Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In juvenile kyphosis (JK), the roentgenographic defects correspond to the sites of large translucent areas of the collagen-free tissue in the cartilaginous end plates of vertebral bodies. The extent of the roentgenographic lesions is proportional to the number and size of these translucent areas. The gradual transition of radiologic signs between the fully developed JK and the normal spine is paralleled by the decreasing intensity of these histologic change. This relationship can be traced from individual to individual, and within single vertebral columns. The growth zone is often narrow or even missing. The end plates are narrow and segmentally indented towards the vertebral body. These findings are manifestations of the pathogenetic process. Prolapses of disk tissue through gaps in the end plates are probably secondary to the loss of mechanical strength in these defective areas.
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PMID:Juvenile kyphosis (Scheuermann's disease): radiography, histology, and pathogenesis. 747 50

Histologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural studies were performed on 12 floppy mitral valves, 4 mitral valves showing focal myxomatous changes without prolapse, and 3 normal mitral valves. All floppy mitral valves were thickened by deposits of proteoglycans and also showed diverse structural abnormalities in collagen and elastic fibers. From these observations we conclude that (1) the structure of all major components of connective tissue in floppy mitral valves is abnormal; (2) alterations in collagen and accumulations of proteoglycans are nonspecific changes that may be caused by the abnormal mechanical forces to which floppy mitral valves are subjected because of their excessively large surface area; (3) the presence of excessive amounts of proteoglycans may interfere with the normal assembly of collagen and elastic fibers; (4) abnormalities of elastic fibers resemble those in other conditions characterized by structural dilatation or tissue expansion; and (5) alterations in elastin could result from defective formation, increased degradation, or both.
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PMID:Abnormalities in elastic fibers and other connective-tissue components of floppy mitral valve. 775 47

The mechanical behaviour of anulus fibrosus is dependent on collagen fibers and influences the prolapse disposition. The aim of study was the comparison of constitutional mechanical tissue properties between a group of patients with disk herniation and normal. A computerized finger hyperextensiometer was developed which was able to analyse the viscoelastic tissue properties. In the disc herniation group the hyperextension angle of the metacarpophalangeal joint was smaller (p < 0.001), the relative integral area of the force/angle regression was larger (p < 0.001), the relative area under the secant of the curve (p < 0.01) and the recover value were smaller (p < 0.01). The results suggest that a anulus fibrosus with constitutional reduced extensibility, stress absorption capacity and recovery is disposed to herniation.
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PMID:[Prolapsed disk and constitutional disk flexibility]. 794 91

Birth trauma is the most important etiological factor in the genesis of stress urinary incontinence in women (SUI). There is a high incidence of SUI during pregnancy, and after delivery SUI persists in a small percentage of women (2-3%). Almost all studies on perineal muscle function reveal decreasing intravaginal pressures in the days after delivery which rarely return to predelivery levels. A few urodynamics studies have demonstrated reduced urethral closure pressures and functional length after vaginal delivery, but the importance of such findings in the genesis of SUI is controversial. Better consensus has been found when pelvic floor neurophysiology was carried out: there is electromyographic evidence of a denervation-reinnervation pattern in the striated urethral sphincter muscle and occasionally prolonged pudendal conduction times when the pudendal nerves are directly stimulated. Histomorphologic studies of the pelvic floor have demonstrated that, in some women, abnormal collagen types are responsible for vaginal prolapse and accompanying SUI. Finally, the great importance of perineal reeducation by electromyostimulation and biofeedback in patients with traumatic pelvic floor pathology may be emphasized, but the importance of its role in the prevention of late SUI development remains to be established by more prospective studies.
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PMID:Birth trauma: its effect on the urine continence mechanisms. 813 Jun 60

The age-related changes in glycosaminoglycan composition of human intervertebral discs were studied. Large number of tissue samples taken from 301 individuals at autopsy or at operation of prolapsed discs was investigated. It was found that the ageing process is accompanied by a progressive decrease in GAG content, both in annulus fibrosus and in nucleus pulposus. The GAG: collagen ratio significantly decreases. The KS and Ch-6-S were found to be the most abundant GAGs in both parts of the disc and their amounts decrease during the ageing. A distinct, age-related increase in KS:Ch-S and Ch-6-S:Ch-4-S ratios was observed. Significant quantitative differences between the GAG contents in normal and prolapsed discs were found. The nuclei pulposi of prolapsed discs contained less GAGs, especially KS and Ch-6-S in comparison to normal tissue of the same age. Furthermore, the age-related decline of GAGs:collagen ratio was more distinct in the prolapsed discs. It seems that these differences in GAG composition may be important in the mechanism of predisposition to discs prolapse.
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PMID:Age-related changes in glycosaminoglycans of human intervertebral discs. 813 3

Since the advent of trabeculectomy with antimetabolite therapy, there have been few changes in the surgical management of glaucoma. This is the first report of a new technique, nonpenetrating trabeculectomy with placement of a collagen drainage device. The procedure facilitates aqueous drainage without entering the human eye. Meticulous surgical dissection of the trabecular meshwork is required with creation of an external filtration tract and subscleral positioning of a collagen device to facilitate aqueous drainage. With this procedure, the surgeon can avoid common complications of glaucoma surgery such as synechias, overfiltration, hypotony, intraocular infection, uveal prolapse, and failed surgical blebs. The procedure and device have been used extensively in Russia.
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PMID:Nonpenetrating trabeculectomy with placement of a collagen drainage device. 855 34

The concentrations of collagen, hydroxyproline, glycosaminoglycans and estradiol were determined in 60 women aged 51 to 60 years (mean: 55.6 +/- 4.4). When compared with values from women with normal statics with women with lowered statics of the genital organ demonstrated significantly lower concentration of collagen (p < 0.05) in the teres ligaments. Women with prolapse of the genital organ had significantly lower concentration of estradiol in serum (p < 0.001) and of collagen (p < 0.01) in the teres ligaments, with significantly higher daily excretion of hydroxyproline (p < 0.01) and glycosaminoglycans (p < 0.001) in urine. In women with prolapse of the genital organ a significantly positive correlation between the concentration of estradiol and collagen (r = 0.76; p < 0.05) and negative correlation between the concentration of estradiol and hydroxyproline (r = -0.59; p < 0.05) and glycosaminoglycans (r = -0.61; p < 0.05) has been found.
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PMID:[Certain biochemical markers in women with abnormal states of the reproductive system]. 877 8

Here we present a 53-year-old woman with rheumatoid pachymeningitis. The subject had rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for 15 years. In April, 1996 she began to experience intermittent headaches. In September, her headaches became severe and continuous. In October, she suddenly developed ptosis of the left eye and diplopia. She also started to have dysphagia and she found it increasingly difficult to eat. She was admitted to our hospital on November 1, 1996. Neurological examinations revealed palsies of the left IIIrd, IVth, and VIth, and bilateral IXth, and Xth cranial nerves. Laboratory findings showed leukocytosis, elevated blood sedimentation rate, and positive CRP. Serum RA titer was positive (30x). The cerebrospinal fluid was normal and bacteriological examination was negative. T1-weighted MRI demonstrated hypertrophic cranial dura extending from the falx cerebri to tentorium cerebelli, which was enhanced markedly by Gd-DTPA. The dura adjacent to the cavernous sinus and the clivus were also thickened, which probably caused her cranial polyneuropathies. The dural biopsy showed massive infiltration of the inflammatory cells throughout the dura, proliferation of collagen fibers, and necrotic granuloma with neutrophilic infiltrations. Neither rheumatoid nodules, nor vasculitis were found. Despite the absence of rheumatoid nodules in the dural biopsy, the clinical features, pathologic specimens, and MRI findings of the thickened dura were most consistent with rheumatoid pachymeningitis. Administration of dexamethason ameliorated her headache on the 4th hospital day, and the cranial polyneuropathies completely disappeared on the 35th hospital day. The dural enhancement previously seen on the contrast T1-weighted MRI was diminished. Serum RA titer was also normalized (10x). Rheumatoid pachymeningitis is an extremely rare disease, and only 16 cases were reported in the literatures. Hypertrophic pachymeningitis should be considered as a diagnostic possibility in RA patients who have prolonged headache, and Gd-DTPA MRI is recommended to demonstrate the dural involvement.
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PMID:[A case of rheumatoid pachymeningitis]. 943 Oct

In approximately 25% of uterine cervices there are bundles of smooth muscle in the immediate submucosa of the endocervix usually in the region of the transformation zone. They are morphologically and immunohistochemically different from the inherent muscle deeper in the cervix in that they have more cytoplasm, are arranged in bundles not separated by collagen, and do not contain oestrogen or progesterone receptors. They are more commonly found during the reproductive years becoming less common after the menopause, but there is no association with parity, the use of exogenous steroids, uterine fibromyomas or uterine prolapse. At present it can only be concluded that their presence represents a morphological variation.
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PMID:The significance of smooth muscle bundles in the endocervical submucosa. 944 54

A woman who was treated for intrinsic urethral sphincteric deficiency with periurethral injection of glutaraldehyde cross-linked collagen had prolapse of the urethral mucosa and recurrence of incontinence. She subsequently required surgical resection and a fascia lata sling. This is the first known occurrence of this postinjection complication.
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PMID:Urethral prolapse after collagen injection. 953 37


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