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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case report is discussed in which a clinically diagnosed case of an L4-L5 nuclear prolapse with a sequestrated fragment was verified by computerized axial tomography and magnetic resonance imaging at the initiation of the treatment period. It was treated with flexion-distraction manipulation, hot and cold fomentation, positive galvanism, a lumbosacral support, nutritional supplementation, abstinence from sitting and exercises. Four wk after initiation of treatment, the patient was asymptomatic. Eight wk after initiation of treatment, and 6 wk after the original scan, magnetic resonance imaging verified a reduction in the size of the prolapse within the vertebral canal. An 11 month follow-up examination indicated the patient had no exacerbations of her condition and all objective findings were negative.
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PMID:Conservative management of an L4-L5 left nuclear disk prolapse with a sequestrated segment. 140 16

This article reviews the different applications of ultrasound in benign urogynecological diseases. The findings presented here were obtained by introital and transvaginal ultrasound, both of which can be performed with the same equipment (5-7-MHz sector transducer, emission angle of at least 90 degrees; for introital sonography, the transducer is placed over the external urethral orifice with the transducer axis corresponding to the body axis). Female voiding dysfunction, including urge symptoms, recurrent urinary tract infections and urinary incontinence, may occur secondary to morphological and topographical changes of the urogenital organs. Findings such as urethral diverticula, periurethral masses, funneling of the urethra and distension cystoceles are identified by introital ultrasound. Transvaginal ultrasound enables the detection of pathologies of the bladder and uterus including its appendages. Ultrasound as part of the diagnostic work-up of stress urinary incontinence and genitourinary prolapse allows for the morphological and dynamic assessment of the lower urinary tract. It is possible, for example, to classify sonographically identified changes of the endopelvic fascia as lateral (distraction cystocele, funneling of the urethra) and central (pulsation cystocele) defects as well as to determine the reactivity of the pelvic floor muscles. Ultrasound has replaced radiography in yielding information on the abnormal morphology of the urogenital organs, which should be taken into account in planning the treatment of urogynecological conditions.
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PMID:Introital and transvaginal ultrasound as the main tool in the assessment of urogenital and pelvic floor dysfunction: an imaging panel and practical approach. 1290 21

To avoid tracheostomy in 11 neonates with severe Pierre Robin sequence, we used a technique of progressive elongation of the mandible (distraction osteogenesis) to correct tongue ptosis, increase pharyngeal airway, and correct micrognathia. All 11 patients were extubated within 3 to 6 days after beginning distraction. At 1 month 54.5% were oral feeders and at 1 year, 100%. Sleep studies were obtained on 7 patients and were normal 1 week to 1 month after operation. Growth was observed to be above the 50th percentile in all patients with no comorbidities. A 5-year clinical follow-up showed the operated mandible to maintain a normal shape and produce an undisturbed tooth eruption sequence. We conclude that distraction osteogenesis to increase the length of the short mandible is an effective alternative to tracheostomy in carefully selected patients.
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PMID:New technique for airway correction in neonates with severe Pierre Robin sequence. 1602 85

Mandibular symphyseal distraction osteogenesis (MSDO) is an alternative strategy to correct mandibular transverse deficiencies and dental crowding. Only a limited number of practitioners have reported their clinical experience and potential complications of this procedure to widen the mandible in a large case series. This study involved retrospective analysis of 40 patients who underwent mandibular symphyseal distraction osteogenesis. Three different types of distractor were used to widen the mandible: tooth-borne in 21 patients, bone-borne in 5 patients and hybrid (both bone and tooth-borne) in 14 patients. The distraction amount ranged from 7 to 11 mm (mean 7.31 mm). While 39 patients underwent successful mandibular symphyseal distraction, there was one failure. Most of the complications were experienced in bone-borne distractors, such as breakage of the distractor rod, gingival recession, secondary infection and ptosis of the chin. In the light of these findings, it is suggested that a lingually placed tooth-borne hyrax appliance is more suitable and reliable than the other distraction devices. Further larger studies are needed in order to better evaluate the effectiveness of bone-borne or hybrid devices.
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PMID:Mandibular symphyseal distraction osteogenesis: review of three techniques. 1722 9

Purpose. To analyze the clinical findings associated with involutional entropion and ectropion and compare them to each other and to age-matched controls. Methods. Prospective, age-matched cohort study involving 30 lids with involutional entropion, 30 lids with involutional ectropion, and 52 age-matched control lids. Results. The statistically significant differences associated with both the entropion and ectropion groups compared to the control group were presence of a retractor dehiscence, presence of a "white line," occurrence of orbital fat prolapse in the cul-de-sac, decreased lower lid excursion, increased lid laxity by the snapback test, and an increased lower lid distraction. Entropion also differed from the control group with an increased lid crease height and decreased lateral canthal excursion. Statistically significant differences associated with entropion compared to ectropion were presence of a retractor dehiscence, decreased lateral canthal excursion, and less laxity in the snapback test. Conclusion. Entropic and ectropic lids demonstrate clinically and statistically significant anatomical and functional differences from normal, age-matched lids. Many clinical findings associated with entropion are also present in ectropion. Entropion is more likely to develop with a pronounced retractor deficiency. Ectropion is more likely to develop with diminished elasticity as measured by the snapback test.
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PMID:Age-matched, case-controlled comparison of clinical indicators for development of entropion and ectropion. 2473 67

Mandibular hypoplasia may present in isolation or in the context of glossoptosis and a U-shaped, incomplete cleft palate. This latter triad is referred to as Pierre Robin sequence. Deleterious effects of micrognathia that may present during infancy are due primarily to glossoptosis or posterior displacement of the tongue. This tongue base prolapse may cause varying degrees of upper airway obstruction. A surgical option for management of tongue base airway obstruction secondary to mandibular hypoplasia is neonatal mandibular distraction osteogenesis. Herein, the author seeks to outline the benefits and limitations of early mandibular distraction osteogenesis as a way of managing airway obstruction and feeding difficulty in newborns with micrognathia. A description of the author's operative technique as well as potential complications and pitfalls will also be discussed.
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PMID:Surgical Management of Pierre Robin Sequence: Using Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis to Address Hypoventilation and Failure to Thrive in Infancy. 2709 39