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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The results of many studies on the prevalence of mitral valve prolapse have been greatly influenced by the diagnostic methods and criteria adopted as well as by population selection. The method of choice today is 2d-echocardiography because of its ability to highlight both movement anomaly (i.e. functional prolapse) and any eventual morphological variations of the mitral valve (i.e. anatomic prolapse). The latter (chordae lengthening, thickening and overabundance of the leaflets, dilation of the valvular ring) are, nowadays, considered especially important even as predictive factors of complications. Therefore we studied the prevalence of these two types of prolapse in a population of 420 university students. Functional mitral valve prolapse was found in 27/420 (6.4%) and anatomical prolapse in 2 cases (0.5%). No auscultatory finding was present in 24/27 patients with functional prolapse. There was no correlation between the two types of mitral valve prolapse and the body mass index, the fractional shortening of the left ventricle and symptoms (dyspnea, palpitations, precordial pain, dizziness). We think that the distinction between the two types of mitral valve prolapse should prove very useful for the comparison of results in future epidemiological studies. Follow-up of both groups of patients will hopefully clarify the usefulness of such distinction from the clinical point of view.
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PMID:[Mitral valve prolapse. A prevalence study using bidimensional echocardiography in a young population]. 232 71

In emergency surgery, the essential prerequisites for success are speed, promptitude and precision. For this reason diagnosis must be equally prompt and precise and may require not only clinical examination but also a number of instrumental examinations designed to confirm or even to formulate the diagnosis which is usually the case in precordialgias of cardiovascular origin. In such syndromes ultrasound cardiography is particularly advantageous for the following reasons: it is non-invasive, provides immediate results and any number of examinations can be performed on the patient in bed. Since such ultrasound techniques are also reliably accurate, they constitute the method of choice when the patient's condition is critical, when a serial study of a single patient is required and when the results are required immediately, as is the case in emergency heart surgery. Four types of ultrasound cardiography are currently available for the diagnosis of precordialgias of cardiovascular origin: 1) one dimensional M-mode echocardiography; 2) two dimensional real time echocardiography; 3) Doppler ultrasound cardiography; 4) the echo-Doppler system in which Doppler ultrasound cardiography is combined with one or two dimensional echocardiography. Acute precordial pain of cardiovascular origin may be due to the following pathological conditions: 1) ischaemic cardiopathy especially acute myocardial infarction and transitory myocardial ischaemia; 2) acute pericarditis; 3) aortic stenosis; 4) idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis; 5) mitral prolapse; 6) dissecting aneurysm of the aorta; 7) pulmonary thromboembolism. In all these cases the single and two dimensional image and Doppler ultrasound cardiography provide highly sensitive and specific information that is, in some cases, decisive for diagnosis and in others confirms the diagnosis already formulated. In addition these techniques may provide valuable prognostic data. Ultrasound cardiography is indeed useful in all cardiological emergencies, such as those caused by cardiomegaly, new and developing murmurs, peripheral embolisms, cardiac traumas and arrhythmias. It is therefore suggested that every Emergency and Intensive Care Unit should be able to use the resources offered by ultrasound cardiography in diagnosis.
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PMID:[Emergency ultrasound cardiography in acute precordial pain of cardiovascular origin]. 362 31

Symptoms of fatigue and activity impairment, atypical precordial pain, and cardiac arrhythmia frequently precede by years the development of congestive heart failure. Of 115 patients with these symptoms, 60 were diagnosed as having hypertensive cardiovascular disease, 27 mitral valve prolapse syndrome, and 28 chronic fatigue syndrome. These symptoms are common with diastolic dysfunction, and diastolic function is energy dependent. All patients had blood pressure, clinical status, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) blood levels and echocardiographic measurement of diastolic function, systolic function, and myocardial thickness recorded before and after CoQ10 replacement. At control, 63 patients were functional class III and 54 class II; all showed diastolic dysfunction; the mean CoQ10 blood level was 0.855 micrograms/ml; 65%, 15%, and 7% showed significant myocardial hypertrophy, and 87%, 30%, and 11% had elevated blood pressure readings in hypertensive disease, mitral valve prolapse and chronic fatigue syndrome respectively. Except for higher blood pressure levels and more myocardial thickening in the hypertensive patients, there was little difference between the three groups. CoQ10 administration resulted in improvement in all; reduction in high blood pressure in 80%, and improvement in diastolic function in all patients with follow-up echocardiograms to date; a reduction in myocardial thickness in 53% of hypertensives and 36% of the combined prolapse and fatigue syndrome groups; and a reduced fractional shortening in those high at control and an increase in those initially low.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Isolated diastolic dysfunction of the myocardium and its response to CoQ10 treatment. 824 99