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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The association of primary mitral valve prolapse (MVP) with thoracic bony abnormalities has led to the suggestion that MVP may be a forme fruste of the Marfan syndrome. Echocardiographic, skeletal and anthropometric findings in 59 subjects with primary MVP and 59 age- and sex-matched patients with Marfan syndrome were compared with those in 59 control subjects. Subjects with mitral prolapse were similar to control subjects and differed (p less than 0.025 to p less than 0.001) from the patients with Marfan syndrome in aortic root dimensions, height, arm span, upper/lower segment ratio and prevalences of arachnodactyly, scoliosis and pectus carinatum. Subjects with mitral prolapse and patients with Marfan syndrome had similar body mass indexes and prevalences of pectus excavatum and straight back. All 3 groups were similar in arm span/height ratio. The 5 subjects with MVP and arachnodactyly had lower weights, smaller body surface areas and smaller aortic root dimensions, and were more likely to have scoliosis than subjects with MVP without arachnodactyly. Thus, primary MVP differs from the Marfan syndrome in all major skeletal and cardiovascular features.
Am J Cardiol 1989 Feb 01
PMID:Comparison of cardiovascular and skeletal features of primary mitral valve prolapse and Marfan syndrome. 291 33

The study was performed in 33 patients with echocardiographic diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse (PVM), without any other associated heart disease. A 19 derivations electrocardiogram (ECG) was performed a direct inscription 4 channel Samborns 150 machine at 25 and 50 mm/sec. The purpose of the study was determine the alterations in ventricular depolarization and repolarization, and to correlate them with valve prolapse, as well as with cavitary and parietal dimensions, as measured by M mode and/or two-dimensional echocardiography. Left ventricular hypertrophy detected by ECG agreed with the ECO test in 77%; the sensitivity was of 86% and specificity of 67.5%. Left ventricular hypertrophy detected by ECG was not related with the type of prolapse. Ventricular repolarization alteration was very frequent (84.8%). Association of this parameter with initial notch of R in a VF becomes important for diagnosis suspicion (p less than 0.01). When the abnormal repolarization affected the anterolateral wall, posterior valve prolapse was frequent; when the posteroinferior region was the affected one, the prolapse occurred more frequently in both valves. An important correlation (p less than 0.01) was found between left ventricular dilatation detected by ECO and the abnormal ventricular repolarization.
Arch Inst Cardiol Mex
PMID:[Electro-echocardiographic correlation in mitral valve prolapse]. 295 79

In order to study the etiologies and mechanisms in sports-related sudden death, the author selected 198 cases from the world literature which met the following criteria: subjects were less than 40 years of age and in good physical condition, death occurred at the latest 1 hour after the physical activity, there was no known heart disease, and an autopsy had been performed. In spite of the heterogeneous character of those subjects included in this study and numerous biases, the following results were obtained: in some cases, the mechanism underlying the sudden death could be confirmed by autopsy (massive myocardial infarction, rupture of the aorta, cerebral hemorrhage), and in others it appeared highly probable (atheromatous or congenital coronary artery lesions, hypertrophic cardiomyopathies). Finally, in a certain number of cases, the observed abnormalities could only be seen as presumptive evidence (mitral prolapse, sequelae of myocarditis, or the presence of toxic agents). Failure to establish a precise diagnosis at autopsy occurred in only 22 cases (11%), however, amphetamine drug presence was discovered in 7 of these cases. Approximately one-half of the group studied revealed atheromatous coronary artery lesions (29% of cases) or congenital lesions (17.5%) especially involving the origin of the left coronary artery. These were followed in frequency by the hypertrophic cardiomyopathies. Mitral valve prolapse and WPW syndrome were rarely encountered. Extracardiac causes included rupture of the aorta (4.5%) and cerebral vascular accidents (5%).
Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 1985 Mar
PMID:[Sudden death in athletes]. 315 27

To test the hypothesis that mitral valve prolapse may be due either to billowing of mitral leaflets into the left atrium or to dynamic expansion of the mitral anulus, mitral leaflet and annular dimensions and motion were measured by computer-assisted two-dimensional echocardiography in 35 normal adults and 48 subjects with auscultatory and M-mode echocardiographic evidence of mitral prolapse. Among normal subjects, mitral leaflet and annular dimensions tended to be larger compared with body size or left ventricular size in women than in men. Mitral leaflet billowing was observed in 24 (50%) of 48 patients with mitral prolapse and 0 of 35 normal subjects (100% specificity). The 24 patients without leaflet billowing had greater systolic expansion of the mitral anulus (p less than 0.0001) than did normal adults or patients with leaflet billowing (41 +/- 14% versus 27 +/- 12% and 22 +/- 11%, respectively) and a significantly lower body mass index (p less than 0.005 versus normal group). The ratio of anterior plus posterior mitral leaflet length to end-systolic annular diameter was lower in patients with prolapse without leaflet billowing than in normal subjects (1.09 +/- 0.12 versus 1.19 +/- 0.15, respectively, p less than 0.01) or patients with leaflet billowing (1.21 +/- 0.17, p less than 0.05). Among 35 relatives with mitral prolapse in the families of 23 patients with prolapse, the pattern was the same as in the proband in 31 (89%) (p less than 0.000002).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
J Am Coll Cardiol 1988 Dec
PMID:Mitral valve dimensions and motion and familial transmission of mitral valve prolapse with and without mitral leaflet billowing. 319 39

A 32-year-old man with distal skeletal manifestations of Marfan's syndrome had experienced shortness of breath and orthopnea for one month. Physical examination showed the presence of severe aortic regurgitation. Both noninvasive and invasive studies revealed that the aortic regurgitation was induced by previously undescribed peculiar and unusual etiology: diastolic prolapse of a circumferentially dissected tubular intimal flap into the left ventricle. The patient underwent surgical repair with striking clinical improvement.
Clin Cardiol 1988 Oct
PMID:Aortic regurgitation secondary to diastolic prolapse of a tubular intimal flap into the left ventricle in a patient with anuloaortic ectasia. 322 56

Between January 1986 and November 1987, 31 patients (pt.) underwent reconstructive surgery for mitral regurgitation secondary to floppy valve. Six pt. were in NYHA functional class IV, 22 in III class and 3 in II class. The mitral valve prolapse was posterior in 20 cases, anterior in 7 cases and bilateral in 4 cases. Chordal rupture was present in 18 pt. The mitral valve was repaired by quadrangular excision of the mural leaflet and posterior annuloplasty performed by insertion of polytetrafluoroethylene graft. The anterior prolapse was managed by transposition of chordae from the mural leaflet to the prolapsed part of the anterior leaflet (11 cases). One patient died perioperatively from myocardial infarction. Subsequent follow-up (length: 12.1 +/- 4.9 months) revealed good functional and clinical results: all pt. were alive, in NYHA class I or II (3 pt.). Echocardiographic studies revealed a decrease in diastolic (3.68 +/- 0.6 vs. 3.17 +/- 0.3 cm/m2) and systolic (2.4 +/- 0.5 vs. 2.15 +/- 0.4 cm/m2) diameter. The shortening fraction did not decline significantly. The mitral area fell from 6.0 +/- 2.0 cm2 to 3.1 +/- 1.1 cm2. A moderate residual regurgitation was present in two pt. and a severe regurgitation was found in only one pt. Our experience suggests that valve repair may be considered the most suitable type of operation for mitral regurgitation secondary to floppy valve.
G Ital Cardiol 1988 Nov
PMID:[Mitral insufficiency caused by floppy valve: results of conservative surgical treatment]. 324 97

The present study clarified the clinical significance of the suction signal--regurgitant signal near the mitral valve in the left ventricle--as obtained by two-dimensional color Doppler echocardiography in patients with mitral regurgitation. The study population consisted of 39 patients with various heart diseases having mitral regurgitation. The presence of a mitral regurgitant signal was determined not only in the left atrium but in the left ventricle using the long-axis view, four-chamber view, and short-axis view. 1. The suction signal was observed in 17 cases; on the posteromedial commissure side in four; the central portion in seven; the anterolateral commissure side in five and the mitral aneurysm portion in one. The site of the suction signal indicated the mitral regurgitant orifice and was useful for identifying the regurgitant orifice particularly in cases with prolapse of the commissural scallop. 2. Left ventriculography was performed in 18 cases and the severity of mitral regurgitation was grade III/IV or IV/IV in seven of eight cases with suction signals and was grade II/IV in the remaining one, while it was grade II/IV or I/IV in all ten cases without the signal. Sensitivity was then 100% and specificity was 91% in diagnosing III/IV or greater regurgitation according to the presence of the suction signal. The left atrial jet distance, width and area in the 17 cases with suction signals were significantly greater than those of 22 cases without the signal (3.3 +/- 1.0 vs 1.9 +/- 0.7 cm, 1.4 +/- 0.7 vs 0.8 +/- 0.4 cm, and 4.2 +/- 2.8 vs 1.3 +/- 1.3 cm2, respectively). Thus, the suction signal in the left ventricle in mitral regurgitation provided useful information concerning not only the identification of a regurgitant orifice, but the grade of mitral regurgitation, as well.
J Cardiol 1988 Sep
PMID:[The suction signal detected by color Doppler echocardiography in patients with mitral regurgitation: its clinical significance]. 324 87

To certify the continuity between the normal and prolapsed mitral valves (MVP), two-dimensional and color Doppler echocardiography (2-DE and CDE) were performed for healthy 250 male subjects of 13 years old. The distance from the plane of the mitral annulus to the coaptation (c) and the grade of systolic ballooning of the anterior mitral leaflet as expressed by the maximum distance between the leaflet and the straight line connecting the anterior mitral ring with the point of coaptation (d) were measured in the long-axis 2-DE. Mitral regurgitation (MR) was evaluated by CDE. Distribution of c was between +10 and -3 mm, and d was between +5 and -3 mm (minus denotes prolapse toward the left atrium). An approximately normal distribution was found in both parameters c and d. The incidence of MVP varied from 3 to 13% according to the strictness of the criteria for MVP. Subjects with MR from the posterior commissure showed the coaptation significantly displaced toward the atrium compared with the rest of subjects (p less than 0.01). Our data suggest that MVP is a multifactorial disorder of the valve and the development of MR has some relation to the severity of MVP.
J Cardiol Suppl 1988
PMID:[Continuity of normal and prolapsed mitral valves: two-dimensional and color Doppler echocardiographic investigations]. 325 4

The diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) should depend on the presence of significant mitral regurgitation or mitral complex abnormality as far as MVP is a diseased status. Concerning the echocardiographic diagnosis, the site of prolapse is difficult to determine correctly. In this study, Doppler color flow mapping was used to detect mitral regurgitation, and to decide the site of prolapse. Our new criteria of MVP include: (1) Phonocardiographic or auscultatory findings suggestive of mitral regurgitation or mitral complex abnormality. (2) A systolic bulging or an apparent systolic ballooning of the mitral valve by two-dimensional echocardiography. (3) A mitral regurgitant signal with an acceleration flow at the site of prolapse by Doppler color flow mapping.
J Cardiol Suppl 1988
PMID:[A new diagnostic criteria of mitral valve prolapse syndrome]. 325 5

To re-evaluate the clinical significance of non-ejection systolic clicks in mitral valve prolapse (MVP), 154 patients with idiopathic MVP (idiopathic group) and 54 patients with secondary MVP associated with atrial septal defect (secondary group) were studied using phonocardiography and two-dimensional echocardiography. There was no significant difference in the incidence of systolic clicks between the idiopathic (30%) and secondary (24%) groups. The severer the degree of prolapse, the higher the incidence of systolic clicks in both the groups. A systolic click was observed independently of age in the idiopathic group. In the secondary group, however, a systolic click was not observed in patients under 30 years old and increased with advancing age in frequency. The intensity of systolic click tended to increase in proportion to the increase of severity of prolapse in both the groups. These results suggested that systolic clicks may appear irrespective of the causes of prolapse and that the production and the intensity of systolic clicks may be related to the degree of changes in the mitral valve-chordal system and the degree of prolapse.
J Cardiol Suppl 1988
PMID:[Systolic clicks in mitral valve prolapse: their pathophysiological relationship to the grade and causes of prolapse]. 325 6


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