) high-pressure fixation with loss of natural collagen crimping in the fibrosa, and wash-out of proteoglycans in the spongiosa; (3) xenograft tissue autolysis, due to the long interval between animal slaughter and aortic valve removal fixation; (4) muscle shelf in the right coronary cusp, which created a gradient and could undergo accelerated calcification and/or spontaneous perforation with time; (5) a flexible polypropylene stent, which could creep or even fracture with consequent inward bending of the stent; (6) progressive time-related dystrophic calcification; (7) host fibrous tissue ingrowth. An awareness of these limitations stimulated technical modifications, which frequently brought about distinct improvements: (1) the reduction of the stent profile eliminated the problem of mismatch, but resulted in a higher tendency towards cusp prolapse and earlier commissural tearing; (2) natural collagen waviness, proteoglycans and cusp extensibility were preserved by employing low or even zero pressure during the fixation process; (3) earlier valve fixation enabled preservation of cell integrity; (4) a new orifice for small valves was designed by replacing the right muscular cusp, thus achieving less gradient and avoiding muscle-shelf-related complications; (5) polypropylene was replaced by Delrin as stent material; (6) calcium-retarding agents like T6 and toluidine blue were applied during commercial processing and storage in order to mitigate tissue mineralization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Heart valve bioprosthesis durability: a challenge to the new generation of porcine valves. 138 86

Serum calcium, magnesium and phosphate values of ewes recently affected by vaginal prolapse were compared with unaffected ewes in four flocks. Subclinical hypocalcaemia was demonstrated in some affected and unaffected ewes in three flocks. Magnesium and phosphate values were normal. In two flocks the body condition of ewes recently affected by vaginal prolapse was variable and reflected the variation in condition found in the flock. In a third flock affected ewes had significantly lower body condition scores than unaffected ewes (P less than 0.001). Analysis of the fourth flock was not possible. Oestrogenic mycotoxins were not detected in any of the feed samples taken from these flocks. The following year the management, nutrition and energy, and the protein and calcium status of ewes in 12 flocks of greyface/mule ewes with a history of a regular high (greater than 3 per cent) or low (less than 1 per cent) prevalence of vaginal prolapse were compared. A high prevalence was not associated with any particular feedstuff. A high or intermediate (1 to 3 per cent) prevalence of vaginal prolapse was found in three of the four flocks managed as a single group and these three flocks were fed on an unrestricted basis. Body condition scoring and beta-hydroxybutyrate estimation confirmed that ewes in these flocks were overfed. The prevalence of vaginal prolapse in the flocks was not related to the serum albumin, calcium or urea of the ewes. Therefore subclinical hypocalcaemia was probably a consequence of vaginal prolapse rather than a cause.
 ...
PMID:Nutritional factors associated with vaginal prolapse in ewes. 203 22

In a prospective study the authors investigated 30 pregnant women (mean age 27 +/- 5.5 years) with prolapse of the mitral valve confirmed on echocardiography, without significant mitral regurgitation, in order to assess whether mitral valve prolapse is a risk factor for the development of complications during gestation and childbirth. As control served a group of 30 healthy pregnant women of corresponding age and number of previous pregnancies, incidence of complications during pregnancy, the type of delivery, sex, length, weight and maturity of the neonates. In women with mitral valve prolapse the authors recorded a significantly higher incidence of subjective complaints such as palpitations associated in 7 of 8 cases with sinus tachycardia 110-140/min. at rest and with vasovagal syncopes. The palpitations were always favourably influenced by beta-blocker therapy or by calcium antagonists. Mitral valve prolapse without haemodynamically significant mitral regurgitation during pregnancy is not a significant risk factor for the development of complications.
 ...
PMID:[Pregnancy and labor in women with mitral valve prolapse]. 220 43

After correction of partial uterine prolapse in a Holstein cow, a 6-cm-long twig was found deep in the affected uterine horn. The twig was removed, and calcium-dextrose and penicillin G were administered. Recovery was unremarkable. Other reports of uterine foreign bodies in cows are scarce and do not describe uterine foreign bodies associated with uterine prolapse or invagination.
 ...
PMID:Partial uterine prolapse associated with uterine foreign body in a cow. 221 30

We report a case of uterine lithiasis in a 73-year-old Latin American woman. The patient underwent vaginal hysterectomy and colporrhaphy for complaints related to secondary uterine prolapse and cystocele. The 70-g, 8 x 5 x 3.5 cm uterus had a normal shape. Ten white, starlike, 0.5 x 0.5 x 0.2 cm, calcified structures were found within the endometrial cavity. Chemical analysis of one of these by x-ray diffraction showed it to be composed of calcite, one of the crystalline forms of calcium carbonate. To our knowledge, this is the first report of human uterine lithiasis in the literature.
 ...
PMID:Uterine lithiasis. 195 48

A 12-month study was undertaken in a 9-veterinarian dairy practice to determine patterns of uterine prolapse and factors associated with posttreatment survival. Of 220,000 cows in herds visited by veterinarians from the practice, 200 (0.09%) developed prolapses mostly (155/169 with data) in the first 24 hours after calving. Most cows (130/200) had prolapses during fall and winter months, and assistance was required in 47 of 200 calvings that resulted in prolapses. Treatment of affected cows (n = 196) consisted of cleansing and replacement of the uterus, insertion of perivulvar retention sutures, local and systemic administration of antibiotics, and parenteral administration of dexamethasone and oxytocin. Calcium was administered to cows with milk fever (n = 117) and to multiparous cows without milk fever attended by veterinarian 9 (n = 8). Crude recovery rate after 2 weeks was 72.4%, but recovery was significantly better if the calf was born alive (P = 0.001), the cow was primiparous (P = 0.03), the cow did not have stage-3 milk fever (P = 0.003), or if the cow was attended by veterinarian 9 (P = 0.01). Time to treatment was not significantly associated with recovery, but affected cows were treated mostly (127/156) within 2 hours of occurrence of the prolapse. By multivariable analysis, presence of a liveborn calf, parity, and lack of stage-3 milk fever, but not attending veterinarian, were significant (P less than 0.05) prognostic indicators of 2-week survival.
 ...
PMID:Patterns of uterine prolapse in dairy cows and prognosis after treatment. 224 33


1 2 3 4 5 6 Next >>