Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 5-year-old girl presented with headache, vomiting, flushing, ptosis, and paroxysmal tachycardia. The neurological findings were partial motor and sensory left trigeminal palsy, left conductive hearing defect, and left cerebellar deficit. The radiological and neuropathological findings were typical for trigeminal schwannoma, which is rare in childhood. The present patient is the youngest yet recorded.
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PMID:Trigeminal schwannoma in a child. 647 86

Belching and severe vomiting may lead in association with gastro-oesophageal prolapse to a variety of lesions within the gastro-oesophageal junction. Incarceration of the prolapse, diffuse hemorrhage from the prolapsed mucosa, longitudinal lacerations (Mallory-Weiss syndrome), intramural hematoma and spontaneous rupture (Boerhaave syndrome) are the most common complications. Based on 4 cases of incomplete rupture of the oesophagus we would like to draw attention to a disorder with mediastinal emphysema or pneumopericardium following severe vomiting. It is postulated that air escapes from a mucosal tear in the terminal oesophagus into the mediastinum. Conservative treatment seems justified.
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PMID:[Incomplete spontaneous esophageal rupture - a variant of the Mallory-Weiss and Boerhaave syndrome?]. 688 Mar 17

A patient with Foley catheter tube gastrostomy was seen with vomiting and jaundice resulting from the prolapse of the tube into the jejunum. Repositioning of the catheter results in complete resolution of symptoms. Migration of the inflated balloon of a Foley gastrostomy tube, causing high intestinal obstruction and gastrointestinal bleeding, has been reported. Obstructive jaundice is another rare but reversible complication.
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PMID:Prolapse of Foley catheter gastrostomy tube causing obstructive jaundice. 732 48

Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is one of the mitochondrial encephalomyopathies that has distinct clinical features including stroke-like episodes with migraine-like headache, nausea, vomiting, encephalopathy and lactic acidosis. We report a 27-year-old woman who presented with partial seizure, stroke-like episodes including hemiparesis, hemianopia and hemihypethesia, sensorineural hearing loss, migraine-like headache, and lactic acidosis. Brain computed tomographic scan showed encephalomalacia in the right parieto-occipital area and recent hypodensity in the left temporoparieto-occipital area with cortical atrophy. Muscle biopsy revealed ragged-red fibers and paracrystaline inclusions in the mitochondria. Genetic study revealed an A to G point mutation at nucleotide position (np) 3243 of mitochondrial DNA. External ophthalmoplegia and ptosis were also found during two exaggerated episodes in this patient. Therefore, the overlapping syndrome of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia in the MELAS syndrome is considered in this case. Furthermore, we also found carnitine deficiency in this patient and she was responsive well to steroid therapy. Muscle biopsy also revealed excessive lipid droplets deposits. Therefore, the carnitine deficiency may occur in MELAS syndrome with the A to G point mutation at np 3243. We recommend the steroid or carnitine supplement therapy be applied to the MELAS syndrome with carnitine deficiency.
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PMID:CPEO and carnitine deficiency overlapping in MELAS syndrome. 748 81

A 66-year-old man suddenly developed bilateral ptosis after awaking from a nap. He did not experience nausea, vomiting or headache. In the emergency room, high blood pressure was noted. On examination, his consciousness was clear. Ptosis was present bilaterally and worse on the right side. The pupils promptly constricted to light. He could fully adduct his eyes during conjugate gaze movements, but convergence was impaired in the right eye. There was no diplopia or nystagmus. The assessment of the motor and sensory systems revealed no significant findings. Computed tomographic scanning and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a small hematoma in the midbrain. Six months later, ptosis improved; however, the convergence deficit remained.
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PMID:Midbrain hemorrhage presenting as bilateral ptosis without hemiplegia: a case report. 775 61

In August 1991 in rural central Bangladesh, researchers conducted focus group discussions with mothers of all ages and trained and untrained traditional birth attendants (TBAs) to examine the experiences of childbirth, postpartum morbidity, local beliefs, and practices. They intended to use the information to design a prospective study of postpartum morbidity and its relation to delivery practices. Postpartum morbidity was common. Most frequently described postpartum conditions were breast problems, perineal problems, infections, and prolapse. Participants mentioned a wide range of local treatments, but few mentioned antibiotics as a treatment for infections. They believed in supernatural causes of disease. Training did not substantially change the belief systems or practices of TBAs. Harmful traditional practices included internal manipulations and massage, introduction of oils into the vagina, use of fundal pressure or tight abdominal bands during labor, pulling on the umbilical cord, choking or inducing vomiting in the mother to facilitate placental delivery, and not using uterine massage to prevent and treat postpartum hemorrhage. Beneficial practices were adopting an upright position and walking during labor, squatting for delivery, noninterferring with the membranes, having psychological support from attendants, and being in familiar surroundings. The custom of seclusion was a key obstacle to health-care seeking after delivery. Thus, home visits during the first two weeks after delivery are needed. Relatives rather than TBAs performed many deliveries. Food taboos were not as significant as earlier believed. These discussions revealed that the preventive aspect of modern prenatal care has not been incorporated into the women's belief system. They also suggest that the need for health care is not being addressed.
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PMID:Beliefs and practices regarding delivery and postpartum maternal morbidity in rural Bangladesh. 778 65

Helminth and schistosome infections occur in the same geographical areas as does malnutrition. These parasitic infections can occur already in malnourished persons. Hookworm infections reduces food intake and/or increase nutrient wastage via vomiting, diarrhea, or blood loss. These effects exasperate protein energy malnutrition, anemia, and other nutrient deficiencies. Hookworm infection reduces the work capacity and productivity of children and adults; increases maternal and fetal morbidity, premature delivery, and low birth weight, as well as the susceptibility to other infections; and reduces the rate of cognitive development. These social and economic consequences in turn reduce the ability of people and families to raise crops or earn enough money to buy food and other essentials. As many as 90% of the children in some areas of the developed world are infected with roundworm. More than 100,000 deaths in 1987 resulted from complications of roundworm infection (e.g., intestinal obstruction). Roundworm infection reduces the body's ability to use protein and to absorb fat, which worsens protein energy malnutrition. Other nutrient effects of roundworm infection are exacerbation of vitamin A deficiency and lactose and milk intolerance. Whipworm infection can effect prolapse of the rectum and nutritional problems. Treatment of children with whipworm improves hematocrit, growth rates and anthropometry, and serum albumin, and reduces diarrhea and bacterial and protozoan infections in the bowel. Schistosomiasis causes nutritional effects similar to those of helminths. Studies in Kenya show that, in children, 1 treatment against worm, infections improves growth and fitness within 4 months. Other studies in Kenya show that treating children for worms or anemia improves weight gains per month at least as much as and usually more than school feeding programs, a more labor intensive, complicated, and expensive effort. Deworming programs should operate in areas where undernutrition exceeds 25% and worms are prevalent.
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PMID:Helminth parasites, a major factor in malnutrition. 801 83

Pergolide (LY127809, CAS 66104-23-2), a dopamine agonist for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, was evaluated for toxicity in acute, subchronic, and chronic studies. Acute toxicity tests using oral, intravenous and intraperitoneal routes were conducted in rats, mice, rabbits, and dogs. The acute oral median lethal doses (MLD) ranged from 8.4 to 33.6 mg/kg in Wistar and Fischer 344 rats, and from 54.0 to 87.2 mg/kg in ICR mice. Oral doses of 20 and 25 mg/kg produced no mortality in rabbits or dogs, respectively. The MLD by the iv route ranged from 0.59 to 0.87 mg/kg for Fischer 344 rats and from 11.6 to 37.1 mg/kg for ICR mice. The predominant signs of toxicity in the acute studies included hyperactivity, poor grooming, ptosis, aggressive behavior, increased gnawing activity, tremors, convulsions, and emesis. In the subchronic and chronic studies, Fischer 344 rats, B6C3F1 mice, and beagle dogs were administered pergolide either by gavage or in the diet for up to 1 year. Daily doses in these studies ranged up to 20 mg/kg for rats, 45 mg/kg for mice, and 5 mg/kg for dogs. The predominant treatment-related effects seen in these studies were attributable to the pharmacologic activity of pergolide. These consisted primarily of CNS-mediated clinical signs in rats and dogs, weight loss or decreased weight gain, emesis in dogs, and inhibition of lysis of corpora lutea with a corresponding increase in the weight of the uterus and ovaries. Pergolide treatment was not associated with any specific target organ toxicity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Preclinical toxicology studies with the new dopamine agonist pergolide. Acute, subchronic, and chronic evaluations. 819 91

Ophthalmic surgery is one of the most valuable indications for ambulatory anaesthesia (AA). Respecting the usual recommendations for AA and the specificity of ophthalmic surgery, AA has very few problems. In USA it concerns about 90% of ophthalmic surgery. Most of the patients are very young or very old. Adults are often poly-medicamented: diabetes and arterial hypertension are the most frequent pathologies. A lot of multivisceral pathologies are responsible of ocular diseases and can complicate anaesthesia. It is necessary to diagnose them before anaesthesia. Maligna hyperthermia risk is increased during strabismus and ptosis surgery. Some ocular treatments have systemic repercussion and require to be stopped before anaesthesia. Most of ophthalmic surgery can be practiced under any types of local anaesthesia. In postoperative of strabismus and retinal detachment repair, pain, nausea, vomiting are frequently observed. Their prevention is not very well known. The atropine used for cardiac reflex treatment may be responsible of an acute urine retention or a disorientation in elderly patients and delays the home readiness. Paper and pencil tests after general anaesthesia are very difficult to do, because requesting a good vision. The postoperative complications are essentially surgical complications.
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PMID:[Characteristic problems posed to the anesthetist by ambulatory surgery in ophthalmology]. 840 83

A single dose toxicity of calcipotriol (MC903), an anti-psoriasic agent, administered subcutaneously (s.c.) and percutaneously (p.c.) was studied in Slc:SD rats (s.c. and p.c.) and beagle dogs (s.c.). The LD50 values of MC903 were as follows: rats, 2.19 mg/kg in males and 2.51 mg/kg in females by s.c., and more than 15 mg/kg in both sexes by p.c.; dogs, more than 1.5 mg/kg in males by p.c. No sexual difference was noted in LD50 values of rats. Death of rats was observed from 1 to 3 days after administration by both routes. Dead animals showed decreases in body weight and locomotor activity, reddish tear, abnormal gait and dirty hair by both routes. Furthermore, dead animals administered by s.c. showed salivation, nasal discharge, piloerection, ptosis, diarrhea, urorrhea, nasal and vaginal bleeding, subnormal temperature, loose stool, cyanosis, irregular and deep respirations, clonic and tonic convulsions. Survival of rats showed similar signs to those of dead animals except for nasal discharge, nasal and vaginal bleeding, cyanosis, agonal respiration and convulsion. Discoloration of the kidney, white patch of the heart and a dilatation of the stomach wall were observed on macroscopic examinations. No mortalities were observed in dogs which showed vomiting, conjunctival congestion, circumoral and auricular reddenings, periblepharal purplish reddening, decreases in locomotor activity and defecation, emaciation, eye discharge, skin desquamation of treated area and an increase in respiration. On macroscopic examination, desquamation of the skin, reddening of the circumoral mucosa, pale gray yellow striations in renal tubules of the cortex and discoloration of the thyroid were observed. Histopathological findings revealed epidermal thickening with parakeratosis, fibrocytes, hypertrophy and hypersecretion of the sebaceous and sweat glands, formation of epitheloid glanulomas and infiltration of neutrophils in the subcutaneous tissues. Furthermore, moderate calcium deposits in the renal tubules, fatty cells and slight calcium deposits in interstitial tissues of the thyroid, and a cystic nest of an ectopic intestinal epithelium between muscle layers of the duodenum were observed at the highest dose. On the basis of results obtained in the present study, rats administered MC903 by s.c. or p.c. died probably due to the circulatory and renal disturbance resulted from effects of this drug on the heart and kidney.
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PMID:[Single dose toxicity studies of calcipotriol (MC903) in rats and dogs]. 874 15


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