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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The successful treatment of vaginal vault prolapse with eversion continues to be an enigma to surgeons. The many surgical procedures that have been proposed testify to the fact that no single reliable procedure has been developed. The vaginal operation of posterior pelvic shelf colpopexy described in this report represents an evolution of ideas drawn from other surgeons coupled with the author's personal experience. The concept of creating a high, posterior pelvic shelf for vaginal vault fixation is developed, and the surgical technique is discussed in detail.
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PMID:Vaginal vault prolapse with eversion. 46 Jul 65

Reduction mammaplasty is the volumetric reduction in the bulk of the breast. Techniques have evolved from primarily reducing the breast bulk to reducing with emphasis on functional and aesthetic outcome. The deeper understanding of the surgical anatomy of the breast has guided this development. While Paulus Aegina (sixth century AD), Dieffenbach (1848) and Gaillard-Thomas (1882) set the pace in glandular reduction; Pousson (1897) and Dehner (1908) focused on breast ptosis. It took quite some time before the enigma of the vascularization to the nipple areolar complex could be solved. Progress over a decade saw Thorek's (1922) free nipple grafting replaced by the periareolar de-epithelialization introduced by Schwarzmann (1930); which subsequently gave way to the Gillies and McIndoe (1939) skin-gland undermining technique. The era of breast remodeling while preserving the nipple areolar complex was soon ushered forward. This was driven by Arie (1957), Strombeck (1960) and Pitanguy (1961). The preservation of the subdermal plexus became crucial whilst retaining sensory supply to the breast as the pectoral fascia was spared. Skoog's (1963) nipple transposition without skin-gland undermining formed the basis for modern day reduction mammaplasty. Aesthetics was in mind throughout this period as different skin incisions were developed and advanced following Dieffenbach's small submammary incision in 1848. Surgical landmarks that ensured reproducible aesthetic outcomes were described by Penn (1955) and Wise (1956). Liposuction-assisted reduction was introduced by Teimourian in 1985 and is best utilised in patients with predominantly fatty breast tissue.
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PMID:Surgical anatomy of reduction mammaplasty: a historical perspective and current concepts. 2887 54

Despite pelvic organ prolapse being a universal problem experienced in nearly 50% of parous women, the surgical management of vaginal prolapse remains an enigma to many, with wide variation in the rates and types of intervention performed. As part of the 6th International Consultation on Incontinence (ICI) our committee, charged with producing an evidence-based report on the surgical management of prolapse, produced a pathway for the surgical management of prolapse. The 2017 ICI surgical management of prolapse evidence-based pathway will be presented and summarized. Weaknesses of the data and pathway will be discussed and avenues for future research proposed.
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PMID:Surgical management of pelvic organ prolapse. 3057 43