Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 56-year-old female had pure regurgitation in all cardiac valves. Color Doppler echocardiography showed a regurgitant jet in all cardiac valves. The severity of regurgitation due to the prolapse in all valves was moderate. The patient had no history of rheumatic fever, ischemic heart disease, endocarditis or hypertension. Physical characteristics of the patient were neither of Marfan's nor Ehlers-Danlos' syndrome. The etiology of regurgitation in all cardiac valves of this patient may be due to multiple valve prolapse.
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PMID:An adult case with multiple cardiac valve prolapse and regurgitation. 832 22

We performed examinations and echocardiographic studies in 35 patients with Down syndrome (aged 20 +/- 4.2 years) with no known intracardiac disease. Sixteen patients (46%) had mitral valve prolapse; two of these also had tricuspid valve prolapse. Two had aortic regurgitation. Valve regurgitation was present in 4 (17%) of 23 patients more than 18 years of age but in none of the 12 patients 18 years of age or younger. We recommend screening of adolescent and young adult patients with Down syndrome for the development of valve dysfunction, especially before dental or surgical procedures.
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PMID:Development of valve dysfunction in adolescents and young adults with Down syndrome and no known congenital heart disease. 849 70

We examined 38 patients discovered to be affected by an atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) during 4014 consecutive echocardiographic examinations on an adult population in an eighteen-month period. ASA is often associated with other abnormalities, mainly mitral valve prolapse (23%), followed by aortic or pulmonary regurgitation, interatrial septal defect, tricuspid valve prolapse. It has been hypothesized that ASA could be a trigger for cardiac arrhythmias or a source of emboli to various districts. However, in our population we were not able to find any patient complaining of significant ASA-related cardiac symptoms nor affected by complications such as cardiac arrhythmias or embolic phenomena. Therefore, in our opinion this entity could be defined as quite benign neither requiring pharmacological therapy nor anticoagulant prophylaxis unless such treatments are indicated by an associated pathology.
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PMID:[Atrial septal aneurysm and associated anomalies. Personal experience with 38 cases]. 851 Aug 15

Native valve endocarditis normally presents with fever and only later in its course demonstrates dysfunction of the affected valve. We describe a case of endocarditis due to Neisseria subflava, a Gram-negative diplococcal saprophyte of the oral cavity, which was unsuspected clinically and found unexpectedly during a mitral valve operation performed for symptomatic prolapse with regurgitation.
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PMID:Nonfebrile mitral valve endocarditis due to Neisseria subflava. 854

We reported a successful tricuspid valve replacement in a 58-years old man, who had easy fatiguability after 14 years of a blunt chest trauma. The preoperative examination revealed a marked cardiomegaly with deformation of both ventricles and grade 4 tricuspid regurgitation caused by the prolapse of the anterior leaflet. The operative inspection revealed a left pericardial defect with a diameter of 10 cm and a torn anterior papillary muscle. Since a usual plastic procedure did not improve the regurgitation, a Carpentier-Edward bioprosthetic valve was implanted in the supra annular position. Atrioventricular conduction was preserved. The tricuspid valve was not resected to preserve the ventricular function. The patient recovered his own activity.
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PMID:[A case report on a reconstructive operation of a traumatic tricuspid regurgitation with a congenital defect of the left pericardium]. 855 Oct 83

Posterior displacement of the mitral valve with billowing into the left atrium has been the major echocardiographic criterion used for the diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse (MVP). However, the current criteria are limited by the influence of hemodynamic factors on the degree of prolapse, whereas complications such as mitral regurgitation, endocarditis, and need for surgery have been associated with redundancy or thickening of the leaflets. Sixty-eight normal subjects (mean age, 40 years; range, 18 to 76 years) were compared with 58 patients with MVP (mean age, 37 years, range, 18 to 83 years). Leaflet displacement across the annular plane in the parasternal long-axis view was mandatory for the diagnosis of MVP. Transthoracic echocardiographic measurements of anterior and posterior leaflet thickness, leaflet length, and chordal length were made from the parasternal long-axis view and the mitral annular diameter, from the apical four-chamber and two-chamber views. The MVP group had greater anterior thickness (4.1 +/- 0.4 mm vs 5.3 +/- 0.7 mm; p = 0.0001), posterior thickness (3.2 +/- 0.4 mm vs 4.7 +/- 0.9 mm; p = 0.0001), anterior length (22.8 +/- 2.0 mm vs 25.7 +/- 1.7 mm; p = 0.0001), posterior length (12.8 +/- 1.0 mm vs 15.7 +/- 2.5 mm; p = 0.0001), chordal length (25.6 +/- 2.7 mm vs 28.0 +/- 2.5 mm; p = 0.0001), and annular diameter (29.1 +/- 1.5 mm vs 31.3 +/- 2.6 mm; p = 0.0001). Of the MVP group, >80% had at least one abnormality identified and >50% had at least two abnormalities. In addition, patients with MVP with significant regurgitation had greater anterior thickness (5.2 +/- 0.7 mm vs 5.8 +/- 0.8 mm; p = 0.015), posterior thickness (4.5 +/- 0.9 mm vs 5.3 +/- 0.7 mm; p = 0.024), posterior length (15.1 +/- 1.6 mm vs 17.9 +/- 4.2 mm; p = 0.004), and annular diameter (36.0 +/- 2.0 mm vs 33.3 +/- 2.1 mm; p = 0.0001). The majority of patients with floppy mitral valves resulting in MVP have structural abnormalities that may be defined by echocardiography. A spectrum of floppy valve structure is demonstrated by echocardiography, with mitral regurgitation occurring more frequently in patients with multiple and more severe anatomic abnormalities. In addition to the presence of prolapse and regurgitation, the assessment of leaflet thickness, leaflet length, annular diameter, and chordal length is fundamental to the definition and stratification of patients with MVP associated with the floppy mitral valve.
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PMID:Spectrum of structural abnormalities in floppy mitral valve echocardiographic evaluation. 870 57

A 71-year-old woman submitted to multiple coronary artery bypass grafts suddenly developed in the third postoperatory day cardiogenic shock. Transesophageal echocardiography examination and color Doppler showed prolapse of the anterior mitral valve leaflet and detached anterolateral papillary muscle in the left atrial cavity with severe mitral valve regurgitation and increased left ventricular wall kynesis. Maximal inotropic and vasodilator support was not effective and a mechanical circulatory assistance was deemed necessary awaiting for mitral valve replacement not performed on emergency for unavailability of operatory rooms. Hemopump pump-cannula assembly was introduced through a femoral graft and the cannula was advanced in the aorta and positioned in the left ventricle across the aortic valve. Pump rate was set at the maximal speed and as an immediate result, mean arterial pressure increased and mean pulmonary pressure decreased. Global cardiac output during 190 min of assistance was 3.48 l/min at a mean arterial pressure of 81 mmHg. The Hemopump provided 3 l/min of flow with an effective left ventricle unloading. The patient subsequently underwent mitral valve replacement and her postoperative outcome was uneventful and free from complications.
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PMID:[Circulatory support with Hemopump in cardiogenic shock secondary to papillary muscle rupture]. 870 64

A case of traumatic tricuspid regurgitation with bilateral pericardial lacerations is presented. The patient was a 68-year-old male with a chief complaint of dyspnea on exertion, who had had chest contusion in an automobile accident 17 years before. Two dimensional echocardiography demonstrated a systolic prolapse of the tricuspid anterior leaflet resulting in massive regurgitation. The right atrial v wave was 25 mmHg. Intraoperative findings were as follows: Three healed tears of 4-6 cm long were present in the both sides of the pericardium. The chordae tendineae of the anterior leaflet were ruptured. The tricuspid valve was replaced with a SJM valve prosthesis. To our knowledge, no case of combined tricuspid insufficiency and bilateral pericardial laceration resulting from blunt injury has ever been reported.
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PMID:[A case of traumatic tricuspid regurgitation with bilateral pericardial laceration]. 872 66

We report a case of a broad prolapse in the posterior leaflet successfully treated by a mitral valve repair by the sliding leaflet technique. The mitral valve regurgitation was caused by a rupture and elongation in the chordae supporting the middle scallop. First 3 cm of the leaflet was quadrangularly resected, then the posterior leaflet was detached from the annulus. Suture annuloplasty of that portion was performed and then the posterior leaflet was reattached to the annulus. Finally a Carpentier-Edwards annuloplasty ring was sutured in position. A postoperative study revealed no regurgitation. The sliding leaflet technique seemed to be effective to reduce tension in the isovolumic stress area caused by covering the broad gap left by the resected leaflet. When mitral valve repair by the sliding leaflet technique is performed, we recommend the use of an annuloplasty ring to decrease the stress on the suture line, to remodel the annular configuration and to prevent annular dilatation.
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PMID:[Mitral valve repair by the sliding leaflet technique employed for a broad prolapse in the posterior leaflet: a case report]. 872 69

A 76-year-old female was admitted to our hospital due to anterior chest pain and dyspnea. Mitral regurgitation due to prolapse of the posterior leaflet was detected by UCG. After admission, massive gastric hemorrhage was observed. Because hemostatic therapy using endoscopy was not effective, partial gastrectomy was performed. The origin of the hemorrhage, an acute gastric ulcer, was located on the side of the minor curvature of the corpus ventriculi. After gastrectomy, the patient underwent medical treatment using an IABP, but the left heart failure was not reduced, and the pulmonary edema worsened. At 18 hours after gastrectomy, MVR was performed. The cause of regurgitation is torn chordae of the posterior leaflet. The postoperative course was good, and the patient is doing well in NYHA class 1. This case is the first report of acute mitral insufficiency associated with acute gastric lesion in Japan.
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PMID:[A case report of surgical treatment for acute mitral insufficiency associated with acute gastric lesion]. 875 97


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