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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Orbital blow-out fractures were experimentally created in eight human cadavers. Each orbit underwent conventional radiographic studies, complex motion tomography, and computed tomographic examinations. A comparison of the three modalities was made. Anatomical correlation was obtained by dissecting the orbits. The significance of medial-wall fractures and enophthalmos is discussed. Limitation of inferior rectus muscle mobility is thought to be a result of muscle kinking associated with orbital fat-pad prolapse at the fracture site, rather than muscle incarceration. Blow-out fractures should be evaluated by computed tomographic computer reformations in the oblique sagittal plane.
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PMID:Blow-out fractures of the orbit: a comparison of computed tomography and conventional radiography with anatomical correlation. 707 52

Leaf and bark extracts of Byrsonima crassifolia displayed concentration-dependent, spasmogenic effects on rat fundus in vitro and biphasic effects on rat jejunum and ileum in vitro. Dose-related in vivo effects in intact rats using hippocratic screening were: decrease in motor activity, mild analgesia, back tonus, enophthalmos, reversible palpebral ptosis, ear blanching, Robichaud positive, catalepsy (awake) and strong hypothermia. Rat fundus in vitro was used as the bioassay to carry out an activity-directed separation. Bioactive material was concentrated in a 2% acetic acid leaf extract (HOAcE). Potency of HOAcE was increased by the presence of pargyline in the bathing solution. HOAcE was antagonized noncompetively by 1(1-naphthyl) piperazine (1-NP) and cyproheptadine and antagonized competitively by atropine (ATR). Cumulative concentration-response curves of HOAcE and serotonin (5-HT) did not show significant departure from parallelism (P > 0.1) and 5-HT potency was 6040 times that of HOAcE (95% confidence limits: 4620-7850). Solvent extraction of HOAcE split the spasmogenic activity of HOAcE into two types: (i) high-efficacy, low-potency, n-butanol-extracted, pargyline- and 1-NP-sensitive, ATR-insensitive activity, and (ii) low-efficacy, high-potency, ethyl acetate-extracted, pargyline-insensitive, ATR- and 1-NP-sensitive activity. HOAcE lacked muscarinic and nicotinic effects on rat jejunum and frog rectus abdominis. Results suggest the presence of more than one spasmogenic compound in the plant.
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PMID:Pharmacological and chemical screening of Byrsonima crassifolia, a medicinal tree from Mexico. Part I. 841 47

The objective was to determine whether vaginal topography accurately predicts the location of the pelvic viscera on fluoroscopy in women with pelvic organ prolapse. Eighty-nine women undergoing preoperative evaluation for reconstructive pelvic surgery at a tertiary care referral practice formed the study population. Each woman completed a comprehensive urogynecologic history and physical examination, which included a quantified (POP-Q) assessment of her vaginal topography, as described by Bump et al. In addition each woman underwent pelvic floor fluoroscopy (PFF). Visceral sites were selected which corresponded clinically to the vaginal sites measured by the POP-Q. The most dependent portion of the bladder, small intestine, rectum and urethrovesical junction was measured. Twenty-five (28%) women had stage II prolapse, 34 (38%) had stage III prolapse, and 28 (32%) had stage IV prolapse. The remaining 2 women were symptomatic, with stage I prolapse. For the entire study population there was no correlation between the fluoroscopic position of the small bowel and/or rectum and any apical or posterior wall POP-Q site (C, Ap or Bp). There was no correlation with the fluoroscopic position of the UVJ at rest or with straining and the corresponding POP-Q site (Aa). The fluoroscopic position of the most dependent portion of the bladder correlated only modestly with the upper (Ba, rho = 0.51) and lower Aa, rho = 0.68) anterior vaginal wall POP-Q sites. In women without prior surgery (n = 33) there was only modest correlation between the fluoroscopic position of the bladder and the corresponding POP-Q site (Aa, rho = 0.71). In this unoperated subpopulation there was no correlation with PFF and any other POP-Q site. In women who had undergone prior hysterectomy (n = 25) or hysterectomy with anterior and/or posterior colporrhaphy (n = 17), there was only a modest correlation of the most dependent portion of the bladder and the upper anterior vaginal wall site (Bb, rho = 0.67 and rho = 0.55, respectively). It was concluded that vaginal topography does not reliably predict the position of the associated viscera on PFF in women with primary or recurrent pelvic organ prolapse.
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PMID:Vaginal topography does not correlate well with visceral position in women with pelvic organ prolapse. 960 31

For many years, researchers on this field have suffered from the lack of an efficient method for describing pelvic organ prolapse. Struggling to solve this problem, the International Continence Society has proposed a pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q) system [Bump RC, Mattiasson A, Bo K, Brubaker LP, DeLancey JO, Klarskov P, Shull B, Smith ARB, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 175(1):1956-1962, 1996], which was validated as a precise and reproducible technique for describing pelvic organ position. However, even though very precise at describing pelvic organ position, our critic to this system is its limited ability to quantify the prolapse itself, since it still classifies prolapse into four grades, almost the same way as Baden and Walker did in 1972. As a result, the same grade can include a wide prolapse intensity range. The objective of this paper is to propose a method that makes POP research more efficient by directly measuring prolapse as a continuous variable that requires lesser number of subjects in order to achieve statistical significance.
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PMID:Optimizing pelvic organ prolapse research. 1700 55

Diabetic cranial neuropathy is one of the important complications of diabetes with up to 10-fold increase in incidence. It usually affects 3rd, 4th, and 6th cranial nerves. Recurrent cranial neuropathy is lesser reported, and its incidence is not very clear. Course is usually benign with spontaneous remission within months. A 47-years diabetic male presented with acute onset diplopia and right sided ptosis with history of 3 previous episodes of sudden facio-ocular complications of diabetes over a period of 5 years all of which had improved completely over 6 to 8 weeks. On examination he was found to have right-sided pupil sparing 3rd cranial nerve palsy. Visual acuity was normal. Examination of fundus showed early nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy changes. Motor, sensory system, bladder, and bowel were normal. Blood tests revealed FBS 133 mg%, PPBS 333 mg%, HbA1C 8.8, Creatinine 1.8 mg%, normal electrolytes, and LFT. CSF study showed 4 cells with Protein 68 mg% and Sugar 83 mg%. CT scan of the brain showed normal brain parenchyma. MRI of brain did not reveal any acute infarct or mass lesion and visualized cranial nerves were normal. Other work ups were negative. His sugars were controlled with oral antidiabetic drugs. Patient improved with oral steroids.
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PMID:Recurrent cranio-oculo-facial diabetic complication. 3154 66