Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 20-year-old female, who had suffered from morbid obesity with a BMI of 41.2, was admitted 3 years after undergoing laparoscopic gastric banding. 3 days before her present admission, she began suffering from abdominal pain without vomiting. On admission investigation, gastric prolapse was diagnosed with complete obstruction of passage through the band. Emergency laparoscopy was performed, which showed devitalization of the stomach above the band. At the operation, the band was removed, and conservative treatment was begun with nasogastric aspiration, total parenteral nutrition, and close observation.
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PMID:Gastric wall necrosis following late prolapse after laparoscopic banding. 1498 52

The only venomous reptile that naturally occurs in Poland is the adder or common viper (Vipera berus). Its bites are not of great epidemiological importance, but in some cases serious life-threatening symptoms may appear. The most common symptoms of adder envenomation are: local edema, reddening and pain of the bitten site and also the general symptoms coming from the alimentary tract (vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain), the circulatory system (hypotension, shock, ECG abnormalities), the central nervous system (sleepiness, vertigo, disorientation, loss of consciousness), hematological symptoms (leukocytosis, hemolysis, coagulopathy) and allergic symptoms (fever, urticaria, angio-oedema). In the present study we described the case of a twenty-year-old patient hospitalized at the Toxicology Department of the Collegium Medicum UJ after a viper bite. Except for some above-mentioned symptoms he also developed ocular symptoms like ptosis and blurred vision. Such symptoms after the common viper bite have not been described in the literature till now. The cause of them seems to be an intense allergic reaction in the region of the orbit and eyelids all the more so because the patient had the positive allergy history. However, taking into account the latest reports from the literature, a neurotoxic action of some components of the Vipera berus venom may also play a role. Because of the developing general symptoms a specific equine antivenom was administered to the patient, apart from the supportive care, without any serious side effects that usually are observed after the use of such a kind of sera. It is thought that the sheep antivenom is better than the equine one considering a lack of allergic side effects. As a result of applied treatment the local and general symptoms including ocular symptoms subsided.
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PMID:[Envenoming by common viper (Vipera berus)--subject still exists...]. 1552 21

Leading symptoms of anorectal malformation in the neonatal period are abdominal distention, non-passage of meconium and constipation. When present, vomiting is a late symptom. In a study in Calabar, Nigeria, patients were observed to present late, and teenage mothers in rural communities were mostly affected. Female neonates were affected more than males in a ratio of 1.5:1. Classification into low and high abnormality was adopted and proved practical in terms of identification of the pathology and treatment of the lesion. Patients with low abnormality (N = 24, 44.4%) were treated with perineal cut-down, while those with high abnormality (55.6%) had initial palliative colostomy before a definitive abdominal perineal pull-through procedure. Faecal incontinence (13%), anal stenosis (11.1%), constipation (7.4%) and colostomy prolapse (5.6%) were noted to be associated complications. Poverty and ignorance were noted to be the main factors affecting treatment outcome. A concerted public enlightenment campaign is therefore required.
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PMID:Results of treatment in children with anorectal malformations in Calabar, Nigeria. 1553 16

We report herein the case of a 28-year-old man presenting with hyperglycemic chorea-ballism (HCB) in addition to mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). He was admitted to a local hospital due to weight loss, general fatigue and thirst. The patient had diabetes mellitus, with a blood glucose level of 738 mg/dl and HbA1c of 19.8%. Although insulin therapy improved hyperglycemia, he noticed involuntary movements in the right upper and lower limbs, which subsequently extended to the left side. The patient was thus transferred to our hospital. He displayed short stature (154 cm) and emaciation, and a maternal family history of diabetes mellitus was elicited. He had no history of stroke-like episode, headache, vomiting and seizure. Neurological examination revealed low intelligence (IQ 57), mild sensorineural deafness, and chorea-ballism in the extremities and head without ptosis or eye movement disturbance. Brain computed tomography (CT) demonstrated areas of high density, while T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed extreme hyperintensity and T2-weighted MRI showed hyperintensity in bilateral caudate nuclei, putamina and globi pallidus. HCB was diagnosed. In, CSF, lactate level was increased to 43.9 mg/dl (n, 4-16), pyruvate level was 1.65 mg/dl (n, 0.3-0.9) and total protein concentration was 59 mg/dl. Histological examination of a biopsy sample from the biceps brachii muscle demonstrated ragged-red fibers. An A3243G point mutation in the tRNA(Leu(UUR)) gene was detected, indicating the presence of MELAS. Involuntary movements improved on treatment with haloperidol up to 4.5 mg/day. HCB usually appears in elderly individuals, and cases less than 40-years-old are very rare. The mitochondrial dysfunction in MELAS may accelerate development of HCB.
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PMID:[A case of MELAS presenting juvenile-onset hyperglycemic chorea-ballism]. 1611 32

We report two children with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) associated with mitochondrial cytopathy (MC). Case 1 was diagnosed as MC with the findings of ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, failure to thrive, high serum lactate and pyruvate levels, ragged red fibers in muscle biopsy and the common 4.9 kb deletion in mtDNA when she was four years old. She subsequently developed FSGS four years later. Case 2 was a four month-old girl presenting with feeding difficulty from birth, with vomiting, seizures and nystagmoid eye movements, nephrotic proteinuria and hematuria. Renal biopsy revealed FSGS. Ultrastructural study demonstrated markedly pleomorphic mitochondria in podocytes with a severe effacement of foot processes. The analyses of muscle biopsy and skin fibroblasts for respiratory chain enzymes were found to be normal, while mitochondrial DNA analysis revealed the population of a single deleted mtDNA in the heteroplasmic state. The present cases illustrate FSGS as a rare renal complication of mitochondrial disease and provide further evidence of podocytes possessing abnormal mitochondria which may cause glomerular epithelial cell damage leading to glomerulosclerosis.
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PMID:Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis associated with mitochondrial cytopathy: report of two cases with special emphasis on podocytes. 1632 67

A 19-year-old male student was admitted to the Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections with suspected encephalomeningitis. Three weeks before admission the patient was bitten by a tick. The first symptoms were manifested by mild consciousness disorders, headache, vomiting, and fever with the presence of meningeal syndrome. In the course of the disease, the signs of focal lesions in the central nervous system developed: horizontal nystagmus, bilateral ptosis, paresis of cranial nerves: peripheral damage to nerve VII on the right and nerve XI, weakness of proximal muscles of upper and lower extremities. Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid showed lymphocytic pleocytosis with the presence of antibodies against TBE virus. CT and MRI scans did not show any pathology. The applied treatment reduced neurological abnormalities. In the course of the disease, generalized convulsions were twice observed. On the day of discharge, slight nystagmus, bilateral ptosis with normal movement of eyeballs, slight peripheral paresis of nerve VII on the right and nerve XI, massive paresis of the shoulder girdle muscles as a result of their atrophy were found. Mental status was normal. Residual signs of peripheral paresis of peripheral nerve VII, slight nystagmus as well as paresis and atrophy of the shoulder girdle muscles are still present.
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PMID:[Severe course of tick-borne encephalitis (Encephalomeningomyelitis): a case report]. 1678 Jan 72

Clinically unsuspected pituitary adenomas are common among adults on autopsy and MRI survey. Acute pituitary hemorrhage is far more rare. We report a case of a 61-year-old male patient with locally advanced prostate cancer who presented with an acute picture of pituitary apoplexy after his first dose of leuprolide. He developed headache and neck pain within a few hours of treatment followed by nausea, vomiting, ptosis and diplopia. Pituitary apoplexy is a potentially life threatening medical emergency. Although the pathophysiology is poorly defined, various conditions and treatments have been reported to trigger apoplexy. Apoplexy has been reported in response to pituitary stimulation by GnRH or GnRH-agonists. Initial stimulatory effects of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue may induce apoplexy in patients with asymptomatic gonadotroph adenomas.
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PMID:Pituitary apoplexy after leuprolide. 1683 87

Pituitary abscess secondary to an adenoma is rare. To date, only 19 cases have been reported. This is the first report of a patient who presented with bilateral total ophthalmoplegia. A 59-year-old male patient presented with headache, nausea, vomiting, decreasing visual acuity, diplopia and bilateral ophthalmoplegia with ptosis. Magnetic resonance imaging was suggestive of a pituitary abscess with adenoma. Transphenoidal surgery was performed and, during debulking of the tumour, the abscess was seen and excised. After the operation, the patient received antibiotic therapy and his neurological condition improved. Pituitary abscess with adenoma is a serious condition that has a high mortality rate. Therefore, early diagnosis and surgical intervention with antibiotic therapy are necessary.
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PMID:Abscess formation within invasive pituitary adenoma. 1693 Oct 19

A 45-year-old-man presented with severe vomiting, constipation, abdominal distention and bilateral ocular abductor palsy. Evaluation revealed diffuse autonomic dysfunction characterized by intestinal pseudo-obstruction, xerophthalmia, xerostomia, postural hypotension, erectile dysfunction and loss of sinus arrhythmia. Paraneoplastic work-up revealed thymoma. Most symptoms resolved after surgical removal of the thymoma. Six weeks later he developed worsening of external ophthalmoparesis with ptosis, responding to acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, confirming myasthenia gravis.
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PMID:Intestinal pseudo-obstruction as initial presentation of thymoma. 1709 Aug 54

Pituitary apoplexy (PA), which is one of the most serious life-threatening complications of pituitary adenoma, is characterized by abrupt onset of headache, nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances and oculomotor paresis. Combination of oculomotor cranial nerve paralysis with normal visual fields is very rare in PA. We report a 60-year-old acromegalic man presented with panhypopituitarism and bilateral total opthalmoplegia without a visual field defect. At initial evaluation his clinical findings were compatible with adrenal crisis and eye examination revealed total opthalmoplegia, bilateral ptosis and normal vision. MRI showed a large heterogeneous mass in the pituitary fossa. Although clinical findings due to adrenal crisis improved after glucocorticoid therapy there was no improvement in opthalmoplegia and ptosis. The patient underwent transsphenoidal excision of the pituitary mass. Histological examination revealed an adenoma with large areas of hemorrhagic infarction and most of the cells were positive for GH in immunohistochemical analysis. Although opthalmoplegia was severe at presentation, total recovery was achieved 3 months after transsphenoidal surgery. Therefore the presented case clearly demonstrates that opthalmoplegia without a visual field defect due to PA has a good prognosis and early diagnosis and treatment including surgical decompression are crucially important.
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PMID:Complete surgical resolution of bilateral total opthalmoplegia without visual field defect in an acromegalic patient presented with pituitary apoplexy. 1778 21


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